Прерывистое освещение поля зрения при методе соответствуюших высот и относительные уклонения отвеса в высоких татрах

To determine the relative deflections of the vertical from geodetic data and from astronomical measurements we used the method of equal altitudes, determining the time of passage by means of interrupted illumination of the field of view. The field of view of the telescope used (Zeiss Theo 010 and an astrolabe having an angle of 60°) was therefore supplied with five groups of seven horizontal fibres and during the passage of the two images the field of view was illuminated by a neon tube for a period of about 0·15 s every three seconds. The neon tube was connected either directly to an OMA 50 time signal by means of a transistor receiver or to a chronometer. The calculation was performed by means of relations (1) and (2). Apart from the corrections usually introduced, the personal-instrumental error (containing also a correction from the decimal equation) of the longitudeo _λ and the correctiona _η of the component η were also determined from the measurements. The correctionso _λ=?0·069s ando _η=?0·66″ also contain a correction from the decimal equation. Its value iso _λ ^′ =?0·030s for the longitude. The lago _λ?o _λ ^′ in reading the interpolation was ?0·039 s. The valueo _η=?0·66″ was introduced into the calculation of the vertical components η obtained from measurements in the High Tatras. The values of the corrections are given in Tab. 1. The method permits measurement of the passages of stars through the almucantar in the meridian. No conclusive proof was found for the impersonality (Tab. 1). The method was verified practically when determining the relative deflections of the vertical in the High Tatras for refining altitude measurements. The results are given in Tab. 2 and Fig. 2. The course of the quasigeoid profile in the Kriváňmeridian was also found (Fig. 3).     

The magnetic anisotropy of basalts and its variations under oxidation of titanomagnetites

Summary Using four samples of basaltic rocks from the Bohemian Massif, Nos 201, 202, 206 and 218, the curves of rotational moments in a magnetic field of 4 × 10⁵ A/m were studied as a function of the degree of oxidation of titanomagnetites. The amplitudes of the individual harmonics were determined by harmonic analysis for samples oxidized to various degrees. It was found that the proportion of the harmonic A ₁ withsin increases with the degree of oxidation. Simultaneously, the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility changes in a field of 60 A/m and the structure changes from linearly parallel to plane parallel.     

Über die Verbreitung von Colikeimen im Bodensee und ihre Zunahme während der letzten zehn Jahre

Zusammenfassung Es gelangen heute rund fünfmal so viele Colikeime in den Bodensee wie vor zehn Jahren. In den nachkontrollierten Einzugsgebieten kommen aber auch gleichzeitig von rund fünfmal mehr Menschen die Abw?sser in den See. W?hrend der Sommerstagnation sind in der obersten Wasserschicht mehr Colikeime zu finden als in der Tiefe. Im Winter bestehen keine vertikalen Differenzen. Bei den niederen Wassertemperaturen im Winter werden mehr coliforme Bakterien nachgewiesen als im w?rmeren Wasser im Sommer. Der in den letzten Jahren stark zunehmende Wasserpflanzenbestand hemmt den Wasseraustausch von Ufer- und Seewasser. Die eingeschwemmten F?kalbakterien verbleiben am Ufer.     

Nous accueillons “studia geophysica et geodaetica» dans notre vie scientifique

Sans résumé le président du Comité national tchécoslovaque de géodésie et géophysique     

Electromagnetic measurements in the vicinity of the KTB drill site. Part I: The MV results across a 2-D array

Summary We have analysed magnetovariational data of ten temporary field stations deployed as a 2-D array covering about 50 km square of a SFR/FRG border area adjacent to the KTB superdeep drill site. Single- and inter-station induction vectors were computed by frequency and time domain analyses. The distribution of induction vector characteristics was analysed, interpreted in terms of the electrical conductivity distribution across the array, and correlated with geological phenomena.     

Namibia's orange river boundary — origin and reemerged effects of an inattentive colonial boundary delimination

Conclusion From the above and beside the securing of water rights for the national mining industry, the irrigation clusters scattered as if pearls along the Orange River's N bank are of an obviously unrenouncable significance for the Namibian agricultural production. In any case, it is clearly of utmost importance for Windhoek to secure the possession of the N flood plain by a boundary accord to be reached as soon as possible. This should determine as a minimal solution the border line finally along the low water mark, or, certainly more advantageous for the country, following the rivers median line. Even more so because, in spite of the high costs this would entail due to the lack of infrastructure in the inaccessible Orange gorge, the future extending potential of the irrigation schemes on the N bank are be estimated at least on 7800 ha (Otzen 1989) which is six times the developed irrigation area at the present stage and more than the actual overall Namibian irrigated cultivation area.In order to strengthen the claim to all areas presently disputed between the Republics of Namibia and South Africa and backed by several in international law not binding UN General Assembly resolutions, the Windhoek Constitutional Assembly resolved Article 1 (4) of the new Namibian constitution: The national of Namibia shall consist of the whole of territory recognised by the international community through the organs of the United Nations as Namibia, including the enclave, harbour and port of Walvis Bay, as well as the off-shore islands of Namibia, and its southern boundary shall extend to the middle of the Orange River. Secret negotiations have been taking place since 21st March 1990 but as in the case of the much disputed possession of Walvis Bay, the Republic of South Africa cannot be forced to accept the low water line or the now constitutionally claimed median line as the revised Orange River boundary. South Africa remains internationally unsuable and the small Namibia is presently unable to put pressure on the leading regional power. On the contrary, such a substantial revision of the failures of the late German colonial administration seems only be attainable, if it all, after a phase of positive development in Windhoek, so to be recognised by Pretoria, which then could be result in a voluntary surrender of the South African claim to the N bank to seal then hopefully reached good neighbourly relations between the Republic of South Africa and the recently emerged Republic of Namibia.