东海西湖凹陷保俶斜坡平湖组层序地层分析

根据层序地层学原理,西湖凹陷保俶斜坡始新统平湖组可划分为四个层序。通过分析钻井地层、测井曲线及地层中出现的有孔虫、沟鞭藻化石,对各层序进行了体系域划分。并指出在斜坡带不同部位、不同时期,沉积环境存在着差异,即第Ⅰ层序～第Ⅱ层序平中地区为海湾沉积环境、平北地区为淡化海湾沉积环境;第Ⅲ层序均为期坪～沼泽沉积,但受海侵的程度存在差异;第Ⅳ层序均已演化为河控三角洲环境。     

华北地区重力和地形及其对克拉通破坏深部过程的约束

以重力和地形数据研究现今华北克拉通区域岩石圈热化学结构,探讨华北克拉通破坏过程。首先计算自由空气重力异常、布格重力异常、Airy均衡重力异常;再利用地震学莫霍面观测从地形和布格异常中扣除对应部分,计算残余重力异常及残余地形;最后对残余重力异常进行剩余密度反演。结果表明：1）华北克拉通中、东部存在浮力;2）克拉通东部由温度效应引起的密度负扰动效应略强于化学组分差异引起的密度正扰动;3）现今华北克拉通东部是古老克拉通型地幔和新生正常地幔的混合物,约保留50%~60%古老克拉通地幔成分;4）由重力和密度约束得到的混合地幔结果支持前人提出的多期幕式拆沉的华北克拉通深部破坏过程。     

Using a Simple Soil Column Method to Evaluate Soil Phosphorus Leaching Risk

The impacts of soil P leaching on water eutrophication have widely been concerned. However, there is no dependable method to quantitatively estimate the P leaching risk of soils. In this study, a simple soil column method was developed using two calcareous Fluvisols, silt loam and loam. The soil column was 20 cm in length and 5 cm in diameter, and distilled water was continuously supplied from the top. The volume and dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentrations of leachate were measured. Results showed that DRP concentrations in leachate increased slowly for the low soil Olsen‐P levels but rapidly for the high Olsen‐P levels. According to these two‐phase changes in the DRP versus soil Olsen‐P contents, the thresholds of P leaching risk were estimated to be 41.1 and 62.3 mg P kg^?1 (Olsen‐P) for silt loam and loam, respectively. The P leaching intensity of soils increased by 3‐ to 540‐fold if the soil Olsen‐P contents accumulated from 6.6 to 155.5 mg P kg^?1. The outcomes derived from this study regarding the determination of P leaching threshold and intensity by the soil column method also need a further verification on more soils with a wide range of physical and chemical properties.     

盖州震群的重新定位

辽宁省盖州地区自2012年2月2日开始发生了多次4级地震的震群活动。震群位于北东向的金州断裂北端和北东向海城-营口断裂南端,震群序列整体上呈北西向,即盖州震群并不是发生在北东向的金州断裂北端,很可能发生在金州断裂和海城-营口断裂之间的北西西向构造上。为考察此问题,利用2012年以来辽宁台网盖州地区的地震观测报告,采用双差定位的方法,给出这个地区的小震精定位结果,结果显示盖州震群的确沿北西向分布,且有随时间向北西向展布的态势。且震源深度逐渐变浅。分析认为盖州震群是发生在金州断裂和海城-营口断裂之间的北西向断层上。     

中国南方海相锰矿地质概论

华南地区中－晚元古代，震旦纪－早古生代，晚古生代－早中生代三个地质历史时期的海相锰矿成矿作用，与中国南方古大陆边缘的构造演化同步发展，并受海积海域的边界条件和盆地性质支配；锰的成矿高峰期发生在早震旦世，晚泥盆世，二叠纪和三叠纪。     

Crustal structure beneath the east side of Pearl River Estuary from onshore-offshore seismic experiment

ABSTRACT

The land-sea transition zone in the northern South China Sea (SCS) records important information from the continental rifting to the seafloor spreading. The crustal structure is the key to explore the deep tectonic environment and the evolution of the SCS. In 2015, the onshore-offshore 3D deep seismic experiment was carried out on the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). Explosions and air guns were used as sources on land and at sea respectively in this experiment.Onshore seismic stations and Ocean Bottom Seismographs (OBSs) synchronously recorded the seismic signals. We focus on an onshore-offshore seismic profile (L2, SE-trending) along the eastern side of the PRE. By modelling the seismic travel times, we constructed a P-wave velocity model along the profile. The model shows that the sediment on land is thin and has seismic velocities of 4.5–5.5 km/s. In contrast, thickness of the offshore sediment gradually increases to more than 4.0 km, and the velocities vary between 2.0 km/s and 4.5 km/s. The onshore and offshore crustal velocities are 5.8–6.8 km/s and 5.5–6.8 km/s, respectively. At depth between 15 km and 20 km, a low-velocity layer (LVL; only 5.9 km/s) is detected, pinching out under the Littoral Fault Zone (LFZ). The LVL has probably accommodated the crustal extension beneath the land area, resulting in low extent of the crustal thinning. A slightly uplifted Moho exists beneath the Dongguan fault depression zone, representing a place where hot mantle materials ascend. Localized thickening of the sediments and rapid thinning of the crust characterize the LFZ, and it can be regarded as a tectonic boundary between the South China (SC) with normal continental crust and the northern SCS margin with extended continental crust.     

广东数字遥测地震台网运行维护管理的探索

介绍广东数字遥测地震台网自投入正式观测运行以来,在进行台网系统运行维护、台网规范管理和开展地震科研工作等方面所做的一些探索和取得的一些经验。     

区域数字台网新参数的求解

“九五”期间,广东省地震局在原地震遥测台网的基础上建成了广东数字地震遥测台网(以下称广东台网)。数字地震观测系统的建设使地震记录的存储、分析变得十分方便,宽频带、大动态的数字记录中包含了模拟记录所没有的丰富的信息。台网除了完成日常的监测任务,发挥速报效能外,如何从丰富的地震记录里提炼新的信息,是各台网目前面对的问题。本文以2001年4月阳江4.7级地震为例,从中小地震的震源参数和震源机制的求解方面,介绍了广东台网在提供新参数方面所做的一些工作。