NOTES ON THE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SPIRIFER TINGI BEDS OF KUEITING.

The corals described by Dr. Grabau in the preceding pages came from a place 350 m W. of the village of Machiat(?)un, which is situated 11.7 kilometers east of the district city of Kueiting in Kweichow province. The specimens from locality T107 were found in situ and those from T107a were collected from the slabs used for pavement right besides locality T107.     

I AND UTILIZATION IN KUNMING LAKE REGION, YUNNAN

The Kunming Lake, with an area of 324 sq. kin. during its flood water time, is the largest lake in Eastern Yunnan. More than twenty streams from the surrounding mountains empty into the lake which is drained by the TangLang River to the upper Yangtze. Around the Kunming Lake is an extensive     

白垩纪—第三纪界线的同位素地层学与钙质超微生物的“灾变性”灭绝

本文总结了八个地区白垩纪—第三纪界线的生物地层资料,试图确定一个完整的连续剖面.其中,突尼斯的艾尔·凯夫剖面出露最厚,生物地层标志也最全,包括白垩纪最顶部的Micula Prinsii带;第三纪最下部Globigerina fringa带中的“界线粘土”以及Globigerina eugubina and pseudobulloides带.根据这一分带,笔者对比了各剖面的稳定同位素地层标志.资料表明,白垩纪最晚期和第三纪最早期海洋的同位素组成,差别极大.碳同位素的变化主要取决于海洋养分的变化,显然是全球性的,因而具有等时性.氧同位素的变化虽然也具全球性,但受古地理位置及古循环系统的局部影响.同位素地层与生物地层资料的一致性表明,第三系底部沉积物中的“白垩纪”超微化石,并非再搬运的,而是白垩纪—第三纪界线事件的幸存者,在第三纪最早期海洋中仍继续繁衍.这些孓遗种属在界线事件后几万年才发生灭绝,理应为事件造成的环境变化的结果,而不是事件本身引起的”灾变性”灭绝.     

Retrospective analysis: bile hydrocarbons and histopathology of demersal rockfish in Prince William Sound,Alaska, after the Exxon Valdez oil spill

Demersal rockfish are the only fish species that have been found dead in significant numbers after major oil spills, but the link between oil exposure and effect has not been well established. After the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, several species of rockfish (Sebastes spp.) from oiled and reference sites were analyzed for hydrocarbon metabolites in bile (1989-1991) and for microscopic lesions (1990 and 1991). Biliary hydrocarbons consistent with exposure to Exxon Valdez oil were elevated in 1989, but not in 1990 or 1991. Significant microscopic findings included pigmented macrophage aggregates and hepatic megalocytosis, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation. Site differences in microscopic findings were significant with respect to previous oil exposure in 1991 (P=0.038), but not in 1990. However, differences in microscopic findings were highly significant with respect to age and species in both years (P<0.001). We conclude that demersal rockfish were exposed to Exxon Valdez oil in 1989, but differences in microscopic changes in 1990 and 1991 were related more to age and species differences than to previous oil exposure.     

利用微波辐射计对水淹区和盐渍化土灌制图

水淹和盐度，在海岸地带是两个同等重要的问题。目前还没有一种精确的遥感技术可以用来对受这两个因素影响的地带制图。为了研究采用微波辐射计进行这种制图的可行性，我们通过能够反映水淹区和盐渍区特性的层化模型，进行了亮度温度的数值计算。亮度温度的特性可以显示出水淹区和盐渍区的特征值。本文所提供的结果表明了微波辐射计在对水淹区和盐渍区制图方面的应用价值。     

The impact of oestrogenic and androgenic contamination on marine organisms in the United Kingdom--summary of the EDMAR programme. Endocrine Disruption in the Marine Environment

This paper summarises results of the EDMAR programme which is investigating oestrogenic and androgenic endocrine disruption in UK coastal waters. Most of the data concern fish. Four species (flounder, viviparous blenny and two sand gobies) are experiencing feminisation in industrialised estuaries. In males this includes vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis, ovotestis induction and/or feminised sexual characteristics. Although reproductive success may be impaired in some cases, implications for fish populations are still unclear. Suspected causative contaminants include natural oestrogenic substances and synthetic oestrogen mimics. The majority of the oestrogenic activity is adsorbed to sediments, and routes of exposure may include benthic food chain transfer. Some natural androgenic substances are also being discharged to estuaries, but their activity appears low.