长沙市中心城区居住用地扩张特征及影响因素研究

为探讨长沙市中心城区居住用地扩张特征及影响因素,对长沙市居住用地的合理布局提供借鉴。以1979年、1990年、2003年及2010年城市总体规划为基础,借助不同年份的统计年鉴,采用居住用地扩张速度、居住用地扩张弹性系数及不同时期的居住用地的叠加,对长沙市中心城区居住用地的扩展特征与影响因素进行了系统分析。结果表明：（1）从1949年到2010年长沙市中心城区居住用地增加了7582．52×10^4m^2,年均增长速度为6．4％。（2）1979～1990年居住用地在旧城区的基础上往东发展,扩张半径较小;1990-2003年延续1979～1990年扩张方式之外,出现了一些类似于“飞地”性质的居住用地;2003—2010年居住用地扩张速度加大,湘江西部、城市南部及北部居住用地的面积明显加大。     

Analysis of the Devonian (Frasnian) platform from Belgium: a multi‐faceted approach for basin evolution reconstruction

This study undertakes a multi‐disciplinary approach (sedimentology, carbon isotopes, magnetic susceptibility and thickness distribution) to improve understanding of a major Palaeozoic carbonate platform, the Frasnian platform of Belgium. These combined techniques are used to reconstruct the platform history, which evolved in two main steps. During the first phase, the basin was strongly influenced by faulting, producing notable thickness and facies variations, with open ocean conditions, with good water circulation and no/or limited barrier reef. The second phase of platform development was less influenced by differential subsidence, as indicated by homogeneous facies distribution. However, this platform developed under restricted waters, with low circulation which is likely related to the development of a barrier reef.     

Formation of an Interactive User-Oriented Forecasting System: Experience from Hydrological Application in Linyi, Eastern China

Having provided an overview of the ideas of developing user-oriented interactive forecast system (UIFS) emerging in recent years,the authors proposed an idealized framework of the new-generation meteorological system,which includes the initial user-end module for configuring the forecast target,the physical predictive and downscaling components,and an incessant assessing module in association with decision-making at the user-end.A case study was carried out with a focus on applying the TIGGE (THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble;THORPEX stands for The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment) precipitation forecasts for the hydrological users in Linyi,a region richest in rivers and reservoirs in eastern China.The preliminary results exhibited great potential of improvement in applications of weather forecasts by combining the user-end information.Although the TIGGE results provided by existing national/international operating models were independent from the user-end,the case study enlightened ways of establishing an iteratively self-improving UIFS involving user-orientation throughout the forecast process.     

黑龙江省冰雹的气候及空间分布特征．

利用黑龙江省80个气象台站38a的降雹资料,应用统计方法对黑龙江省的降雹规律进行分析．得到了黑龙江省冰雹的时间和空间分布特征。空间上,黑龙江省冰雹天气分布中北部多,东南、西南部少;时间上,降雹存在明显的日变化,基本都集中于10-20时;冰雹天气年际变化明显,70年代至今,年代平均降雹呈现减少趋势。     

长治高温气候特征及分析预报

通过对长治市1977年-2004年6月-8月出现≥35℃的高温天气的地理分布特征、时间和强度等统计研究,给出了高温天气的气候背景。从500hPa高空形势分析,归纳出造成高温天气的四种主要环流形势（两槽一脊型、纬向环流型、大陆暖高型、副高控制型）;分析了风、云、降水等气象要素与高温天气的内在联系。通过850hPa高温预报指标站的选取及数值预报产品的统计分析,给出了高温天气的综合性预报模型。     

Remote Sensing of Eupatorium Adenophorum Spreng Based on HJ-A Satellite Data

In the southwest of China, one of the greatest threats to local ecosystem is the area expansion of an invasive species, i.e., Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng (EAS). In this study, the remote-sensing technology was used to detect and map the spatial distribution of EAS in Guizhou Province, China. A series of vegetation indices, including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), simple ratio index (SRI) and atmospherically resistant vegetation index (ARVI), were used to identify EAS from HJ-A Chninese satellite data. According to the analysis results of fieldworks from March 21 to 22, 2009, it was found that the vegetation index of {1.9589 ≤ SRI ≤ 4.1095}∩{0.2359 ≤ ARVI ≤ 0.5193} was the optimal remote-sensing parameter for identifying EAS from HJ-A data. According to the spatial distribution of EAS estimated from HJ-A data, it was found that EAS was rather more in southwest of Guizhou Province than in northeast. EAS became sparse from southwest to northeast gradually, and the central Guizhou Province was the ecological corridor linking EAS in southwest to that in northeast. By comparison with validated data collected by the government of Guizhou Province, it was found that the uncertainty of remote-sensing method was 18.52%, 29.31%, 8.77% and 9.46% in grassland, forest, farmland and others respectively, and the mean uncertainty was 13.29%. Owing to the lower height of EAS than many plants in forest, the uncertainty of EAS was the greatest in forest than that in grassland, farmland and so on.     

多指标融合的小波去噪最佳分解尺度选择方法1

借助最小均方根误差、信噪比及光滑度变化随小波分解尺度增加的收敛特性,提出了一种多指标融合的小波去噪最佳分解尺度选择方法。该方法利用信息熵来融合小波去噪过程中不同方面的变化特征,能够更全面地反映小波去噪结果与分解尺度间的对应关系;通过定量识别融合指标变化的拐点,能够有效识别小波去噪的最佳分解尺度。针对不同类型的去噪信号进行实验分析并与现有方法进行比较,验证了本文提出方法的有效性与优越性。     

基于分形理论的建筑物沉降观测数据处理

建筑物在施工、运营阶段受主体荷载等各种因素影响会产生沉降变形,为了利于建筑物沉降分析,保障建筑物安全,分析了分形理论在建筑物沉降数据处理中的可行性。通过实例,得出了基于分形理论的建筑物沉降数据处理方法。     

北大西洋飓风频次与西半球的南极涛动的联系

To examine the zonal asymmetry of the Antarctic oscillation （AAO）, different portions of the AAO from June to October （JJASO） in the interannual variability of the Atlantic tropical hurricanes number （ATHN） are documented in this research. It follows that the AAO in the Western Hemisphere （AAOWH） is positively correlated with the ATHN, at 0.36 during the period of 1871-1998 and 0.42 during the period of 1949-98. After removing the linear regressions on the Southern Oscillation Index （SOI） in all time series, the above correlation coefficients are 0.25 and 0.30, respectively. The underlying mechanisms are studied through analyses of the atmospheric general circulation variability associated with the AAOWH. It turns out that the positive （negative） phase of JJASO AAOWH corresponds with several factors： decreased （increased） vertical zonal wind shear magnitude, low-level anomalous convergence （divergence）, high-level anomalous divergence （convergence）, and warmed （cooled） sea surface temperature in the tropical Atlantic. Therefore, the positive （negative） phase of JJASO AAOWH is favorable （unfavorable） to the tropical hurricane genesis.     

Direct Climatic Effect of Dust Aerosol in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 （CAM3）

Direct climate responses to dust shortwave and longwave radiative forcing (RF) are studied using the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 (CAM3). The simulated RF at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is-0.45 W m-2 in the solar spectrum and +0.09 W m-2 in the thermal spectrum on a global average. The magnitude of surface RF is larger than the TOA forcing, with global mean shortwave forcing of-1.76 W m-2 and longwave forcing of +0.31 W m-2 . As a result, dust aerosol causes the absorption of 1.1 W m-2 in t...