陕西地区岩浆岩Nd、Sr同位素特征及其与大地构造发展的联系

岩浆岩Nd、Sr同位素特征表明,扬子地块基底有着和华北地块很不相同的早期演变历史。这意味着华北和扬子两地块在历史上曾经是相互独立的,后来才拼合在一起。Nd、Sr同位素研究还表明,华北和扬子两地块的会聚在泥盆纪以前就已经在进行中,它是通过位於两地块之间的古秦岭海洋壳俯冲消亡在华北地块之下实现;华北和扬子两陆块最终相碰撞至少发生在二叠纪以前。     

天然花岗岩块的熔融实验及其岩石学意义

本文详细论述了马兰峪中生代脉状花岗间长岩固体块样品的熔融实验结果,并据此讨论了部分熔融过程中的结构与成份平衡问题。实验表明,最初熔体产生于不同矿物的接触边界上,而且石英—碱性长石之间的熔体量较石英—斜长石间熔体多,而同种矿物之间一般不出现熔体。当熔融程度增高时,两种长石间也开始出现熔体。熔体成分的研究表明,初始部分熔融过程中,局部体系的平衡起着控制作用。     

盆地演化过程中的扇三角洲

作为构造活动和古地理演变最为敏感产物的三角洲系列(泛指河流三角洲和扇三角洲)广布于不同类型的构造盆地中,盆缘坡度常是构造活动的表现。地貌,扇三角洲的堆叠及其几何学和与之共生的层序组合就成为指示构造活动的一种物理参数。裂谷演化过程中,形成扇三角洲—浊流沉积—辫状河三角洲组合的特殊充填序列。前陆盆地则发育着由深变浅的次深海(或深海)—浅海浊积扇/扇三角洲—海陆过渡—陆上磨拉石组合。走滑拉分盆地中构成特有的歪斜扇体,普遍为向上变粗和变粗又变细的层序。故可以此作为判别古构造性质的物理参数之一。     

地壳岩石的渗透性状及孔隙水对岩石力学性质的影响

本文概述地壳岩石渗透性状和孔隙水对岩石力学性质影响的研究现状及已取得的成果;指出孔隙压的形成及分布,孔隙度、渗透率与孔隙压的关系。孔隙压的有效应力,孔隙压对岩石形变。破裂机制的影响以及从断裂力学观点考察孔隙压的作用等系今后该领域研究的主要课题和发展方向。     

Transmission fluctuations across an array and heterogeneities in the crust and upper mantle

Adopting the spectral approach, we derive the formulation of angular coherence and transverse coherence of transmission fluctuations. Our derivation and results provide new insight on transmission fluctuation analysis. A review of research work on fluctuation analysis using observations at large seismic arrays such as LASA and NORSAR-follows. We point out that the model of a single-layer Gaussian medium cannot explain the angular coherence of NORSAR data and a more general model of a non-Gaussian, multi-scale, vertically inhomogeneous random media is needed. The model of a two-layer power-law medium proposed by Flatté and Wu is among the simplest of such models.     

康定片麻岩岩石化学特征的初步研究

川西地区康定片麻岩(原称澄江—晋宁期岩浆岩第Ⅳ期的酸性岩)的主体是富钠质的英云闪长质-奥长花岗质片麻岩(灰色片麻岩);尚有少量花岗质片麻岩,系灰色片麻岩遭受钾质交代而成。其岩石化学特征与太古代花岗地体一致.灰色片麻岩属低铝型,以相对富铁和不具Eu异常为特征。它与川滇交界区晚太古代垭口片麻岩等一起构成川西滇中地区的片麻岩基底.     

New Investigation on the Space Group of Chevkinite

Chevkinite specimen from a rare-earth mineral deposit in Sichuan,southwest ofChina have been studied in detail by means of transmission electron microscope(TEM).The selected area electron diffraction(SAED)and convergent beam electron diffraction(CBED)patterns,obtained from different crystal zone axis direction,proved coineidently that the space group of chevkinite is C2/m.Fringe lattice image obser-vation showed the mineral crystal is structurally uniform in microscale,and it is anideal specimen for electron diffraction analysis.The mineral studied here is similar to theone from Bayan Obo,Inner Mongolia,China,in chemical composition and REE distri-bution.The chemical formula of the crystal is(Ce,La,…,Ca)_4 Fe~2-(Fe,Ti,Nb)_2O_8 (Si_2O_7)_2 .From our study,we come to the conclusion that the space group of the natu-ral chevkinite is C2/m,instead of P2_1/a as synthetic one.Up to now,chevkinitecompositionally similar to the synthetic one,in which the complete replacements of Ce,La by Nd and Fe by Mg or Co o