Seasat-A satellite scatterometer instrument evaluation

The Seasat-A satellite scatterometer (SASS) was designed to measure ocean surface wind speed and direction in twenty-four (24) independent cells over a 1000-km swath. It operated in the interrupted CW mode at a frequency of 14.6 GHz with four (4) fan beam antennas and used Doppler filtering in the receiver for resolving the cells on the surface. The instrument began operating in space on July 6, 1978, and gathered normalized radar cross section (sigma^{0}) data for approximately 2290 h. The purpose of this paper is to describe the in-orbit evaluation of the SASS hardware and its compatibility with the spacecraft. It has been determined that the scatterometer operated flawlessly throughout the mission, met all design requirements, and established a good data base for geophysical processing.     

The distribution of iodine and chlorine in soils over lead-zinc mineralisation,East of Glogfawr,mid-Wales

The potential pathfinder elements iodine, as total (I_tot) and watersoluble (I_aq), chlorine (Cl_tot and Cl_aq) together with F, As, Pb, Zn and Cu have been determined in B horizon soils over proved lead-zinc mineralisation east of the disused Glogfawr mine, Dyfed, Wales. Pb and Cu are anomalous in soils over this occurrence while Zn fails to reflect underlying mineralisation. Total and water soluble I and Cl show anomalously high values over the proved mineralisation and also indicate extensions along the trend of the mineralised fracture system to the south-southwest and the north-northeast; these anomalies are more extensive than those formed by Pb or Cu.In the soils analysed there is a strong correlation between I_tot and I_aq and Cl_tot and Cl_aq and it is possible that a simple water-extractable method could be of use in geochemical prospecting.     

热带和温带气旋数值模拟结果的对比分析

本研究将气象学家Ｅｌｉａｓｓｅｎ关于经向环流和穿越锋区的次级环流的驱动理论推广应用于研究热带和温带气旋的经向环流的驱动过程。     

Sodium,magnesium, potassium and calcium concentrations in ice cores from the Law Dome,Antarctica

The concentrations of Na, Mg, K and Ca have been determined in three ice cores drilled along a flow line on the Law Dome, Antarctica. Average cationic concentrations in the upper sections of the cores show a marked decrease in concentration with increasing distance from the coast. A depth profile of the core drilled 5 km from the coast near Cape Folger indicates that the ice below 260 m was precipitated in a colder climate regime, probably towards the end of the Wisconsin stage. The depth profile of the core located at the summit of the dome, 110 km from the coast, shows an unexpected steady increase in the concentration of cations with depth. This may indicate an increase in precipitation, or a gradual change in wind patterns on the dome over recent centuries.     

Quantifying Inputs of Pesticides to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park – A Case Study in the Herbert River Catchment of North-East Queensland

The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) is an ecosystem whose ecological features are recognized internationally. There is a need to evaluate the impacts of historical and contemporary changes in land use on the GBRMP. This paper quantifies pesticide inputs in the Herbert River catchment of North Queensland in the context of changes in land use over the last 100 years. We show that three major phases of rural land use and land cover change have occurred, with large areas of native vegetation converted to agricultural production. The increase in agricultural land has seen a corresponding increase in the area receiving pesticides. We present data showing application histories for organochlorine, organophosphate, phenoxy, triazine, urea, mercurial and azole group pesticides. While the fate of these pesticides in aquatic and marine systems is largely unknown, these trends pose a significant challenge for agricultural industries in complying with the principles of ecologically sustainable development (ESD).