边界效应下居民跨珠海-澳门边界活动特征与机制分析

作为跨行政等级主体的澳门,与大湾区其他城市之间存在制度与地理双重边界,跨珠海-澳门（珠澳）边界活动更具复杂性。以珠海拱北口岸的跨边界大湾区居民作为研究对象,根据身份属性将其分为内地访澳旅客、内地通勤劳工、来陆娱购澳人以及在陆居住澳人四大类。通过问卷调查与深度访谈,采用时空路径和2-模社会网络分析的方法,探究在边界效应作用下居民跨边界活动的时空特征及社会交往特征,并对跨边界活动的影响机制进行分析。研究发现：边界效应下大湾区居民跨珠澳边界活动空间的交互性不足,个人活动主要集中在局部空间。在局部空间下,内地访澳旅客与来陆娱购澳人跨边界活动内容和交往对象单一,活动交往以工具性联系为主,缺乏信息与感情的传递;内地通勤劳工跨边界交往对象多样化,社会网络密度较大,但社会网络往往是由“强关系”创造的人情网,社会文化边界仍有待消融;在陆居住澳人跨边界社会网络密度以及联系多样性较大,具有良好的社会交互预期。居民的跨珠澳边界活动受到一国两制与通行制度制约、异质文化与梯度经济吸引以及社会心理与差异性政策调节的共同作用。     

海南省城乡关系演化及驱动机制研究

推进城乡一体化协调发展是事关海南自由贸易港建设成效的重点任务之一,新的发展环境及政策框架正促使海南省城乡关系快速转型。采用变异系数法、耦合协调度模型、回归模型,从城乡空间、经济和社会等维度,分析了建省办特区以来海南省城乡关系演化特征及驱动机制。结果表明：①建省办特区以来,海南省城乡协调综合指数呈现明显的先降后升态势,由1988年的0.319 9到1993年的0.153 9,2019年达0.851 9;②海南省城乡各子系统耦合度和耦合协调度均呈波动上升态势,耦合度主要处于磨合和高水平耦合阶段,耦合协调度由轻度失调转变为初级协调,最后达到中级协调,城乡各子系统间相互作用增强;③海南省城乡关系演化经历城乡二元加剧、城乡二元固化、城乡关系趋缓和城乡一体化初期四个阶段,低水平城乡均衡发展是重要特征,高质量推进城乡一体化协调发展是关键;④经济发展对城乡协调发展影响最为明显,但呈负相关,其次为市场消费、产业结构、乡村发展、交通通达性、城镇发展和政府行为,对外开放对城乡关系演化影响相对较弱;⑤制度创新、对外合作、产业优化、城镇建设和乡村振兴是推进城乡融合发展的重要路径。     

利用 Landsat 8影像制作解译样本点辅助高分影像分类可行性的研究

地理国情普查项目使用的高分影像质量的良莠不齐给地表覆盖数据生产带来了巨大障碍。本文剖析了目前收集到的高分影像资料的主要缺陷,如多分辨率、多传感器、多年份和跨季节,给地表覆盖数据解译带来极大的局限性;阐述了Landsat 8影像自身的特点,如像幅面积大、获取周期短、波段信息丰富,同时提出利用Landsat 8影像辅助解译的思路,并通过试验验证这种方法的可行性。     

电力配网地理信息系统的设计与开发

随着城市规模的迅速扩大,对输配送电网的服务和管理提出了更高的要求,传统的管理模式已不能适应电力行业的需要。输配送电网GIS主要针对输变电主干网及子干网输配电网设备设施空间分布数据、电网运行状态等信息进行集中管理。系统的建设目标是对电网的网络关系进行分析,开发出基于地理信息技术的电网管理系统,形成以地理位置为查询主线索的多层次多方式的信息管理系统。本文结合长沙电业局的输配送管网建设现状,结合实际工作需求,全面提高电缆管理所的综合服务和管理水平,对电力配网地理信息系统的功能和框架结构等进行全面描述和开发。     

基于移动GIS和LBS技术的地名地址快速采集方法研究与应用

介绍移动GIS的特点和LBS定位技术,针对目前地名地址采集过程中存在的数据采集不准确、不规范和周期长等一系列问题,设计了从外业拍照、数据采集、内业录入到数据更新的地名地址数据采集流程,并开发了地名地址数据采集系统,其次,介绍地名地址采集系统的实现和功能配置,并结合实例分析系统的应用情况.系统既简化了地名地址的采集流程,同时又提高了数据采集的效率.     

Intel MKL在Bernese GNSS数据处理中的应用

为提高Bernese GNSS software数据处理效率，将英特尔数学核心函数库(math kernel library，MKL)应用于Bernese 精密定轨数据处理，对比分析多个MKL矩阵求逆函数与Bernese 原有程序的计算效率。使用2019-03全球200个测站北斗/GNSS数据进行实验分析，结果表明，采用参数预消除策略时，参数预消除步骤消耗时间明显大于矩阵求逆，使用MKL处理数据效率提升不明显；而未采用参数预消除策略时，使用MKL矩阵求逆函数可显著提高矩阵求逆效率，其中dpotri函数矩阵求逆计算效率最高，消耗时间平均值为133 s，相比Bernese 原有程序计算速度可提高13倍。     

海区兵要地志信息系统的设计与开发

介绍了海区兵要地志信息系统的组成及功能,以及系统设计的关键点。系统实现了多媒体海量兵要地志信息存储与查询功能;成功地将GIS技术引入到兵要地志系统中,突破了传统纸质兵要地志的局限性;成功地将不同类型的兵要信息集成在同一个界面上表达,具有很好的兼容性。     

Optical dating of sand wedges and ice‐wedge casts from Qinghai Lake area on the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau and its palaeoenvironmental implications

Sand wedges and ice‐wedge casts in the Qinghai Lake area on the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP) occur within alluvial gravel or river terrace deposits. In this study, we report the results of quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of the infill of five relict sand wedges and one ice‐wedge cast. Combining our dating results with previously published luminescence ages of permafrost wedges in the Qinghai Lake area, we show that sand/ice wedges formed at c. 62 ka, c. 45 ka and between 30 and 15 ka, and that the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) was depressed by at least ～3°C relative to present during the sand/ice‐wedge formation periods. This new work is partially corroborated by post‐LGM proxy records from lakes and aeolian deposits reported from the northeastern QTP. It also significantly extends the palaeoenvironmental record in the region in the period before the LGM, when other proxy records are rare, allowing a better understanding of the palaeoenvironmental conditions on the northeastern QTP.     

Effects of different operational modes on the flood‐induced turbidity current of a canyon‐shaped reservoir: case study on Liuxihe Reservoir,South China

Suspended matter is an important indicator of water quality in freshwater systems. The flood‐induced turbidity current plays a dominant role in the seasonal dynamic of suspended matter in the Liuxihe Reservoir (23°45′50″N; 113°46′52″E), a large, stratified reservoir at the Tropic of Cancer in southern China. Field measurements show that loading and distribution of suspended matter in the reservoir differ in typical wet, dry and medium years, as a result of different discharge volumes and water level variation patterns. Using historical data and the practical demand for water supply and flood control, we generalized two feasible reservoir operational modes: flood impounding mode (drawing down the reservoir to a low level before flood events to impound inflow during the flooding season) and moderate level change mode (drawing down the reservoir to a moderate level before flood events, then keeping the level within the flood control level during runoff events). To examine the effects of different operational modes and outlet depths on the reservoir's flood‐induced turbidity current, a numerical simulation model was applied in three types of hydrological conditions. The results show that the mode with moderate drawdown and recharge processes can decrease loading of suspended matter in spring and promote turbidity current release during flood events, and upper withdrawal can improve the effects of turbid water release. We suggest that more attention should be focused on water quality management in the reservoir operation stage, severe artificial water level fluctuation being avoided and selective withdrawal becoming an optional management measure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ray-based modeling of reverberation in subsurface circular cylindrical void

Ray representation of electromagnetic resonance (reverberation) mode in subsurface circular cylindrical dielectric resonator (including void) is proposed. The modal ray path must be regular polygon or polystar. Travel time formulas for fundamental resonance multiples and the detecting conditions for non-exact-backscattering rays are derived. Simulation of time–distance curves of a modal hollow concrete block is generally concurred to the measured ground penetrating radar signal pattern. The proposed modeling method can be generalized to other resonant cavities with different profiles and provide a sound base for further applications of other more complicated geophysics science and engineering fields, particularly in ray-based tomography.