Metallogenesis of superlarge gold deposits in Jiaodong region and deep processes of subcontinental lithosphere beneath North China Craton in Mesozoic

The study of ore-forming chronology indicates that the superlarge gold deposits in the Jiaodong region were formed in 120±10 Ma. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions from typical gold deposits suggest that ore-forming materials were derived from the multisources, mantle component was partly involved in mineralization, the deep dynamic processes are the major geological background of large-scale metallogenesis in the Jiaodong region in Mesozoic. The deep processes mainly include the effect of post deep-subduction of continental crust of the central orogen belt and the distant effect of subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate underneath the Eurasian continent. However, lithosphere thinning, crust-mantle interaction, crustal extension and formation of large-type ore-controlling structures would be the comprehensive consequences of the above-mentioned geodynamic processes in the region.     

青藏高原北部古近系新建岩石地层单位——祖尔肯乌拉山组

将青藏高原北部祖尔肯乌拉山一带,广泛分布的一套近水平熔岩被状产出的、同位素年龄为古近纪始新世中晚期的中酸性熔岩(岩性主要为安粗岩、粗面岩、橄榄玄粗岩夹火山角砾岩),新建为正式组级岩石地层单位祖尔肯乌拉山组,指定了正层型和副层型剖面,并进行了详细描述。     

秦岭佛坪变质结晶岩系年龄和物质组成特征——SHRIMP锆英石U-Pb年代学和全岩Sm-Nd年代学数据

秦岭是长期多阶段发展的复杂大陆碰撞造山带。本文报道了位于造山带中部佛坪变质结晶杂岩系的SHRIMP锆英石U-Pb年龄和全岩Sm-Nd年龄同位素分析结果。变质岩SHRIMP锆英石U-Pb年龄十分复杂，除有少量太古宇形成的锆英石外，还存在大量元古宇至显生宇的锆英石。并在2000Ma，1200Ma，800Ma，400Ma，200Ma左右形成峰期。片麻岩Nd模式年龄tDM 1372～2081Ma。佛坪变质结晶岩系主体可能形成于古元古代，年龄2000Ma左右。在后期强烈地质作用中有少量地幔物质加入。岩系形成于新太古代的意见笔者没有得到证实。秦岭造山带中部可能存在或存在过太古宙结晶基底岩石。     

长江口及邻近海域有毒藻类和赤潮毒素的本底调查

2004年～2005年在长江口及邻近海域曾发生有毒赤潮13起,约占赤潮总数的15%,引发赤潮的有毒赤潮生物包括链状亚历山大藻(Alexandrium catenella)、红色裸甲藻(Gymnodinium sanguineum)、米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)和环状异甲藻(Heterocapsa circularisquama),其中曾造成严重危害的有米氏凯伦藻和环状异甲藻。通过连续2年的四季本底调查结果表明,该海域存在多种有毒藻类,主要包括产麻痹性贝毒(PSP)的链状亚历山大藻、塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense),产腹泻性贝毒(DSP)的具尾鳍藻(Dinophysis caudata)、倒卵形鳍藻(Dinophysis fortii);产记忆缺失性贝毒(ASP)的尖刺拟菱形藻(Pseudo-Nitzschia pungens)、多列拟菱形藻(Pseudo-Nitzschia multiseries)和多纹拟菱形藻(Pseudo-Nitzschia multistriata);其它有毒有害藻类包括红色裸甲藻、环状异甲藻、米氏凯伦藻等。有毒藻类种类5、6月份较多,产腹泻性贝毒(DSP)和产记忆缺失性贝毒(ASP)的有毒藻类常年均在该海域出现,这些有毒有害藻类多数密度并不高。与有毒藻类监测同步开展了赤潮毒素检测,长江口贝类赤潮毒素检出时段主要集中在5～6和8～9月份,PSP和DSP检出率分别在5%和12%左右,敏感种类为养殖的紫贻贝,未检出记忆缺失性贝毒。针对目前赤潮的危害中由有毒藻类和赤潮毒素造成的危害较大,建议在长江口贝类养殖海域开展的有毒藻类监测计划,以确保贝类水产品食用安全。     

琼州海峡余流场季节性变化特征

本文通过利用多年的琼州海峡海流实测资料,研究了琼州海峡潮余流场的季节性变化特征。结果表明该水域全年余流方向总趋势是由东向西的,这和以往研究结论不同:许多研究者认为,夏季受西南季风影响,水体输运方向是由北部湾指向南海的。本文还对其夏季水体输运机制进行了分析。     

保定市一亩泉漏斗区地下水水化学特征演变及驱动机制解析

笔者等在对比分析一亩泉漏斗区地下水开采前—开采中—压采全过程地下水水化学特征基础上,综合利用数理统计分析、离子比例分析、水文地球化学模拟技术,揭示了漏斗区地下水水化学特征演化规律,解析了水化学特征演变驱动机制。结果表明,研究区地下水水化学特征演化表现出阶段性,在开采初期至压采初期,水化学类型、TDS、总硬度保持稳定,水化学类型以HCO^-₃—Ca²⁺·Mg²⁺型为主;在漏斗恢复期地下水水化学类型种类增多,TDS和总硬度显著增大,表现出向盐化和硬化方向演化趋势;1960～2010年研究区地下水水化学成分主要受脱白云石化作用、阳离子交换作用控制,呈自然演化规律;2010年以后,在漏斗恢复背景下,包气带中水岩相互作用过程加剧,地下水水化学演变受溶滤作用和离子交换作用控制,人类活动对地下水水化学特征的影响逐渐显现。研究结果可为漏斗区地下水保护与修复提供科学依据。     

地浸采铀矿山地下水环境修复研究进展

地浸采铀技术已成为世界采铀的主流工艺,采区退役后地下水环境修复亦为人们所关注的热点。文章简要介绍了碱法、中性和酸法三种典型地浸采铀技术的特点,系统分析了地浸采铀对地下水环境的影响,并以酸法地浸铀矿山地下水环境修复技术为例,重点介绍了物理化学修复技术和生物修复技术及其原理与应用,归纳总结了其优缺点,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。指出下一步应加强在酸性与氧化环境中能使铀固定并长期稳定的新技术,高活性、强适应性修复菌群的选育、驯化技术,地下水异位-原位协同生物修复技术,以及放射性核素及重金属在铀矿地浸地下水环境中的吸附-解吸、氧化-还原、溶解-沉淀等行为与机理及其主控因素等方面的研究。     

Advanced prediction of tunnel boring machine performance based on big data

Predicting the performance of a tunneling boring machine is vitally important to avoid any possible accidents during tunneling boring.The prediction is not straightforward due to the uncertain geological conditions and the complex rock-machine interactions.Based on the big data obtained from the 72.1 km long tunnel in the Yin-Song Diversion Project in China,this study developed a machine learning model to predict the TBM performance in a real-time manner.The total thrust and the cutterhead torque during a stable period in a boring cycle was predicted in advance by using the machine-returned parameters in the rising period.A long short-term memory model was developed and its accuracy was evaluated.The results show that the variation in the total thrust and cutterhead torque with various geological conditions can be well reflected by the proposed model.This real-time predication shows superior performance than the classical theoretical model in which only a single value can be obtained based on the single measurement of the rock properties.To improve the accuracy of the model a filtering process was proposed.Results indicate that filtering the unnecessary parameters can enhance both the accuracy and the computational efficiency.Finally,the data deficiency was discussed by assuming a parameter was missing.It is found that the missing of a key parameter can significantly reduce the accuracy of the model,while the supplement of a parameter that highly-correlated with the missing one can improve the prediction.     

Landslide identification using machine learning

Landslide identification is critical for risk assessment and mitigation.This paper proposes a novel machinelearning and deep-learning method to identify natural-terrain landslides using integrated geodatabases.First,landslide-related data are compiled,including topographic data,geological data and rainfall-related data.Then,three integrated geodatabases are established;namely,Recent Landslide Database(Rec LD),Relict Landslide Database(Rel LD)and Joint Landslide Database(JLD).After that,five machine learning and deep learning algorithms,including logistic regression(LR),support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF),boosting methods and convolutional neural network(CNN),are utilized and evaluated on each database.A case study in Lantau,Hong Kong,is conducted to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.From the results of the case study,CNN achieves an identification accuracy of 92.5%on Rec LD,and outperforms other algorithms due to its strengths in feature extraction and multi dimensional data processing.Boosting methods come second in terms of accuracy,followed by RF,LR and SVM.By using machine learning and deep learning techniques,the proposed landslide identification method shows outstanding robustness and great potential in tackling the landslide identification problem.     

物业管理区域图测绘及实景三维建模——以武汉市为例

构建社区现代物业管理综合服务平台,创新社会管理服务模式已成为当前社会管理的重要内容。物业管理区域是社区物业的一个最基本单元,物业管理区域图测绘是一项系统工程,它涉及不动产的诸多物权法法律问题?标准化、规范化的物业管理区域图测绘有利于为房产行政管理部门履行职能,服务社会提供强有力的技术支撑。本文根据武汉市物业管理有关规定,探索性地推出物业管理区域图测绘及实景三维建模?并就有关技术问题进行探讨。