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992.
Yingfeng?Zhang Guohong?ZhangEmail author Eric?A.?Hetland Xinjian?Shan Shaoyan?Wen Ronghu?Zuo 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2016,173(4):1029-1038
The complete surface deformation of 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile earthquake is obtained using SAR interferograms obtained for descending and ascending Sentinel-1 orbits. We find that the Illapel event is predominantly thrust, as expected for an earthquake on the interface between the Nazca and South America plates, with a slight right-lateral strike slip component. The maximum thrust-slip and right-lateral strike slip reach 8.3 and 1.5 m, respectively, both located at a depth of 8 km, northwest to the epicenter. The total estimated seismic moment is 3.28 × 1021 N.m, corresponding to a moment magnitude Mw 8.27. In our model, the rupture breaks all the way up to the sea-floor at the trench, which is consistent with the destructive tsunami following the earthquake. We also find the slip distribution correlates closely with previous estimates of interseismic locking distribution. We argue that positive coulomb stress changes caused by the Illapel earthquake may favor earthquakes on the extensional faults in this area. Finally, based on our inferred coseismic slip model and coulomb stress calculation, we envision that the subduction interface that last slipped in the 1922 Mw 8.4 Vallenar earthquake might be near the upper end of its seismic quiescence, and the earthquake potential in this region is urgent. 相似文献
993.
Bertrand?GuillierEmail author Jean-Luc?Chatelain Hugo?Perfettini El?Hadi?Oubaiche Christophe?Voisin Rabah?Bensalem Djamel?Machane Mustapha?Hellel 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2016,14(8):2213-2227
Building frequencies (fundamental and higher modes) are a critical parameter especially in the field of structural health monitoring mainly based on the stability of the structural dynamic parameters of individual building (frequencies, damping and modes shape). One of the most used methods to find out these parameters is based on the use on ambient vibration analysis. In this work, we study the fluctuations over a month period of the fundamental frequencies (transverse and longitudinal) of a 3.5-story RC-building made of 2 identical units connected by a structural joint. Time independent building frequencies is a strong assumption; as illustrated by our experiment showing that over an observation period of a month, building frequencies fluctuate of about 3.5 %. A clear correlation is found between the building frequency fluctuations and temperature variations, with a phase-shift interpreted as the characteristic time of heat diffusion within the walls. This allows: (1) determining the thermal diffusivity of the structure, (2) inferring its relative stiffness variations, and (3) showing that its Young modulus varies linearly with temperature. 相似文献
994.
Abstract The annulus model considers convection between concentric cylinders with sloping endwalls. It is used as a simplified model of convection in a rapidly rotating sphere. Large azimuthal wavenumbers are preferred in this problem, and this has been exploited to develop an asymptotic approach to nonlinear convection in the annulus. The problem is further reduced because the Taylor-Proudman constraint simplifies the dependence in the direction of the rotation vector, so that a nonlinear system dependent only on the radial variable and time results. As Rayleigh number is increased a sequence of bifurcations is found, from steady solutions to periodic solutions and 2-tori, typically ending in chaotic behaviour. Both the magnetic (MHD convection) and non-magnetic problem has been considered, and in the non-magnetic case our bifurcation sequence can be compared with those found by previous two-dimensional numerical simulations. 相似文献
995.
Wan Zheng 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2015,14(2):229-238
A simple cyclic elastoplastic constitutive model for sand is proposed based on the UH model for overconsolidated clay. The proposed model has the following features. First, in order to describe the stress-induced anisotropy in sand, a rotational hardening rule is introduced for the evolution of the yield surface axis with development of plastic deviatoric strain in the principal stress space. Second, the relationship between the rotational axis and stress-induced anisotropy is modeled by introducing the slope of rotational axis into the yield function. The fl atness of the yield surface can be determined by the slope of rotational axis. Finally, a revised unifi ed hardening parameter is proposed to incorporate the stress-induced anisotropy. The model capability in describing the cyclic response of sand is verifi ed by comparing the simulations with available test results. 相似文献
996.
Different values have been assigned to the ratio of the defl ection amplifi cation factor(Cd) to the response modifi cation factor(R) for a specifi ed force-resisting system in the seismic design provisions while the same application is defi ned for it. An analytical study of the seismic responses of several reinforced concrete frames subjected to a suite of earthquake records performed in this research indicate that the stories’ overstrength and stiffness distribution along the structural height can affect local defl ections more than global ones. Therefore, the Cd/R ratio is calculated based on the ratio of both maximum inelastic to maximum elastic displacements and interstory drifts. Due to damage concentration in some specifi c stories, the defl ection amplifi cation factor calculated based on inelastic interstory drifts was larger than that of the inelastic displacements. Consequently, a minimum value of 1.0 is recommended for the Cd/R ratio in order to estimate maximum inelastic drifts. The ratio of inelastic to elastic displacement was generally found to increase slightly along the structural height for the studied RC models. In addition, it was detected that the story damage indices of the studied RC frames decrease when the inverted value of inelastic interstory drift ratios are increased through a(negative) power form. 相似文献
997.
998.
研究了铁路连续梁拱组合体系桥梁的支座减、隔震设计.针对该桥梁的特点提出了摩擦摆支座减、隔震设计的原则与方法;建立全桥计算模型,采用非线性时程分析方法重点分析了摩擦摆支座的减、隔震效果.结果表明,采用摩擦摆支座可以显著地减小结构顺桥向的最大地震弯矩及拱顶变形,横桥向的减、隔震效果受输入地震动的影响很大. 相似文献
999.
1000.