Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals in Pearl River Delta Quaternary Boreholes

This paper analyzed contents and geochemical fractions of four heavy metals in four Quaternary boreholes from different sedimentary areas in Pearl River Delta. The results revealed that the geochemical features of heavy metals were controlled by geological provenance and sedimentary environment. The contribution rates of geological sources showed differentiation in four sedimentary environments. In delta plain sedimentary environment, geological sources were the most predominant. In the sea land interaction sedimentary environment, the control of the geological source factor was weakened. The effect of land-sea interaction became more important. Due to different chemical properties of heavy metals, they showed distinct sensitivities to sedimentary environment. Cadmium (Cd) was enriched significantly in the study areas. Mobile fraction of Cd possessed the highest proportion. Potential ecological risk of Cadmium was the highest among heavy metals. Asenic, mercury and lead were enriched weakly. Arsenic and Mercury were dominated by residual fraction. Lead was mainly composed of residual and Fe-Mn oxidation fraction. Their potential ecological risks were relatively lower. In different sedimentary environment, physicochemical parameters had various effects on Cadmium geochemical fraction such as pH. The mobile fraction of Cd was mainly correlated with pH and leaching coefficient.     

Reading the Past,Informing the Future: Progress and Prospective of the Recent Ocean Drilling Researches on Climate and Ocean Change

Aiming at the current climate status, i.e., drastic rise of atmospheric greenhouse gases and the apparent trend of global warming, the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP), launched in 2013, proposed four scientific challenges, including the response of global climate to CO₂ rise, the feedback of ice-sheet and sea-level to global warming, the dynamics of the mid- and low-latitude hydro-cycle, and the mechanism of the marine carbon-chemical buffering system. By August 2017, eight IODP expeditions of climate-related themes were implemented, focusing on the Neogene evolution of the monsoon system over Asia-Pacific-Indian and the West Pacific Warm Pool, with specific interests in the variabilities and mechanisms of the Asian Monsoon system on orbital-to millennial-scales, as well as the connections between Asian Monsoon and the uplift/weathering of the Tibetan Plateau on tectonic time scale. The planned IODP expeditions in the forthcoming two years will explore the Southern high-latitude climate histories of West Antarctic ice in the Cenozoic, and Southern Ocean currents and carbon cycle in the Cretaceous-Paleogene. In sum, during the current phase of IODP (2013-2023), our knowledge about the marine climate system would be greatly advanced via deciphering the past changes in tropical processes of Asian Monsoon and West Pacific Warm Pool, as well as in high-latitude factors of the West Antarctic ice. A better scientific background of natural variability would be provided, accordingly, for predicting the future tendency in climate change. In this context, China’s strategic directions include the global monsoon concept, the tropical forcing hypothesis, and in particular the climate effect of the Sunda Shelf.     

洞庭湖平原土壤铅活动性影响因素研究

为了系统地探讨洞庭湖平原土壤铅(Pb)活动性特征及其影响因素,本次研究在常德市、益阳市、株洲市共采集了110件水稻根系土样品,讨论了土壤Pb活动态含量和活动系数与有机质、pH值、阳离子交换量(CEC)等土壤理化性质的相关性,并据此建立了Pb活动态含量和活动系数的预测模型。研究结果表明:土壤Pb含量、pH值、有机质含量、CEC和风化程度都是影响Pb活动态含量及活动系数的主要因素。pH值、CEC和有机质含量都会影响土壤缓冲能力,进而影响Pb的活动性。土壤Cd含量和Zn/Pb值也与Pb活动态含量有显著相关性;在不同的浓度梯度内,Cd与Pb的交互作用不同;土壤具有较高的Zn/Pb 值时,Pb活动态含量较低。采用逐步回归法建立了土壤Pb活动态含量以及活动系数的预测模型,土壤Pb活动态含量用土壤pH、Pb含量、CEC和Na₂O/K₂O值进行预测,活动态系数用pH、CEC、SiO₂/Al₂O₃值进行预测,预测效果均较好。     

新疆阿克陶玛尔坎苏锰成矿带地质特征及成矿条件分析

玛尔坎苏锰成矿带沿玛尔坎苏河上游分布,东西延伸超过40 km。该成矿带以石炭系细碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩沉积建造为主,属典型的海相沉积型锰矿。锰矿带含矿层位稳定,矿体厚度大(最厚30.61 m),品位富(平均品位24%～35%,最高68.5%),矿石矿物以菱锰矿为主,属于低铁中磷类型。综合分析认为玛尔坎苏锰成矿带形成于滨浅海环境,成锰期处于一种安静、还原的水体环境。锰质来源以深源物质为主,与火山活动、热水活动关系密切。     

古地中海植物区系在青藏高原隆起后的演变和发展

青藏高原植物区系是第三纪古地中海退却,青藏高原成陆以后开始发展演变而来的。化石资料表明,在早第三纪时青藏高原具有同特提斯早第三纪喜暖的樟叶林一致的植物区系;在第三纪中期以后由于古地中海气候逐步旱化而逐步消失;在横断山及喜马拉雅和东亚其它地区得以保存和发展。新第三纪以后由于古地中海气候变得干旱,原暖湿植物区系逐步被现代旱生的地中海植物区系所取代。一些代表类群：黄花木属、沙冬青属、Anagyris、钩毛草属、无心菜属、铁筷子属,绿绒蒿属,芒苞草科,马桑属、高山栎组、沙棘属等类群分布区和地理分布格局的形成,说明了这些旱生的地中海成分随着青藏高原的隆升进一步分化形成了中亚成分、地中海-西亚-中亚成分、旧世界温带成分、北温带成分、中国喜马拉雅成分等,并形成了一些间断、残遗和特有的分布现象。因此,古地中海植物区系是现代青藏高原植物区系的一个重要源头。通过分析也进一步论证了第三纪早期沿古地中海东西迁移路线和在此路线分别同热带亚洲、非洲和南美洲进行的南北迁移可能是青藏高原同欧洲、北美、南半球等间断分布格局形成的一条重要途径。     

做好党外知识分子工作促进社会主义现代化建设

本文就如何做好新时期党外知识分子工作，提出了一些看法和见意。     

陕西榆林——横山地区侏罗纪坳陷湖泊的淤浅机制和聚煤作用

榆林—横山地区是鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪煤田的一个重要组成部分。延安组内含有极其丰富的优质煤。煤的聚集和大型内陆坳陷湖盆的充填有密切的关系。本文以大比例尺写实断面研究成果论述了研究区内沉积体系域三维空间配置关系,为环境分析和聚煤模式的建立提供了充足的沉积学依据。对内陆坳陷湖泊充填淤浅及泥炭沼泽的形成机制进行了探讨。依据实际资料分析,笔者将区内的聚煤活动归结为三种模式:即(1)废弃河流环境聚煤;(2)废弃三角洲平原聚煤;(3)湖湾决口充填聚煤。第二种是研究区内最重要,也是规模最大的聚煤型式;第三种所形成煤层质量最好,是今后在该区寻找优质富煤带,满足从质量上优中选优的方向。     

2022年青海门源MS6.9地震发震构造和地表破裂初步调查

北京时间2022年1月8日01时45分，青海省海北州门源县发生强烈地震（图1），造成数人受伤，房屋倒塌，部分道路、桥梁、隧道等基础设施被破坏或受损。中国地震台网（CENC）测定该地震的震级为MS 6. 9，震中位于37. 77°N，101. 26°E，震源深度为10 km(https://www.cenc.ac.cn/cenc/dzxx/396391/index.html)。利用欧洲航空局哨兵2号雷达卫星的震前、震后SAR数据进行差分干涉处理，得到同震形变场分布图。限定此次地震以左旋走滑运动为主，断层走向NWW，断层面近直立；主体破裂深度在10 km以上并到达地表，形成长度＞35 km的地表变形带，最大滑动量约2 m。2022年门源MS 6. 9地震发生在青藏高原中北部的祁连- 柴达木次级地块的北部（图1）、托莱山断裂带和冷龙岭断裂带的交会部位，是继1986年和2016年两次门源MS 6. 4地震之后在冷龙岭断裂带上发生的震级最高、地表破裂最长的地震事件。     

徐州体育中心田径场的验收测量

随着体育事业的发展，各大中城市体育场地的建设也在不断兴起，就其等级、质量如何评定验收，是我们面临的又一新课题，本文以徐州市体育中心为例，介绍了田径场主要环节的验收测量标准，并对该田径场的各主要指标进行了验收测量和详细介绍，供同行们在以后的工作中参考和进一步的探讨。     

陕西数字地震台网子台测定近震震级的偏差

使用陕西数字地震台网数字地震记录资料，以台网平均震级为标准震级，分析各子台的震级偏差。结果表明，在150km震中距范围，子台测定震级偏差随震中距增大而减小，大于150km，震级偏差不明显。合阳、蒲城、华阴子台台基影响为正值，安康、汉中、彬县子台台基影响为负值，其他子台影响较小。震级偏差随方位角变化是明显的，且具有区域性相似特征。子台方位的震级偏差校正，台网震级标准误差显著改善样本数占81．7％，平均标准误差由0．243下降到0．168。