陕西省山阳县王家坪金矿断裂构造控矿规律

陕西山阳王家坪金矿是南秦岭地区新发现的卡林型金矿床，受构造控制明显，矿化蚀变发育。该矿区位于龙头沟背斜北翼，馒头山—大坪—银花河断裂F₂及其次级断裂F₂-1贯穿全区，矿体赋存于其南侧次级层间断裂内。在野外地质调查与划分成矿期次的基础上，梳理了构造类型及其特征，总结了构造控矿规律，提出了找矿方向。研究表明，该矿床的形成经历了3期，其中热液成矿期中的石英硫化物阶段是主要成矿阶段。梳理出该矿床东西向、北东向、北西向和近南北向向4组断裂构造，其中，东西向构造是主要的含矿断裂，具有导矿和储矿的作用，是印支期造山过程的产物；北东、北西和近南北向构造，叠加于东西向构造之上，与燕山期以来主要构造活动有关，虽然对矿体具有破坏作用，但有利于隐伏矿体次生氧化富集；高品位的主矿体正位于东西向构造和北东、北西等构造组成的"井"字型构造中部；Ⅱ号矿体具有明显的向西侧伏特征，计算侧伏角约36°。F₂断裂及其南侧次级层间断裂（如F₂-1断裂）、Ⅲ号矿体深部和Ⅱ号矿体侧伏方向具有较大找矿潜力，是进一步找矿的首要地段。      

云南香格里拉盖吉夏含矿石英二长闪长玢岩年代学、地球化学、锆石Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

盖吉夏铜多金属矿床位于香格里拉地区格咱斑岩带红山-普朗铜多金属成矿亚带北段,铜多金属矿化与石英二长闪长玢岩紧密相关。石英二长闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为216.6±2.3Ma (MSWD=1.9),与区域上普朗、松诺、地苏嘎、雪鸡坪、春都等含矿斑岩体年龄一致。锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值分布范围为-1.55～3.27,平均为1.57,分布较集中;单阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM1))变化范围为733～918Ma,平均为795Ma,二阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM2))为923～1178Ma,平均为1015Ma,揭示其源区可能为亏损地幔或新生壳源物质。岩石SiO_2为61.08%～69.55%,Na_2O+K_2O为7.22%～7.82%,Na_2O/K_2O为0.87～1.87,具高钾钙碱性准铝质-弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.75-1.34)特征,岩石富集轻稀土元素[(La/Yb) N=13.35-24.85]和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Pb等),相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(Ti、Nb、P等),且具有高Sr(400×10~(-6)),低Y(18×10~(-6))、Yb(1.9×10~(-6))及高Sr/Y、La/Nb等特点,显示出正常弧岩浆系列钙碱性岩石特征,说明含矿石英二长闪长玢岩与岛弧环境密切相关。这种特征的花岗岩可能为盖吉夏的Cu成矿作用提供了重要的物质来源。     

Controls of interactions between iron hydroxide colloid and water on REE fractionations in surface waters: Experimental study on pH-controlling mechanism

The influence of pH on the partitioning behavior of REE at the water/particulate interface has been studied experimentally. At the beginning of colloid formation the adsorption of REE on iron hydroxide colloids is dominant, followed by REE desorption. Finally adsorption and desorption tend to reach equilibration. The capability of iron hydroxide colloids to adsorb the HREE is greater than that to adsorb the LREE. With increasing pH, LREE/HREE fractionations will take place between iron hydroxide colloids and water, leading to the reduction of their partition coefficient ratio (DLREE/DHREE). The DREE distribution patterns show Y anomalies (DY/DHo <1), with obvious REE tetrad effects appearing under low pH conditions. Experimental results have shown that there do exist REE tetrad effects in nature. In addition to pH, the chemical type of surface water and ion intensity are also the important factors controlling REE tetrad effects and leading to fractionations between particulate-adsorbed REE and dissolved REE.     

伸展盆地地表热流值的模拟计算—以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷为例

伸展盆地的大地热流值可以认为是由地幔热流，地壳内部和盆地沉积物生热效应以及岩石圈和沉积物导热性质等多个因素综合叠加的结果。本文根据传热学理论，分析了纯剪切模式条件下伸展盆地内的地表热流值贡献的分布规律及其与伸展因子的理想关系，认为深部热源的能量，伸展因子大小，地壳浅层的生热性质以及盆地构造位置是控制盆地热流高低和展布的关键因素。结合沉积地层的导热性质，放射性元素的生热效应，岩浆区的现今地表热流分布，得到了与正演模拟相接近的结果，验证了该方法思路的有效性。同时对该地区幕式伸展裂陷过程中的地表热流值变化趋势进行了模拟，认为在不同的伸展裂陷幕地表热流值表现为阶段式的升高，在末期达到最大值。     

我国大陆地区和近海海域能量收支分布及其季节变化的数值模拟研究

应用美国宇航局Goddard地球观测系统四维资料同化系统、计算了我国大陆地区和近海海域1998年各月月平均能量收支各项和10m气温、比湿及风矢量的地理分布特征. 模式计算结果表明,地表短波净辐射最强出现在夏季(7月)新疆和西藏中部地区,高值中心区可达275W/m2,在黄海东海海域春季(4月)最大,其值为250W/m2左右. 地表长波净辐射最强出现在夏季(7月)我国西北地区,中心区值为125W/m2,我国近海海域在冬季(1月)最强,其值为75-100W/m2. 我国近海海面,冬季(1月)潜热通量值高于一般月份,中心区值可达250W/m2,夏季我国大陆西南、华北和东北一带为潜热通量高值区,其值为125W/m2. 月平均能量收支计算结果显示,在黄海、东海海域冬季(1月)净通量为海洋向大气输送,夏季(7月)则反之,新疆和西藏高原中部夏季为净通量正值区. 综合温度、湿度和风矢量场分布发现,夏季从南海向华东地区,孟加拉湾向印度次大陆有明显的水汽平流输送,西藏西南部也有来自西南方向的水汽输送.     

Estimation of tree transpiration and response of tree conductance to meteorological variables in desert-oasis system of Northwest China

Transpirations of three dominated tree species, namely Mongol Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin), White elm (Ulmus pumila) and Gansu Poplar (Populus gansuensis Wang et Yang) in oasis shelter forest (Linze site) and of two dominated tree species,namely Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica Oliv.) and Russia olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn.) in lowland desert (Erjinaqi site) have been estimated using measured sapflow in summer,autumn and winter, 2002 and in spring, 2003. An ENVIS System was used for each site to measure microclimate variables, soil moisture and sapflow every half an hour, and the study time scale is one day. In the 104 days of observation during the growing season at the Linze site, the average daily sapflow of Gansu Poplar is 9.93L·d-1,and the average transpiration per unit leaf area is 1.99mm·d-1.For White elm tree,the daily average sapflow is 4.08L·d-1,while the daily average transpiration per unit leaf area is 0.49mm·d-1.The values for Mongol Scotch Pine are 3.91L·d-1 and 0.25mm·d-1,respectively.In the total 73 days of observation during the growing season at the Erjinaqi site, the daily average sapflows of Russia olive and Euphrates Poplar are 12.1 and 20.97L·d-1,respectively,and the average transpirations per unit leaf area are 0.22 amd 0.31mm·d-1,respectively.In the observation period of the growing season,tree conductances of Mongol Scotch Pine, White elm, Gansu Poplar or Russia olive show an exponential relationship with the daily average air temperature or vapour pressure deficit, but the relationship is not so obvious between tree conductance and global radiation. The transpiration process of each tree species is affected by all the observed four environmental variables. The response of tree conductance to different climatic factors changes with tree species. The effect of the same factor to the same tree species is also variable in different growing stages. The sapflow of every tree species is relatively large in later spring to early summer, and low in summer, and then reaches its largest value in later September. In the mid-November, the sapflow is relatively large, especially the deciduous tree species. This may be characteristic of the tree species in Arid Regions of Northwest China.     

压密注浆在砂土液化处理中的应用

介绍了压密注浆法应用于安庆电厂地基液化处理的实践。通过现场检测资料的分析得出了压密注浆在处理液化地基的工程中可以达到设计要求，消除液化，提高地基土的承载力，而且在不便于大型施工机具进入的狭窄场所具有优越性的结论。     

Genetic identification of natural gases from shallow reservoirs in some oil- and gas-bearing basins of China

Natural gases of shallow reservoirs with the carbon isotopic compositions of methane ranging from -50‰ to -60‰ (PDB) were considered as mixed gases of biogenic and thermogenic origins previously and some of them were considered as low-mature (or low temperature thermogenic) gases lately. In this paper natural gases with the carbon isotopic compositions of methane in the above range were identified using the molecular and stable carbon isotopic compositions of methane, ethane and propane. The mixed gases of biogenic and mature thermogenic origins display the characteristics of δ 13 C1 ranging from -50‰to -60‰,δ13C2 ＞ -35‰,Δvalues (δ13C3 -δ13C2) ＜ 5‰ and C1/∑C2 ratios ＜ 40. Immature to low-mature gases display the characteristics of δ 13 C1 ranging from - 50‰ to - 60‰, δ13 C2 ＜- 40‰,Δ values (δ13C3 -δ13C2) ＞7‰, and C1/∑C 2 ratios ＞60.     

基于遗传算法的钻机调度路线最优化

在实际桩基施工过程中,由施工管理人员根据自己的经验和现场的基本要求对钻机调度路线做出安排的方法不能做到对工期的有效控制和对钻机路线的优化调度.将钻机的调度问题转换成多旅行商的巡回问题并进一步分割,以求解硬时间约束的单旅行商问题.为了求得优化解,引入遗传算法,采用MATLAB编制了相应的程序.通过对上海黄埔体育中心桩基工程的应用分析,并与实际施工对照,结果表明遗传算法思想应用到实际施工中是可行的.     

GPS网观测时间对观测精度的影响分析研究

利用实测GPS网数据制定了不同的观测时间的数据处理方案，对观测时间对计算精度的影响进行了细致的分析研究，通过大量的统计分析给出了不同观测时间所能够达到的精度范围。