黄河源区土壤温湿和大气参量变化特征

利用中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院玛曲土壤温湿观测网2008-2009年、2013-2014年数据验证了3套再分析资料ERA-Interim,CFSR（Climate Forecast System Reanalysis）和JRA-55（Japanese 55-year Reanalysis）在黄河源区的适用性,结合中国气象数据网玛曲气象站1980-2014年观测资料与CLM4.5（Community Land Model 4.5）进一步分析了黄河源区近35年气候变迁、土壤温湿分布和变化,结果表明:CFSR能够较好地描绘黄河源区土壤湿度变化,ERA-Interim对于土壤温度刻画能力更强,JRA-55效果较差;35年来气温、土壤温湿总体呈上升趋势且发生突变;近年来10 cm土壤温湿有暖干化趋势,降水量稍有增加,土壤冷季冻结周期变短,暖季持续时间拉长;CLM4.5模拟精度高,能够较好地刻画源区土壤温湿变化细节,两湖及黄河周边暖季为冷湿中心,冷季为暖干中心。     

南海西沙西科1井层序地层格架与礁生长单元特征

碳酸盐岩礁滩体系是南海海域重要的油气储层之一.南海西沙岛屿全取心的科学钻井——西科1井, 为南海碳酸盐岩礁滩体系的详细研究提供极好的条件.通过西科1井岩心的宏观描述及微观分析, 结合高分辨岩心扫描及大量分析测试结果, 对碳酸盐岩礁滩体系展开了精细研究.根据识别出的6个暴露面、2个淹没面, 将西科1井中中新世以来划分为9个三级层序.其中晚中新世黄流组和第四系乐东组为主要成礁期, 以海泛面和暴露面为标志, 将礁体归纳为淹没型生长单元和暴露型生长单元两大类, 暴露型又进一步细分为硬基底和软基底两类, 淹没型可细分为快速淹没和缓慢淹没两类.垂向上形成了极具特色的礁体组合, 即慢步礁(或淹没礁)、同步礁(加积礁)、快步礁(暴露礁).研究成果对于南海生物礁生长过程及碳酸盐岩礁滩储层勘探具有重要参考价值.      

Fine description of structure and sedimentary microfacies of Li32 block of Lijin oilfield,Dongying depression,China

Considering that available data in Li32 block is limited, log phase method and core analysis were used to divide sedimentary facies and sequence, the former is principal, and two short-term cycles, five middle term cycles, and fifteen short-term cycles were divided. Combined seismic interpretation with fault point and fault rod, the instantaneous phase profile explained small fault more clearly and accurately. The sever faults were analyzed, and integrated structure was constructed. Lithofacies in cored wells were observed; the grain-size probability curves mainly are suspension and jumping transport; grain size is mainly for the siltstone and fine sandstone; the color of mud in the second segment of Shahejie formation (ES2) is mainly gray–green, gray to dark gray, these reflect that sediment environment is delta front, which included underwater distributary channel, mouth bar, distal bar, and so on. Well data and structural maps were integrated to build 3D structure model and sedimentary microfacies model of Li32 reservoirs using stochastic simulations with geometry data. The integrated 3D geological model is a valuable tool of reflecting geologic body with great reality and can accurately represent and describe the complex reservoir heterogeneity.     

哈尔滨黄土的粒度与地球化学特征及其对粉尘物源的指示

哈尔滨黄土位于欧亚黄土带的最东端,对它的风尘物源研究是深层次理解风尘堆积与区域构造-地貌-气候变化耦合关系的关键。然而,对哈尔滨黄土地球化学组成的研究尚未开展,对其性质还存在认识上的不统一。为此,我们研究了哈尔滨天恒山剖面L₁黄土层的粒度和地球化学组成,并对其化学风化和物源等展开讨论。为了示踪哈尔滨黄土的物源,我们还对东北沙地（浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地、呼伦贝尔沙地和松嫩沙地）进行了表土采样和地球化学分析。结果表明：哈尔滨黄土不含细砂组分（125~250 μm）,含有极细砂组分（63~125 μm,4.8%~10.5%）,粉砂（4~63 μm）和黏土组分（<4 μm）占绝对优势,分别占73%~82%和12%~18%;粒度模式为三峰态分布（众数分别为36~40、8~10 μm和0.8 μm）,与黄土高原典型黄土的粒度分布模式一致,但明显粗于黄土高原中部黄土。哈尔滨黄土经历了初级的化学风化过程,具有较低的成熟度和再循环历史。单靠地球化学方法不能很好地确定哈尔滨黄土的物源,但整合的方法（包括粒度、元素和同位素组成、MDS和PCA统计方法以及自然地理要素等）很好确定了哈尔滨黄土有一个混合源,松嫩沙地松花江水系沉积物为哈尔滨黄土提供了主要的粉尘贡献,浑善达克沙地和科尔沁沙地为哈尔滨黄土提供了部分细颗粒粉尘。     

上海市三维地质结构调查主要方法、成果及其应用

城市地质调查工作的基础为地质结构调查,本文在已完成的上海市三维地质结构调查的基础上,对城市化地区进行地质结构调查和评价的方法、成果进行了总结,包括城市地质工作部署、调查方法、成果及其应用等,以期为类似城市和本市后续开展的城市地质工作起到借鉴作用.     

基于ArcGIS的开发区土地集约利用评价——以江苏省铜山经济开发区为例

开发区作为城市的特殊经济区域,为地方经济的增长发挥了重要作用,但开发区土地利用中还存在一些问题。开展开发区土地集约利用评价,对促进开发区用地挖潜,提高开发区用地管理水平具有重要意义。该文以江苏铜山经济开发区为例,探讨了基于ArcGIS软件建立数据库,并对开发区土地的集约利用水平进行了评价和潜力测算,最后提出了一些建议。     

The correlations between hardness ratios and fitting parameters in GRB spectrum

In this paper, besides general definition of hardness ratio of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), HR ₃₂, we also presented new definitions of hardness ratios, HR _hl and HR _ll, then presented the results of correlation studies, examining the association between the hardness ratios and the spectral fitting parameters (E ₀ or E _peak, α, β) by using the GRB data observed by BATSE. The HR _hl is defined as the fluence of channel 4 divided by the sum of the fluences of channels 1 to 3,and the HR _ll is defined as the fluence of channel 3 divided by the sum of the fluences of channel 1 and 2. We found that E ₀ and E _peak are correlated with hardness ratios, and β is only correlated with log (HR _hl). The α is not correlated with any hardness ratios in the total sample of GRBs, while it correlated with log (HR _ll) and log (HR ₃₂) in the two subsets seperated at log (HR _ll) = 0.34 ×α +0.66, respectively. These results show that a harder spectra tends to be steeper and has a higher E _peak or E ₀; HR _hl describes the spectral behaviors in high energy, while both of HR _ll and HR ₃₂ reflect the spectral characteristics in low energy; the spectral behaviors in low energy are different for the two subsets. We also presented a brief qualitative analysis discussion to the correlations and suggested that the correlations are caused by both of intrinsic and cosmological effects, but intrinsic effects are dominant. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

试论具有岭南文化特色的广州城市森林的建设

岭南文化作为一种地域文化,其标志和典范是广东文化,广州是岭南文化的中心,其特色须由岭南文化铸就,广州城市森林如何渗透岭南文化,具有独特的岭南风格,对于振兴岭南文化,塑造广州新的形象和风格,形成广州城市特色,具有重要意义,文中分析了广州城市森林实现具有备岭南文化特征的途径,认为根据文化内涵,表现形式和手法,具体体现为五个方面：（１）以营建岭南乡土树种片林为主体;（２）发展岭南园林;（３）引进抽象式园     

淮北煤田孙疃煤矿构造特征及其演化

淮北煤田孙疃煤矿位于童亭背斜东翼中段,为一地层走向近南北的单斜构造,被一系列走向NE的正断层所切割。在系统分析煤矿地质资料基础上,结合淮北煤田区域构造特征,探讨了不同期次构造应力场及其对井田构造的影响,揭示了该矿构造形成机制。研究结果显示:1孙疃井田自北向南可以划分为3个构造分区,各区块小断层具有不同构造特征。2小断层断距与延展长度之间存在线性相关关系,回归直线方程是显著的。3石炭-二叠系含煤地层沉积后,经历了两期较大的构造运动,早燕山期NWW-SEE向强烈挤压作用形成区内共轭断层;晚燕山期NNE-SSW向挤压形成区内NE向的主控断层及大量的小断层。