空心块体水沙动力及泥沙淤积特性研究

空心块体具有良好的阻水和促淤功能,近年来被广泛用于生态修复工程。本文结合水槽试验及Flow-3D数值模拟,分析了开敞型和半封闭型空心块体的阻水效应和泥沙淤积特性。结果表明：空心块体的开孔率对内部水流流速、紊动强度起主导作用,开孔率较小的半开敞型空心块体减速、制紊效果更强;开敞型和半封闭型空心块体近底层悬沙浓度分别增大56%和75%,两者均有利于促进泥沙在块体内部淤积,近底层水流紊动越强,泥沙淤积形态差异越大;空心块体所营造的低流速、泥沙微淤、内外连通的水沙环境是大型底栖生物的生境需求,半封闭型空心块体内部的低紊动水流结构更有利于大型底栖生物的栖息、繁衍。     

Removal rate and releases of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two wastewater treatment plants,Korea

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important role in minimizing the release of many pollutants into the environment. Nineteen congeners in two WWTPs in Korea were determined to investigate the occurrence and fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) during wastewater treatment processes. The concentration of total PBDEs was 69.6 and 183 ng/L in influent, which declined to 1.59 and 2.34 ng/L in the final effluent, respectively (Tongyeong and Jinhae WWTPs). PBDEs were found to exist mostly in the particulate phase of wastewater, which rendered sedimentation efficient for the removal of PBDEs. BDE-209 was the predominant congener in the influent and sludge. Most of the PBDEs entering the WWTPs presumably ended up in the sludge, with < 2% being discharged with the final effluent. According to the mass loading estimation, every day 2.55–9.29 g PBDEs entered the two WWTPs, 2.8–10.4 g were disposed to landfill sites in sludge form and 0.06–0.12 g were discharged to the surrounding water through final effluent, respectively. Preliminary results indicated that the ecological risk to organisms in soil exposed to PBDEs through the usage of sludge application to agricultural land was relatively low. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report on the removal efficiency of PBDEs in a WWTP in Korea.     

双量子阱结构OLED效率和电流的磁效应

通过结构为ITO/NPB(60 nm)/ Alq₃ ∶1 wt% rubrene(20 nm)/ Alq₃(3 nm)/ Alq₃ ∶1 wt% rubrene(20 nm)/ Alq₃(20 nm)/LiF/Al的双量子阱的黄色有机电致发光器件,研究了不同磁场强度下的发光效率和电流变化特性. 研究结果表明该器件的电流是随着磁场强度的增加而单调下降的,显示了器件的电阻是随着磁场强度的增加而增加的. 同时也得到了该结构有     

顺序扫描ICP—AES法测定海洋沉积物中九种主要成分

用ICP—AES法测定海洋沉积物中铝、铁、钙、镁、钠、钾、钦、锰、磷等九种主要成分,方法简便,省时省力,测量精密度小于4％,可以满足海洋地球化学的要求。     

水样及生物体内微量锌、锰、硒的极谱催化波同时测定

本文提出了在酒石酸盐-乙二胺-高氯酸-亚硫酸钠-高碘酸钾-EDTA体系中同时测定微量锌、锰、硒的极谱催化波，波峰敏锐，波形稳定。Zn2 浓度在0．4～40μg／dm3，Mn2 浓度在1．6～80μg／dm3，Se（Ⅳ）浓度在0．02～3．0μg／dm3范围内浓度与峰电流呈线性关系。取天然水样平行12份测定，变异系数在10％以内。     

单环刺螠(Urechis unicinctus)的人工苗种生产研究 Ⅰ .水温对胚胎发育及幼体培育的影响

为给单环刺 (U.unicinctus)的苗种生产提供有效的基础资料 ,本文研究了水温对单环刺胚胎发育的影响。结果表明 :单环刺各胚胎发育期的发育速度 (h)随水温 (T)升高而加快 ,有明显的正相关性。求得胚胎发育的生物学零度为平均 2℃。不同水温条件下 ,各期幼虫期的存活率以2 0℃为最高 ,培育水温高于或低于 2 0℃时生存率逐渐降低。幼虫培育适宜温度为 15～ 2 0℃。     

东海陆架盆地中生界“弱低频”反射的二维地震调查技术

正0 引言东海陆架盆地是我国海域的一个大型中、新生代叠合改造型含油气盆地,具有良好的油气资源前景。20世纪70年代以来,油气勘探层位主要针对新生界。因中生界地质结构复杂,断裂发育且后期改造强烈,其地震资料品质较差,即地震反射能量弱、频率低、连续性差(简称"弱低频"反射),严重制约了东海中生界油气的进一步调查。近年来,青岛海洋地质研究所通过二维地震采集参数模拟、采集试验和攻关处理,获取了较好的二维地震数据资料。1 "长电缆、强震源、     

Robust control based on feedback linearization for roll stabilizing of autonomous underwater vehicle under wave disturbances

In the case of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(AUV) navigating with low speed near water surface,a new method for design of roll motion controller is proposed in order to restrain wave disturbance effectively and improve roll stabilizing performance.Robust control is applied,which is based on uncertain nonlinear horizontal motion model of AUV and the principle of zero speed fin stabilizer.Feedback linearization approach is used to transform the complex nonlinear system into a comparatively simple linear system.For parameter uncertainty of motion model,the controller is designed with mixed-sensitivity method based on H-infinity robust control theory.Simulation results show better robustness improved by this control method for roll stabilizing of AUV navigating near water surface.     

An inverse method for underwater bottom topography by using SAR imagery

I~IOXThe image technology of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is one of most important advances in spaceberne microwave remote sensing (Larson et al., 1976). It has extensive application in the ocean remote sensing, such as inversion of the sea subdue winds and currentS, reconstruction of underwater hatom topography and so on. Owing tO the high conductivity of sea water, an electromagnetic wave actually cannot penetrate into the sea water, with extremely smallPenetration depth (abbot 1 c…