辉长岩—英云闪长岩—花岗岩—水体系在15kb时的相关系并应于分异作用及深熔作用

在15Kb不同含水量条件下测定了三类岩石—辉长岩、英云闪长岩及白云母花岗岩相关系,这三类岩石代表了钙碱性岩石系列的趋势。实验时使用了Ag-Pd或Pt装样管,是在0.5英寸的活塞-气缸高压装置中做的。所获结果对说明岩石的相关系是令人满意的。为了使玻璃、石榴石、单斜辉石、角闪石及斜长石的电子探针分析取得可靠的结果,所选用的含5％H_2O的一些实验使用了Au装样管(直到Au的温度极限)完成的,以克服铁丢失所导致的后果。在辉长岩的实验中未获得供分析的玻璃。对于一些矿物及液体的共生对来说,这些资料证明KD值是温度的函数。化学成分的差异被用来评价(1)增厚的大陆壳或上地幔顶部55km深处含水岩浆的分离结晶趋势及(2)增厚地壳深熔作用的产物。在该深度,含水玄武岩的分离结晶或辉长岩及英云闪长岩或它们的变质相当物的深熔作用,似乎生成钙碱性趋势的液体。花岗岩深熔作用产生的液体中含SiO_2较其本身要低,带有正长岩的某些化学特征。     

The Relationship Between Strong Earthquake Activity of M_S≥7.0 on the Chinese Mainland and the West Kunlun-A'nyêmaqên Secondary Arcuate Tectonic Zone

1 THESPATIALDISTRIBUTIONCHARACTERISTICSOFMODERATE STRONGEARTHQUAKESBEFORESTRONGEARTHQUAKESWITHMS≥ 7 0　　From 1 90 0to 2 0 0 2 ,6 5largeearthquakeswithMS≥ 7 0tookplaceontheChineseContinent,ofwhich 1 0weretwin quakesorstrongaftershocks.55earthquakecaseshavebeenstudiedinthispaper.ThecharacteristicsofmoderatelystrongearthquakeactivitybeforestrongearthquakeswithMS≥ 7 0wereanalyzed ,andthenotablecharacteristicswerefoundtobetheactiveandquietphenomenaayeefore…     

The Microstructural Characteristics of Fault Rocks from the Wasatch Fault Zone in Utah (USA) Under Polarizing and Electronic Microscope and Its Seismogeologic Significance

The microstructures of fault rocks from the Wasatch fault zone in Utah (USA) have been studied using a polarizing microscope,a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an ultrahigh-voltage electron microscope (HVHM).This fault zone may be recognized as one a with long history of seismic activity according to the microstructural characteristics such as type, deformation characteristics,melting structure and surface textures of the fault rocks.However,the main fault now present seems not to have been noticeably active since the late Pleistocene (Q_3),as shown by the eroded-surface texture on the quartz fragments in the fault gouge.Meanwhile,those faults supposed to be strongly active in modern times are branching faults much closer to the basin side and are covered by the Holocene sediments in the basin.     

Numerical Simulation of the Scavenging Rates of Ice Crystals of Various Microphysical Characteristics

Numerical models of trajectories of small aerosol spheres relative to oblate spheroids were used to determine ice crystal scavenging efficiencies. The models included the effects of aerodynamic flow about the ice particle, gravity, aerosol particle inertia and drag and electrostatic effects. Two electric configurations of the ice particle were investigated in detail. The first applied a net charge to the ice particle, of magnitude equal to the mean thunderstorm charge distribution, while the second applied a charge distribution, with no net charge, to the ice particle to model the electric multipole charge distribution. The results show that growing ice crystals with electric multipoles are better scavengers than single ice crystals with net thunderstorm charges, especially in the Greenfield gap (0.1 to 1.0 um), and that larger single crystals are better scavengers than smaller single crystals. The results also show that the low density ice crystals are more effective scavengers with net charges than th     

巴西里格兰德诺特省厄波迪流域视电阻率资料的解释

作为巴西厄波迪流域水文地质研究工作的一个组成部分,作了112个对称四极装置垂向电测深点。大部分资料已采用带有快速数字滤波正演算法的自动波峰回归反演算法作了解释。结果,反演费用非常低廉。由于正问题求解速度和精度的提高,还允许根据电位差(代替电场)计算对称四极装置视电阻率。因此,无论是在采用很大测量电极距(MN)的地区,还是在电阻率差异比较显著的成层大地上因改变MN极距而造成曲线不连续的地区,解释资料都没有困难。     

雅鲁藏布中新生代深水沉积盆地形成和演化(Ⅲ)——喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘构造沉降分析

喜马拉雅特提斯中、新生代属印度板块北部被动大陆边缘。对充填这个被动大陆边缘的沉积物用“反剥法”(backstrippiog)进行研究,恢复了从被动大陆边缘到前陆盆地的抓降史。对分离出的盆地构造沉降曲线与McKenzie模式图版进行对比相关性分析,判断认为被动大陆边缘成熟期主要为热耗散沉降,前陆盆地时逆冲推覆动力为主要影响因素。     

The 825-1110 angstroms EUV spectrum of Venus

On 15 August 1994 we launched the EUVS sounding rocket payload to observe the 825-1110 angstrom region of Venus's far ultraviolet airglow spectrum. The EUVS telescope/spectrograph obtained good data at five times higher spectral resolution than was previously available in the far ultraviolet. We present these data and compare our results to those obtained by the Galileo UVS and Venera 11/12 UV spectrophotometers. We identify several new spectral emission features, including both singly ionized nitrogen and molecular nitrogen in Venus's spectrum. We also see evidence for electron-impact-induced emission from CO. Finally, the EUVS data indicate that the "Ar" emissions detected in Venus's far ultraviolet spectrum by Venera 11/12 spectrophotometers are in fact not due to argon, thus eliminating the discrepancy between in situ and remote sensing measurements.     

A note on the Jewish population of the USSR from the 1989 census data

This note provides additional, more detailed information on the composition and spatial distribution of the Jewish population of the USSR in 1989. It supplements the author's previous study on the nationality distribution in the USSR.     

ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS OF A CONTINENTAL SEDIMENT MONITORING PROGRAM

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震后一分钟：强震图,有效震中和有效震级

本文报道了台湾实时地震监测的最新进展,尤其是台湾中心气象局遥测地震台网(CWBSN)的实时强震监测。该项工作旨在大震发生后迅即速报。如果速报能在强振动到来之前完成,那么地震早期警报将成为可能。CWBSN已能在大震发生后一分钟内给出强度图、震中和震级。速报和早期警报主要适用于大震(M>>5);不限幅波形记录的需要促使CWBSN在1995年将强震探测仪(如力平衡加速度计)并入其遥测地震监测系统中。将时间域递归处理应用于多道输入地震信号,通过一组联网微机生成强度图。通过等值线,能迅速识别出位于强度图最大等值线(通常为100gal)中央的有效震中。有效震级也能迅速由最大等值线(通常为100gal)覆盖的表面积确定。对于具有有限破裂面的大震,如此得出的震中和震级是更适当的震源位置和破坏强度的估算值。有效震中给出了破坏区域的中心,与传统的震中定位比较,后者仅给出了破裂形成的初始位置。有效震级所反映的更接近地震破坏的潜能,而不是强调总能量释放的传统震级。CWBSN已能在一分钟内获取上述震源的关键信息。这一时间将会进一步缩短至30s以内,如本文中举例描述的那样,地震早期警报的确是一个可能达到的目标。速报和早期警报信息将电传给用户,以采取人为或无人干予的快速反应行动。