钻孔灌注混凝土摩擦桩的荷载传递和测试

在软弱地基和城市高层建筑物地基的工程处理中,钻孔灌注摩擦桩的应用有日益增多的趋势。本文结合其施工特征在理论上分析了灌注摩擦桩的承载机制和荷载传递性能,并以现场工程实例加以说明。同时,本文指出用实测法确定荷载传递规律时还存在着弹性模量、桩径变化等取值问题,须有待进一步研究。尽管如此,笔者认为用现场实测法确定荷载传递规律还是要比其它方法更接近于实际     

共和盆地草原沙漠化的正、逆过程与植被演替规律

共和盆地地处半干旱地区, 地带性植被为荒漠草原和草原类型。由于气候波动周期漫长, 现阶段草原沙漠化正、逆过程的趋向, 主要取决于人为因素。大气圈、生物圈和岩石圈相互作用的结果, 使得沙漠化正、逆过程中不同发展阶段都有显著的特征。其中植被是最敏感和最直观的标志。讨论植被演替的系列和规律, 实质上就是讨论沙漠化的正、逆过程。     

长江流域的岩溶塌陷

<正> 长江流域岩溶分布广、类型多。其中,岩溶塌陷不同程度的发育,对国民经济建设有着重大的影响,成为岩溶地区重要的环境地质问题。据现有资料统计,长江流域内已发现岩溶塌陷共343处,它们散布于青藏高原以东,秦岭以南的广大岩溶地区,以川、黔、湘、鄂、赣等省最为发育。其类型及发育特征概括列于表1。      

夏季太平洋低纬地区季风环流与信风环流一种可能的连接机制

北半球夏季太平洋低纬地区的平均经向环流,西部(150°E以西)为季风环流;中部和东部(170°W以东)为信风区的Hadley环流;150°E—170°W之间为季风环流与信风环流的连接区或过渡区。连接季风环流与信风环流的水平环流系统,在高层为太平洋中部热带对流层高层槽(TUTT),低层为强大的太平洋副热带高压。太平洋中部高空槽区就是季风环流与信风环流的连接区或过渡区。本文分析了高空槽的流场结构,并根据各层水平环流和各经度带的垂直环流给出了太平洋低纬地区的三维气流分布示意图。      

The IAMAS-CNC Early Career Scientists Nobel Prize Online Interpretation Workshop

1.Overview The 2021 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to three scientists for their contribution to the physical understanding of complex systems(The Nobel Committee for Physics,2021).Two of the laureates,Dr.Syukuro MANABE and Dr.Klaus HASSELMANN,are climate scientists.This is the first time a climate scientist has won a Nobel Prize for physics and is thus a great encouragement to the entire climate science community,especially young scientists.Because the two winners'groundbreaking contributions that led to their award were achieved decades ago,young people may not be very familiar with these works.Therefore,to help young scientists better understand the scientific merit of the fundamental works and to inspire them in their future research careers,on 20 October 2021,the young scientist working group of The China National Committee of the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS-CNC)organized an online Nobel Prize interpretation workshop.Over 400 participants attended the online workshop,and more than 120000 parti-cipants watched the replay.     

Numerical Modeling on Suspended Sediment Transportation in the Hangzhou Bay

In this paper the characteristics of tidal flow and seasonal variation of seidment content in theHangzhou Bay and their affecting factors are studied.Field investigations and data analysis indicate thatthe sediment movement is mainly influenced by the Yangtze estuary and the sediment of the Yangtze estua-ry is induced by wind wave and tidal flow.Owing to the variation of dynamic conditions,the instanta-neous sediment content is controlled by tidal flow,wind wave,depth of water and tidal range synthetically.A sediment content relationship formula is established with related factors.A non-equilibrium2-dimensional numerical model of suspended sediment transportation is set up,and the finite element meth-od is applied.The computation results of the model is in accordance with field data.     

螺旋藻多糖对CD3AK细胞增殖能力的影响

研究了螺旋藻多糖（ＰＳ）对ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ激活的杀伤细胞（ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ Ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｋｉｌｌｅｒ Ｃｅｌｌｓ,ＣＤ３ＡＫ Ｃｅｌｌｓ）增殖能力的影响。结果表明,当ＰＳ浓度为２．５μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１培养体系条件下,对ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞具有明显的刺激细胞增殖作用（Ｐ〈０．０２）;对培养长达２３ｄ的ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞杀伤肿瘤细胞（Ｋ５６２细胞）的活性仍维持在较高的水平（４６．５％￣５０％）。提示ＰＳ对辐射     

东山岛植被资源和物种多样性特征

调查１００块样地共１ｈｍ＾２并野外植被填困,岛上含维管植物８４科１６０属１８４种,植物区系为热带,亚热带分布成分占部属数８５．７％,对岛上１６个群落中的植物种数和个体数作了物种丰富度指数Ｄ１、多样性指数Ｄ２、优势度指数Ｄ３、均匀度Ｊ等统计,其中相思树群落上述指数依次为８．１２４、１２．５０２、２．８７８和７１．９３％;马尾松群落为８．６７６、１８．４６８、３．３５４、８３．１３％,黑松群落为８．４     

福建近海五种主要捕捞作业适宜捕捞力量的研究

本文根据福建省定置、拖、围、刺、钓五种捕捞作业在本省近海的捕捞力量和渔获量,并以１９９４年单位功率的渔捞效率为基准进行逐年捕捞力量的标准化,应用Ｓｃｈａｅｆｅｒ和Ｆｏｘ两同电脑分别估算它们的ｆＭＳＹ和ＭＳＹ。结果两处在算的ｆＭＳＹ和ＭＳＹ的平均值是：定置网为８．９０尤明等３７．４１万ｔ;推网为５５．８８万ＫＷ,３５．５１万ｔ;为桃围网为７．１２万ＫＷ,１０．０６万ｔ;刺网为１５．１９万ＫＷ,９．５     

九龙江口鳗苗溯河生态与资源研究

九龙江口Ｌｉ苗１９９４￣１９９６年溯河期为１９９４年１１月２０至１９９５年４月底。１９９５年１２月２０日至１９９６年５月底。鳗苗溯河期水温范围１１．５￣２２．５℃,盐度１．９８￣２５．００,透明度０．２￣１．１ｍ,九龙江口打石坑－嵩屿断面溯河鳗苗资源量１９９５年１９３ｋｇ,１９９６年２０８ｋｇ;海澄断面１９９５年３５ｋｇ,１９９６年５５ｋｇ。