GPS拟合高程代替五等水准测量精度的分析与探讨

就GPS高程转换进行研究,论述了GPS高程转换的过程及常用方法,特别对数学模型拟合法进行了讨论,最后通过对某地区GPS拟合高程与水准高程的精度对比分析,提出了利用GPS观测值加已知高程点拟合求待定点高程的方法,论述了等级网GPS拟合高程可以达到的普通几何水准测量精度。     

国家1:50000数据库更新工程总体设计研究与技术创新

为了全面提高1:50000数据库的信息现势性和要素完整性,我国"十一五"期间组织实施了国家1:50000数据库更新工程.介绍该工程总体技术研究与技术创新工作,包括研究设计以地形数据全要素更新、全区域变化检测和全过程质量控制为主要特征的1:50000数据库全面更新模式,研究提出符合我国大面积快速更新实际需要的缩编更新优先、影像一体化更新为主的主体更新方法,设计研制规模化更新所需的生产技术系统,制定配套的生产技术规定,建立规模化更新生产业务体系,并在全国大规模更新生产中广泛使用.

Abstract：

The currency of geographic data refers to its consistency with respect to the real world, and plays a criti-cal role in geographic information service and applications. In order to improve the quality of geographic informa-tion service, State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China had launched a five year's national campaign to up-date 1 : 50000 topographic database. This paper outlines the master design and technical development of this na-tional updating engineering, which adopts a full coverage updating strategy characterized by all element topo-graphic data modeling, change detection in all related areas, and whole process data quality controlling. High resolution image-based updating and large-scale data generalization-based updating were developed and used as two majors updating techniques, a series of technical production specifications were made, Based on the above, a technical system for large scale updating production, mainly including image based updating software and data generalization based updating software, has been developed and equipped to a large number of production units. The new technical pro-duction system has been successfully implemented in national campaign to update 1 : 50000 topographic database.     

分布式遥感图像处理中的若干关键技术

分析和探讨了分布式遥感图像处理中的主要研究问题和若干关键技术,包括分布式处理模型、支撑环境、网络环境下的遥感数据存储管理、分布式并行处理中数据划分、功能分解以及负载平衡与任务分配等。     

An enhanced approach for surface flow routing over drainage‐constrained triangulated irregular networks

The accuracy and efficiency of the simulations in distributed hydrological models must depend on the proper estimation of flow directions and paths. Numerous studies have been carried out to delineate the drainage patterns based on gridded digital elevation models (DEMs). The triangulated irregular network (TIN) has been increasingly applied in hydrological applications due to the advantages of high storage efficiency and multi‐scale adaptive performance. Much of the previous literature focuses mainly on filling the depressions on gridded DEMs rather than treating the special cases in TIN structures, which has hampered its applications to hydrological models. This study proposes a triangulation‐based solution for the removal of flat areas and pits to enhance the simulation of flow routing on triangulated facet networks. Based on the drainage‐constrained TIN generated from only a gridded DEM by the compound point extraction (CPE) method, the inconsistent situations including flat triangles, V‐shape flat edges and sink nodes are respectively identified and rectified. The optimization algorithm is an iterative process of TIN reconstruction, in which the flat areas are generalized into their center points and the pits are rectified by embedding break lines. To verify the proposed algorithm and investigate the potential for flow routing, flow paths of steepest descent are derived by the vector‐based tracking algorithm based on the optimized TIN. A case study of TIN optimization and flow path tracking was performed on a real‐world DEM. The outcomes indicate that the proposed approach can effectively solve the problem of inconsistencies without a significant loss in accuracy of the terrain model.     

SAR影像与光学影像的高斯伽玛型边缘强度特征匹配法

提出了一种基于影像边缘强度图描述的SAR影像与光学影像匹配方法。首先对影像进行粗纠正,消除影像之间的尺度和旋转变化;其次,改进相位一致性特征检测方法,提取对影像相干斑噪声稳健的特征点;然后基于高斯伽玛型双边窗口比值算子计算影像边缘强度图,在此基础上构造不变特征描述符;最后联合几何约束条件,实现SAR影像与光学影像匹配。试验结果证明,与现有方法相比,本文方法能够大幅提高SAR影像与光学影像匹配结果中的正确匹配特征数量以及影像配准精度。     

基于GPS无验潮水深测量在自然河段冲淤变化的精度探讨

无验潮模式已经在相关领域得到成熟的运用,但是在内河用于水文泥沙冲淤分析尚属空白。本文简要介绍了GPS无验潮测量的基本原理及作业方法,结合2014年长江三峡工程库区重庆市主城区河段河道演变观测项目,以九龙坡典型河段为例,对该河段进行了验潮与无验潮模式测量,并对两种方法得出的结果进行了计算与分析。测试结果表明,基于GPS无验潮测量模式进行水文泥沙项目观测,对水文泥沙分析精度有一定的影响,对勘测项目的经济效益上有一定的提高。     

基于无人机的配电导线断股缺陷检测系统设计与实现

配电导线的状态对用电需要和用电安全而言有着重要的意义,当配电导线处于断股状态时,将可能导致严重用电事故.传统断股检视方法常依赖于人工,费时费力.为此,本文设计与研发了一套基于无人机影像的配电导线断股缺陷实时在线检测系统.该系统利用无人机获取配电导线影像,通过WiFi和WinSock机制完成影像数据传输;采用FCN网络而...     

防洪决策中海量二三维数据联动可视化问题研究

目前国内二三维联动GIS的研究大多是把二维和三维的展示放在同一进程中实现,且涉及的地域狭小、数据量小,难以发现实际项目应用中的问题。本文以实际的数字武江防洪决策系统项目为例,对基于多进程交互技术的海量二三维数据联动进行了研究,在充分利用多进程交互、GIS、数据库、三维地形可视化等技术的基础上,结合二三维系统的特点,实现了对武江流域防洪决策信息的管理、展示、分析与处理,为武江流域防洪决策提供了技术支撑。     

城市建筑水平特征对城市热环境效应的影响——以大连市中山区为例

以大连市中山区的遥感和建筑等多源数据为基础,结合单窗算法和相关分析方法,研究分析了2002—2014年研究区的地表温度空间分异特征及地表温度与建筑密度的相关性。研究结果表明:(1)2002—2014年地表温度高温区域多分布在中山区西北部、解放路和中南路的沿线,且温度增加明显,东北部由于填海造陆温度明显升高;(2)高密度和较高密度的地块主要分布在青泥洼天津街商业区,大部分低、较低、中密度地块分布在解放路和中南路沿线;(3)2002年、2014年,地表温度与建筑密度呈现中等相关性,相关系数分别为0.514、0.537。     

航空重力测量的空中数据处理与分析

针对航空重力测量的原始扰动数据,本文介绍了数据处理的一般流程,内容包括原始数据检查、零点漂移校正、平均高程面归算、交叉点搜寻、内符合精度评价、离散数据的格网化等方面,详细说明了每一步数据处理的理论模型,并通过工程实例对计算结果进行了讨论和分析,为今后开展大规模航空重力测量业务作出一定的尝试和探索.