Natural Radionuclides 238U, 226Ra,and 222Rn in the Surface Water of the El’konskii Uranium Ore Region,Southern Yakutia

Water Resources - Surface water chemistry and content of radionuclides 238U, 226Ra, and 222Rn were studied in both natural and technogenic landscapes of Southern Yakutia. The technogenically...     

Quality Assessment of Freshwater Ecosystems by the Functional State of Bivalved Mollusks

Water Resources - The characteristics of cardioactivity and the accumulation of metals in the tissues of bivalve mollusks from different water areas of the eastern Gulf of Finland and Rybinsk...     

The study of unfrozen water in volcanic ashes (Kamchatka)

The results of the study of unfrozen water in frozen volcanic ashes of different ages and mineral compositions from Kamchatka are discussed. The results of thermal analysis of chemical and granulometric composition are presented and discussed.     

Ozone content over the Russian federation in the second quarter of 2011

The review is compiled based on the results of the operation of the Total Ozone (TO) Monitoring in the CIS and Baltic countries functioning in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses the data from the national network with M-124 filter ozonometers under methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of functioning of the entire system is under operational control based on observations obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, the United States). The basic TO observation data for each month of the second quarter of 2011 and for the quarter as a whole are generalized. The results are also considered of regular surface ozone observations having been conducted by the CAO in the forest area of Moscow since 1991 that characterize the surface ozone state in the central Russian region.     

Estimation of the influence that natural fires have on air pollution in the region of Moscow megalopolis based on the combined use of chemical transport model and measurement data

Satellite measurements of the fire radiation power, measurements of atmospheric pollution in the network of GPU Mosekomonitoring stations, and the modern CHIMERE chemical transport model (CHIMERE CTM) are used for estimating the influence that forest fires have on the air pollution level in the Moscow megalopolis region during the summer of 2007. The method by which the radiation power caused by natural fires determined from satellite measurements is converted into emissions of individual model species is described. General problems related to the optimization of estimates of fire emission and the effects caused by them based on the combined use of measurement data on the composition of the atmosphere and the CTM are considered using a concrete example. It is shown, in particular, that the use of the standard least squares method for the optimization of fire emissions from leads in the general case to obtaining biased (underestimated) estimates. The results of calculations consistent with measurements show that forest fires near Moscow can occasionally be responsible for a considerable part of the air pollution observed in Moscow and its vicinities, and they can be the main reason for the high level of atmospheric pollution in some neighboring regions.     

Evaluating the diamondiferous potential of unaltered kimberlites by the population models of their composition

430 chemical analyses of rocks and their diamondiferous potential are used to identify correlations between the diamondiferous potential of rocks and their petrochemical parameters. Samples for this research were collected from selected intervals of core materials, which were also examined for diamond content (a few samples from each interval), from the Nyurbinskaya, Botuobinskaya, Internatsional??naya, Mir, Aikhal, Yubileinaya, Satykanskaya, Udachnaya-West, and Udachnaya-East pipes. Typochemical indications of diamondiferous potential are TiO₂ and K₂O concentrations and the CaO/MgO ratio. System models developed for diamondiferous kimberlites allowed distinguishing two trends of their compositional variability. One of the trends is defined by the negatively correlated TiO₂ and K₂O concentrations of the rocks. This trend is discrete and can be statistically justifiably subdivided into seven segments, each of which represents a population of compositions produced under similar physicochemical conditions. Experimental data confirm that this trend can be closely related to the diamondiferous potential. Diamond richest kimberlites are practically free of TiO₂, whereas diamond poorest ones contain as much as 3% of this oxide. The former and the latter rocks were produced at the greatest and shallowest depths, respectively. The other trend is exhibited in all populations and subdivides them into discrete groups (varieties of the populations) with systematically decreasing CaO/MgO ratio. This parameter is nonlinearly correlated with the diamondiferous potential, and its increase corresponds to a systematic increase in the melting temperature of the source material. Certain kimberlite populations contain anomalously high K₂O concentrations, perhaps, because of mantle metasomatism or the presence of fragments of oceanic crustal material in the magma generation region. In these instances, numerous diamonds could crystallize in the parental melts under high pressures (>100 kbar). The paper presents statistical analysis of pair regressions of the contents of indicative oxides and diamondiferous potential and a graphical multiple-link model for correlations between concentrations of major oxides and diamondiferous potential. Tests of the predictions of diamondiferous potential on the basis of chemical parameters confirm that these predictions are accurate in 85?C90% of the instances.     

Equipment and newly developed methodological approaches for isotopic–geochemical studying fluid phases in rocks and minerals

The paper presents data on an original equipment complex, consisting of two apparatuses, designed to prepare rock and mineral samples for the isotopic analysis of their fluid and/or gas inclusions. An example of samples from the Guli alkaline ultramafic massif in the Maimecha–Kutui province, northern central Siberia, is employed to demonstrate the capabilities of the technique of stepwise sample crushing and multiple-isotope analysis of the fluid phase.     

Ozone content over the Russian Federation in the third quarter of 2017

The review is based on the results of the operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring in the CIS and Baltic countries. The system is functioning in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO) and uses the data from the national network equipped with M-124 filter ozonometers being under the methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of the entire system functioning is under the operational control based on the TO observations including those obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, USA). Basic TO observation data are generalized for each month of the third quarter of 2017 and for the third quarter. The data of routine observations of surface ozone values in the Moscow region and on the Black Sea coast of Crimea are also presented.     

Ozone content over the Russian Federation in 2016

The review is based on the results of the operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring system in the CIS and Baltic countries. The system is functioning in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO) under methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory and uses the data from the national network equipped with M-124 filter ozonometers. The quality of the entire system functioning is under operational control based on the observations obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, the United States). The basic TO observation data are generalized for each month of the fourth quarter of 2016, for the fourth quarter as a whole, and for the whole year. The results of regular observations of surface ozone content carried out in the Moscow region and Crimea are also considered.