大九湖泥炭沼泽源铁有机配合物的络合稳定性及其生态环境意义

为了研究泥炭沼泽源铁有机配合物的络合稳定性,利用pH电位滴定法和荧光淬灭滴定法测定了大九湖泥炭沼泽中不同分子量段的DOM和Fe2+、Fe3+的络合稳定常数.pH电位滴定法结果（4.0~6.1）和荧光淬灭滴定法（1.5~4.1）差异较大,这与高pH条件下OH被脱质子化及Fe2+的氧化有关.相对而言,pH滴定法更适用于探究不同分子量段DOM与铁的络合稳定性,荧光淬灭法不改变样品酸碱条件,更适于研究不同价态铁与DOM的络合稳定性.研究结果表明:DOM与Fe3+的络合稳定常数大于Fe2+,低分子量段（< 3 kDa）的DOM与Fe2+、Fe3+的络合稳定常数更大.泥炭沼泽源铁有机配合物具有较好的络合稳定性,分子量相对较小的DOM与铁的络合能力更强.即便Fe2+氧化为Fe3+,仍能与DOM络合并保持较强的稳定性,这有利于陆源溶解性铁向水生态系统的输出.沼泽源铁有机配合物的络合稳定性还会影响铁的生物可利用性.      

An empirical relation for parameter mi in the Hoek–Brown criterion of anisotropic intact rocks with consideration of the minor principal stress and stress-to-weak-plane angle

Acta Geotechnica - The parameter mi accounts for the anisotropy of rock strength, and the accurate determination of mi is a primary requirement of the Hoek–Brown (H–B) strength...     

固体潮观测数据预处理中的常用方法及计算机实现

从地震台站产出的原始地形变前兆数据出发,提出实际操作性较强的预处理方法,从已编制好的软件中给出处理实例,从而提高地震台站观测人员的科研能力,填补资料预处理方面的某些空白,对于地震台站人员集观测、科研于一体有着十分重要的意义。从95-01-02项目厦门地震台前兆数据预处理的实践表明:这些方法取得了明显的实效,直到今天仍然具有很大的使用价值。     

Early solar system aqueous activity: K isotope evidence from Allende

The alkali element K is moderately volatile and fluid mobile; thus, it can be influenced by both primary processes (evaporation and recondensation) in the solar nebula and secondary processes (thermal and aqueous alteration) in the parent body. Since these primary and secondary processes would induce different isotopic fractionations, K isotopes could become a potential tracer to distinguish them. Using recently developed methods with improved precision (0.05‰, 95% confidence interval), we systematically measured the K isotopic compositions and major/trace elemental compositions of chondritic components (18 chondrules, 3 CAIs, 2 matrices, and 5 bulks) in the carbonaceous chondrite fall Allende. Among all the components analyzed in this study, CAIs, which formed initially under high‐temperature conditions in the solar nebula and were dominated by nominally K‐free refractory minerals, have the highest K₂O content (average 0.53 wt%) and have K isotope compositions most enriched in heavy isotopes (δ⁴¹K: ?0.30 to ?0.25‰). Such an observation is consistent with previous petrologic studies that show CAIs in Allende have undergone alkali enrichment during metasomatism. In contrast, chondrules contain lower K₂O content (0.003–0.17 wt%) and generally lighter K isotope compositions (δ⁴¹K: ?0.87‰ to ?0.24‰). The matrix and bulks are nearly identical in K₂O content and K isotope compositions (0.02–0.05 wt%; δ⁴¹K: ?0.62 to ? 0.46‰), which are, as expected, right in the middle of CAIs and chondrules. This strongly indicates that most of the chondritic components of Allende suffered aqueous alteration and their K isotopic compositions are the ramification of Allende parent‐body processing instead of primary nebular signatures. Nevertheless, we propose the small K isotope fractionations observed (< 1‰) among Allende components are likely similar to the overall range of K isotopic fractionation that occurred in nebular environment. Furthermore, the K isotope compositions seen in the components of Allende in this study are consistent with MC‐ICP‐MS analyses of the components in ordinary chondrites, which also show an absence of large (10‰) isotope fractionations. This is not expected as evaporation experiments in nebular conditions suggest there should be large K isotopic fractionations. Nevertheless, possible nebular processes such as chondrules back exchanging with ambient gas when they formed could explain this lack of large K isotopic variation.     

Three new species of Anthomedusae (Hydrozoa: Hydroidomedusa) from the Guangdong coastal water, China

The samples of Anthomedusae were collected from the Guangdong coastal water,China.Three new species of Anthomedusae,i.e.Zhangiella condensum Huang,Zhang et Sun,sp.nov.,Hydractinia leizhouensis Huang,Zhang et Yang,sp.nov.,and Cladosarsia simplex Huang,Zhang et Ke,sp.nov.are described.All type specimens are deposited in College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University.     

水资源约束下的河西走廊城市经济脆弱性时空演变及其影响因素

城市经济脆弱性作为当前脆弱性研究中的重要领域,为人-地系统耦合研究提供了新的视角,并为城市可持续健康发展提供有益的决策支持和管理方法。依据城市经济脆弱性内涵,基于暴露度、敏感性、适应能力构建了城市经济脆弱性评价指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS法评价河西走廊地区及区域内五市的城市经济脆弱性,并采用障碍度模型识别影响区域城市经济脆弱性变化的因素。结果显示：（1）2006—2015年,河西走廊地区城市经济脆弱性呈现出先曲折下降（2006—2011年）再波动上升趋势（2012—2015年）;（2）河西走廊地区的城市经济脆弱性具有明显的空间特征,经历了东西高、中部低到整体较高的演变过程;（3）阻碍河西走廊地区城市经济脆弱性降低的障碍因子由适应能力逐步转变为暴露度。针对河西走廊地区各市主要障碍因子,提出针对性优化措施。     

Interactive Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation and Dissolved Organic Carbon on Phytoplankton Growth and Photosynthesis in Sanya Bay,Northern South China Sea

Ocean Science Journal - The effects of a simulated climate change scenario, i.e., increased ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), on the growth and photosynthesis of...     

Topographical Mapping of a Bare Tidal Flat Outside a Mangrove Area based on the Waterline Method and an Iterative Hydrodynamic Model: A Case Study of Yingluo Bay,South China

A change in the elevation of bare tidal flats outside a mangrove area is an indispensable factor for the sustainable development of mangroves. Waterline extraction, as an effective and economical tool used in reconstructing the terrain of an intertidal zone, has been widely applied to open-coast tidal flats by constructing a digital elevation model (DEM). However, mangrove wetlands are usually located in wave-sheltered sites, such as estuaries and bays that have narrow tidal channels flanked by tidal flats. Changes in water level are affected by the dry-wet processes of complex landforms caused by tides. This article takes as a study case the area of Yingluo Bay, which covers the core region of the Zhanjiang and Shankou National Mangrove National Nature Reserve in southwestern China. Waterline extraction based on seventeen multisource and multispectral satellite images obtained from December 2014 to April 2015, combining the finite-volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) hydrodynamic model in an iterative process, was used to generate a topographical map of the bare tidal flat outside the mangrove area in Yingluo Bay. The quality of the iterative DEMs was evaluated via six transects of a ground-based survey using Real - time kinematic (RKT) GPS in May 2015. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the DEM decreased with an increase in the number of iterations. In this study, the DEM in the third iteration was used as the final output because the difference from the previous iterative DEM satisfied an inversion-stopping criterion. The MAE and RMSE of the final DEM with the measured data were 0.072 and 0.09?m, respectively, without considering small tidal creeks. The method used in this study can be an effective and highly precise approach for detecting and reconstructing the historical terrain of a bare tidal flat outside a mangrove area. This work also has great importance regarding intertidal resource management and the sustainable development of mangroves facing the vulnerable coastal ecological environment.     

巨野煤田彭庄煤矿首采区减少煤损方法简析

山东鲁能菏泽煤电开发有限公司彭庄煤矿位于巨野煤田北部,是巨野煤田7个生产和在建煤矿（包括梁宝寺、彭庄、郭屯、赵楼、龙崮、万福、郓城等煤矿）的第一对投产的矿井。2006年8月开始试生产,2007年3月正式投产。彭庄煤矿2007年底核实保有资源量为12698．9万t,     

Development of MSP430-based ultra-low power expandable underwater acoustic recorder

Reducing overall power consumption is core issue in low power, high sampling rate, large storage data loggers necessary for long-term underwater acoustics research and other applications. A low-power microprocessor MSP430 offers a solution for the development of long-term deployment remote systems. In this paper, we present a multi-MSP430, master-slave architecture to resolve the power limitation issue. The proposed design is scalable in nature. For every additional slave unit installed in the array, the data sampling and streaming rate can be increased proportionally. We demonstrate the advantages of this concept using a multi-channel underwater acoustic recorder with a 100 kHz sampling rate. The performance of the system is demonstrated by a field acoustic experiment in which the reflection coefficient of the seafloor is measured. The proposed architecture will be applicable to many underwater long-term deployment systems. With its flexibility in configuration and synchronization of multi-channel sampling, it also provides a simple architecture for the construction of hydrophone arrays.