由大地测量数据得到的犹他州沃萨奇断层带的全新世滑动速率：地震周期效应

在美国西部盆地山脉省的东部地区，GPS数据确定了一个宽大的现代变形带。使用覆盖在粘弹性下地壳／上地幔之上的弹性上地壳的有限元模型并结合地震周期效应，我们指出这些数据与现今的断层滑动集中在沃萨奇断层带上的模型是一致的。模拟的水平扩展速度是3．0～4．5mm／a，这也与全新世的地质数据相一致。这些模型是非一的，部分原因是大部分沃萨奇断层都处于地震周期的后期阶段，而这一时期跨断层的地表速度梯度均较低。     

海底地震观测系统

基于OHP计划研制了几种类型的海底地震观测系统。本文将介绍这些观测系统，研制的关键是使这个宽频带系统能够长期使用，并且轻便、稳定和耐用。     

新报告制定地球科学未来进程计划

上个世纪，地球科学的发展已具有很强的了解和预测地球系统事件的能力。过去的10年，定量地球科学研究蓬勃发展。随着观测系统和计算工具的进步，人们能以前所未有的时空分辨率来模拟和预测地球物理过程，地球科学也将继续加速发展。随着这些进步，需要反思地球科学研究的现状，重新评估地球科学研究发展的方向和明确能实现的现实目标。     

由ODP Leg191布设的海底井下宽频带地震仪系统

名为WP-2的新井下地震观测站由ODP Leg191成功地布设在西北太平洋海盆的ODP1179E钻孔。为了研究地球构造，WP-2台站被安置在一个独特的点位。两套宽频带地震仪用水泥固定在玄武岩层内，通过ROV号潜艇来驱动系统并检查系统的工作状态。ROV也用于回收初始数据。WP-2台站的地震噪声水平对地震观测而言是足够低的。     

FLOW FIELD IN SCOURED ZONE OF CHANNEL CONTRACTIONS

Experiments were conducted in a laboratory flume to measure the two-dimensional turbulent flow field in the scoured zone of channel contractions under a clear-water scour condition. The Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used to detect the flow field at different vertical lines along the centerline of uncontracted (main channel) and contracted zones of the channel. The distributions of time-averaged velocity components, turbulent intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and Reynolds stresses are presented in nondimensional graphical form. The bed shear stresses are computed from the measured Reynolds stresses being in threshold condition within the zone of contraction where bed was scoured. The data presented in this paper would be useful to the investigators for the development of kinematic flow model and morphological model of scour at a channel or river contraction.     

Ninth International Symposium on River Sedimentation （Oct. 18-12, 2004, Yichang, China）

The Ninth International Symposium on River Sedimentation (9^th ISRS) has been successfully held on Oct. 18 to 21, 2004 at the site of the partially completed Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River near Yichang of Hubei Province, China. The Symposium is organized by the Ministry of Water Resources,     

INAUGURATION OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH （WASER）

The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research, the name of which has been abbreviated to WASER, was inaugurated on 19 Oct. 2004 during the 9^th International Symposium on River Sedimentation in Yichang, China. Dr. Des Walling, the President of the new Association,     

Electron microscopy study of the sakhaite from endogenous borate deposit in Hunan, China

Sakhaite was first discovered by Ostrovskaya, Pertsev and Nikitina at Siberia in the former Soviet Union. By using the X-ray diffraction technique, they proved that the crystal system of sakhaite was cubic (a = 1.464 nm), its possible space groups were Fm3m, F432, F43m, Fm3, F23, and its crystal chemical for-mula was Ca48Mg16(CO3)16(BO3)28Cl4(OH)8 4H2O[1]. Chichagov, Simonov and Belov studied the crystal structure of synthetic sakhaite and determined that its space group was F4132, …     

Estimation of annual actual evapotranspiration from nonsaturated land surfaces with conventional meteorological data

Land surface evapotranspiration is an important component both in earth surface heat and water bal-ance, on whose budgets weather and climate depend, to a great extent, for their changes are responsible for the formation and variation of vegetation features on the globe. Besides, the evapotranspiration is an im-portant topic of short-term flood forecasting and the estimation of runoff from mountainous sides. As a result, the problem as to the evapotranspiration has been one of the concerns in …     

Discovery and analysis of ultra-micro grinding grain texture in slipping lamellae of ductile-brittle zone

In the 1990s of the 20th century, we participated in the research of the stress field in fissure tectonics of scientific deep bore cores for the Deep Observation and Sampling of the Earths Continental Crust (DOSECC for short). Spherical and enriched ul-tra-micro granular textures (nm size), which enriches Nb element (Wang & Sun, 1990; Sun & Wang, 1993)[1,2], were found during the observation of ul-tra-micro slipping lamellae of ductile and brittle oc-curring in Late Mesozoic granites us…