全国大范围多(少)雨型的划分及环境场特点分析

利用1951～2002年全国160个站的夏季降水量资料,以全国大范围多雨和少雨为基本出发点,利用星座法和降水距平优势概率法,将全国夏季降水分为全国大范围多雨型和大范围少雨型两大类.在分型的基础上,对大范围多雨型和大范围少雨型的环境场特点及前兆信号进行了初步分析.     

Object-oriented implementation of 3D DC adaptive finite-element method

In this paper, we introduced a clear object-oriented framework to implement the complicated adaptive procedure with C ++ programming language. In this framework, it consisted of the unstructured mesh generation, a-posterior error estimating, adaptive strategy, and the postprocessing. Unlike the procedure-oriented framework, which is commonly used in DC resistivity modeling with FORTRAN language, the object-oriented one, which is famous for its characteristic of encapsulation, could be used for a class of problems that would be executed by only making some changes on the user interface. To validate its flexibility, two synthetic DC examples were tested here.     

Phosphorus distribution in the sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake,Lake Chaohu,China

In this study, the sediment profiles of total phosphorus (TP), inorganic phosphorus (P_i), organic phosphorus (P_o), C/P and N/P were used to investigate time-dependent P distribution changes in Lake Chaohu. The characteristics of P_i and P_o fractions in the surface sediments were studied and the difference between east and west lake region was also discussed. The P_i and P_o contents displayed a clear gradient from east to west in sediments of Lake Chaohu, and the P_o/P ratios were lower in sediments with industrial and urban pollution sources input in west lake region. The study indicated that different sediments area had diverse concentrations and distributions of P_o fractions due to their different drainage basin and pollution sources. The profile distribution of the C/P and N/P ratios decreased with increasing depths and stayed relatively constant ratios at the depths of 15–30 cm. The C/P and N/P ratios were always below Redfield ratios in sediment profile, indicating P enrichment but likely due to the preferential loss of carbon in respect to phosphorus. The rank order of P_i-fractions extracted was HCl-P_i > NaOH-P_i > NaHCO₃-P_i in surface sediments. The relative distribution of NaHCO₃-P_i and HCl-P_i was in agreement with the trophic conditions of the regions studied. Among the sequentially extracted P_o forms, the rank order of P_o fractions was residual P_o > HCl-P_o > fulvic acid-P > humic acid-P > NaHCO₃-P_o, with mean relative proportion of 5.4:3.4:2.2:1.1:1.0.     

基于EMD和RBF神经网络的大坝形变预测

利用长期观测数据结合预测模型对大坝的形变趋势进行估计评价是大坝结构安全监测的必要内容。本文综合利用EMD和RBF神经网络,研究大坝变形时间序列中非线性周期信号变化的内在规律,使用西龙池L022号站4000期数据作为训练样本,对后续80期数据进行预测,并通过对预测结果与实测变形差值的统计分析评价本文方法的预测水平。结果表明,N、E、U 3个方向的RMSE分别为0.878 6、0.360 4和2.235 mm。与BP进行对比,RBF预测效果更好,受数据精度影响较小,MAE、RMSE较BP分别最高可提高63%、57%,且本文方法计算效率高,泛化能力强。     

3D finite-element modeling of Earth induced electromagnetic field and its potential applications for geomagnetic satellites

Science China Earth Sciences - The accumulated large amount of satellite magnetic data strengthen our capability of resolving the electrical conductivity of Earth’s mantle. To invert these...     

水平多层介质上水平电偶源频率电磁测深的阻抗实部等效电阻率

本文讨论了水平电偶源频率电磁测深中阻抗实部等效电阻率的具体定义和算法。用该方法计算的等效电阻率是电磁响应的单值函数,并极大地改善了视电阻率随频率变化的关系曲线,能直观地反映出地电断面随深度的客观变化,数值较接近地层真电阻率,且接近速度很快,假极值效应明显压低。数值计算和实际应用表明该方法是灵活、可行的,可很好地消除频率电磁测深中波区视电阻率曲线在非波区的畸变效应。     

频率域电磁测深资料处理软件包

本文利用混合语言编程技术,设计编制了频率域电磁测深资料处理程序包,描述了程序各功能模块的基本功能,给出了利用该软件包对实际数据处理的例子。     

A Spatiotemporal Interactive Processing Bias Correction Method for Operational Ocean Wave Forecasts

Numerical models and correct predictions are important for marine forecasting,but the forecasting results are often unable to satisfy the requirements of operational wave forecasting.Because bias between the predictions of numerical models and the actual sea state has been observed,predictions can only be released after correction by forecasters.This paper proposes a spati-otemporal interactive processing bias correction method to correct numerical prediction fields applied to the production and release of operational ocean wave forecasting products.The proposed method combines the advantages of numerical models and Forecast Discussion;specifically,it integrates subjective and objective information to achieve interactive spatiotemporal correc-tions for numerical prediction.The method corrects the single-time numerical prediction field in space by spatial interpolation and sub-zone numerical analyses using numerical model grid data in combination with real-time observations and the artificial judg-ment of forecasters to achieve numerical prediction accuracy.The difference between the original numerical prediction field and the spatial correction field is interpolated to an adjacent time series by successive correction analysis,thereby achieving highly efficient correction for multi-time forecasting fields.In this paper,the significant wave height forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts are used as background field for forecasting correction and analysis.Results indicate that the proposed method has good application potential for the bias correction of numerical predictions under different sea states.The method takes into account spatial correlations for the numerical prediction field and the time series development of the numerical model to correct numerical predictions efficiently.