印度尼西亚东部原油的地球化学特征

在亚洲 -澳大利亚东南地区 ,总体估计的石油总回收率约达１２５０亿桶油当量（ＢＯＥ）（其中５００亿桶油 ,１２５兆立方英尺天然气）。这个大区域的石油系统受古生代和早中生代冈瓦纳的主构造解体控制。我们在印度尼西亚东部的研究区位于欧亚板块上以第三系为主的石油系统和印度尼西亚 -澳大利亚板块上以古生界—中生界为主的石油系统之间。在我们进行研究之前 ,研究区许多原油的相互关系是未知的。这次地球化学研究的目的是应用高分辨率地球化学方法评估这些油气的成因关系、油源岩的年代和古环境以及它们的相对热成熟度和生物降解程度 ,…     

Mountain Water Tower and Ecological Risk Estimation of the Mesta-Nestos Transboundary River Basin （Bulgaria-Greece）

The Mesta-Nestos river basin in Bulgaria and Greece is a case study for transboundary decision-making support in south-eastern Europe and a show-case for the development of methodologies and information-gathering for the integrated regional planning of water resources. Land-use conflicts in this water-scarce region cover a wide spectrum of activities like agricultural irrigation,drinking water production,diversions for industrial water,and risk of pollution from mining,to name a few examples. Measurements of the water quality were carried out in the upper basin. Results will be illustrated by the example of the environmental situation in the alpine region of the Pirin National Park as well as in the Razlog Basin with a stronger anthropogenic impact and pollution around a former uranium mine near the village of Ele?nica. The social and economic development of this transboundary region is a recently established priority for the future. It will mean an increase in water usage and more stress for the water resources if regional impacts of global climate change are verified. Problem-focused management of the catchment area as a whole on the basis of proved geo-data sets is needed for the future.     

Simulation Study on High Energy Cosmic Electron Detection by Shower Image

Many projects have recently been carried out and proposed for observing high energy electrons since it is realized that cosmic ray electrons are very important when study-ing the dark matter particles and the acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays. An imaging calorimeter,BETS (Balloon-borne Electron Telescope with Scintillator fiber),has been de-veloped for this purpose. Using pattern analysis of the shower development,the electrons can be selected from those primary cosmic ray proton events with flux heights one-tenth that of the electrons. The Monte-Carlo simulation is indispensable for the instrument design,the sig-nal trigger and the data analysis. We present different shower simulation codes and compare the simulation results with the beam test and the flight data of BETS. We conclude that the code FLUKA2002 gives the most consistent results with the experimental data.     

Evaluation of Estrogenic Activity and Measurement of EDCs in Wastewater Treatment Plants

1IntroductionDuringthe past several years,concern hasincreasedover the potential pollution of watershed by estrogeniccompounds,including steroidal hormones fromhumanand ani mal sources.Effluents from wastewater treat-ment plants are sources of endocrine-d…     

Discovery of Pyrrhotite-Chalcopyrite-Bearing Amphibole Megacrysts in Tongling Area, Anhui Province

Some pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-bearing amphibole megacrysts (including pyroxene megacrysts) were discovered in Mesozoic augite diorite-porphyrite at Caoshan in Tongling area, Anhui Province. The amphibole megacrysts, belonging mainly to pargasite and magnesiohastingsite, are characteristic of the amphibole composition derived from mantle and crystallized in lower crust. In general, the aggregates of pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite take the shapes of cylinder and sphere. Three occurrences have been recognized in the amphibole megacrysts: parallel linear, bunchy and scattered. The unique cylinder-like shape of the aggregates and remarkable Ni-poor sulfides in Caoshan are distinctively different from the spherical Ni-rich sulfides in pyroxene megacrysts and any other kinds of megacrysts. In terms of composition, the amphibole megacrysts and their sulfides in Caoshan are similar to those in the pyroxenite xenoliths in Qilin, Guangdong Province. In terms of origin, the pyrrhotite-chalcopyrites as exsolution products resulted from the subsolidus re-equilibration of sulfide solid solution within amphibole megacrysts.amphibole megacrysts were first discovered inside and outside China. This discovery is important for the study of regional magma evolution and its associated mineralizations and ore sources as well.     

下地幔中俯冲型玄武岩壳的研究

通常认为大洋岩石圈俯冲到地球深部,从而导致地幔的对流并产生地幔的不均一性。然而,大洋岩石圈作为一个整体可能并非均匀地俯冲：即由于化学成分、密度和熔融温度的差异,玄武岩壳与其下伏橄榄岩层俯冲到地球深部后的情况可能有所不同。有人认为俯冲的玄武岩壳可能在地幔中６６０ ｋｍ 处的不连续面附近形成一个浮体,且该浮体至少延伸至８００ ｋｍ 的深处,从而产生可能由于重力捕获作用形成的石榴石岩层。本文报道大洋中脊玄武岩在高达６４ ＧＰａ 压力下（相当于１ ５００ ｋｍ 的深度）的相态关系和熔融温度。我们的研究发现当俯冲的玄武岩壳在大约７２０ ｋｍ 的深处转化为钙钛岩的岩性特征时不再是浮体,并且在该转换带压力与温度呈正相关,这与橄榄岩正好相反。据此可推测,具钙钛岩岩性特征的玄武岩壳有可能因重力作用而下沉至深部地幔。熔融实验资料表明,在下地幔底部,当温度超过４ ０００ Ｋ时,玄武岩壳将会产生熔融。     

柴达木盆地北缘大柴旦地区古生代花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年

大柴旦地区是柴北缘古生代超高压带的重要组成部分,与超高压岩石相伴的花岗岩十分发育。这些花岗岩具有两类不同的岩石地球化学特征,Ⅰ类以 Na_2O/K_2O 比值小于1、明显的负 Eu 异常和低 Sr、高 Y 为特征,具有 S-型花岗岩的属性,Ⅱ类以 Na_2O/K_2O 比值大于1、弱负 Eu 异常到正 Eu 异常和高 Sr、低 Y 为特征,具有Ⅰ-型花岗岩的属性,反映了它们的源岩及成因上的差异。锆石 SHRIMP U—Ph 定年结果表明,大柴旦地区花岗岩的年龄可分为三组,第一组年龄为446.3±3.9Ma,第二组年龄分别为408.6±4.4Ma、403.3±3.8Ma、401.8±3Ma,第三组年龄分别为374.5±1.6Ma、372±2.1Ma。结合区域地质特征,我们认为,第一组年龄可能反映了柴达木陆块与中南祁连板块碰撞的时代,第二组年龄可能反映了深俯冲地下的板块由于拆沉而折返的时代,第三组年龄可能反映了碰撞隆起后造山带上不同块体之间的伸展、滑塌的时代。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112000072

The Abor volcanics outcroping in the core of the Siang window in the Eastern Himalaya comprise voluminous mafic volcanics (47％-56％ w(SiO2)),with subordinate felsic volcanics (67％-75％ w(SiO2)).The felsi...     

一个三维水动力学模型及其在水环境中的适用性试验

发展了一个三维水动力学模型.该模型在水底磨擦项计算中,采用了流速的平方根法;在湍流扩散系数的估算中,采用了带稳定度函数的参数化方案;对垂直方向上的坐标进行了压缩,引入σ坐标;对时间变量则采用了分离模式技术,即外部模式(快过程)与内部模式(慢过程);而求解外部模式时,采用了显式一隐式格式交错法(ADI),从而使模型不仅计算时间缩短,且可应用于水很深而水平空间尺度很小,又有热力分层的水域中.最后作为该模型的一个实用性试验,选择了美国犹他州East Canyon水库,利用该模型探讨了温跃层对风、人流及出流变化的响应情况.