山东金青顶金矿床黄铁矿标型特征及找矿意义

通过黄铁矿标型特征的研究,探讨了金青顶金矿床黄铁矿晶形、微量元素的含量、物性的变化规律、及其对深部探矿的指导意义。     

赣北程浪断裂带的形成:程浪超基性岩墙群和星子花岗岩的地球化学证据

对侵位于彭庐地块东南边缘与程浪断裂带毗邻的前寒武纪花岗岩和出露于程浪深断裂带内的超基性岩墙群的微量元素地球化学特征进行了研究,结果表明前者属板内与岛弧环境的过渡类型,后者代表典型的火山岛弧环境。结合前人在区域构造和地质年代学的研究成果,认为晋宁运动时期,扬子板块东南缘散布着多个小型块体,在华夏板块向扬子板块方向的俯冲过程中,障公山地块先与彭庐地块沿程浪断裂带发生拼合,同时形成程浪超基性岩墙群;与此同时,彭庐地块内则表现为大规模的岩浆侵入作用。在各小型块体陆续发生碰撞后,扬子板块与华夏板块在晋宁运动晚期最终碰撞拼合,火山岛弧环境转换为造山带构造,因此,彭庐地块、障公山地块等火山岛弧均成为华南造山带的组成部分。     

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床金矿地质特征及成矿作用

甲玛铜多金属矿床按照赋矿岩石不同,共包含产于矽卡岩中的与铜共生的金矿(化)体、产于板岩-角岩中的脉状金矿(化)体、产于大理岩中的脉状金矿(化)体以及产于玢(斑)岩脉中的独立金矿(化)体4种金矿化类型。矽卡岩中的金矿化较强,全矿区金品位×厚度基本都大于1 m.g/t,存在多个富金块段;板岩中金矿化主要分布在矿区外围破碎细粒黄铁矿化硅化板岩中,角岩中金矿(化)体以富含雄黄、雌黄为特征;大理岩中金矿化较弱,矿(化)体通常呈透镜状产出;玢(斑)岩中金矿化主要产于岩脉中的石英脉内。矿石中金的赋存状态主要以独立矿物和类质同像形式存在。独立矿物形式的金以自然金、银金矿存在于铜矿物、石英、黄铁矿等载金矿物内;类质同像形式的金主要存在于以斑铜矿、黄铜矿为代表的铜矿物中。金矿物赋存状态以粒间金、包裹金为主,其次为连生金和裂隙金。笔者以甲玛铜多金属矿床金的地质特征、分布规律及赋存状态为研究基础,推测甲玛金成矿作用与幔源C-H-O流体有关,并初步建立了甲玛铜多金属矿床金成矿模型。此外,提出了运用模型开展区域及矿区下一步找矿工作的建议。     

地质统计学在东天山化探信息提取中的应用

地球化学场和地球物理场都具有一定的空间结构性和空间自相关性,而揭示这种空间相关性的有力工具是变差函数。利用变差函数对东天山的1∶20万区域地球化学数据Cu和Au进行了结构分析。结果表明：两元素在东西方向有着较好的稳定性和连续性,南北方向有较大的变化性并具有一定的线性漂移,总体呈现带状异常,与东天山EW方向大断裂具有很好的一致性。利用泛克里格法对Cu、Au进行了异常信息的提取和评价,泛克里格法提取的剩余异常不仅能突出高异常区,也较清晰地反映了部分低缓异常带,为研究区域化探异常分布特征提供了丰富的信息。     

模型反演折射静校正方法及软件技术

本文叙述了模型反演折射静校正的一般原理。首先介绍了折射初至波的自动拾取,其次介绍了最佳拟合旅行时反演。在软件实现中本文提出了几项技术包括提高初至拾取的准确率及初至结果的质量评价,如何使系统对不同地震数据格式具有通用性;静校效果的初步评估。本文的方法和技术在实际生产应用中广泛使用。     

会理—东川坳拉槽对铜多金属成矿的控制

本文在论述会理—东川坳拉槽的地质构造特征和主要铜矿床类型的基础上,着重指出坳拉槽火山活动、生长断裂、次级局限盆地、富铜地幔及坳拉槽构造演化阶段与坳拉槽沿走向地壳类型变化是控制铜多金属成矿的主要构造因素。     

南华砷铊矿床元素地球化学和成矿模式

南华砷铊矿床位于云南省南华县城东南,北距县城５５ｋｍ。矿床产于上侏罗统江边组雄黄厂段（Ｊ３＾１ｃ）,以砷和铊元素组合为特征,属于典型的低温热液改造矿床。通过矿床地质、稀土元素和成矿模式的研究,对矿床成矿作用进行讨论。卤素,尤其氯是铊富集成矿的矿化剂,铊价态变化在富集成矿过程中具有重要作用。成矿流体是具有Ｃｅ和Ｅｕ负异常的酸性溶液,基本保留了矿源层的稀土分布模式。在成矿过程中亲石元素和亲硫元素均不同     

Investigation on Snow Characteristics and Their Distribution in China

The background, scientific objective, investigation contents and scheme of project “Investigation on snow characteristics and their distribution in China” was introduced in this paper. The general objective of the investigation is to build comprehensive and systematic database of snow characteristics in China, at the service of providing data for the climate change, water resource and snow disaster studies. The investigation will be performed on the three fields including the compilation of historical data, in situ measurement of snow characteristics in the typical regions, and investigation of snow characteristics using remote sensing methods. For the compilation of historical data, the historical snow data from the meteorological stations and research institutes will be firstly collected, and then they will be compiled based on a standard rule. In situ observation will be performed at point, line and area-scale on the typical regions which include Northeast region, Xinjiang Degion, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The observation content will contain snow depth, snow density, snow water equivalent, snow particle shape, hardness of snowpack surface, liquid water content, grain size, snow temperature, snow/soil temperature, dielectric constant, and some chemical parameters. These snow characteristics are the priority information used for the modification of retrieval algorithm on snow parameters. Remote sensing methods will be used to build long-time series of snow cover, snow albedo and snow water equivalent datasets based on these modified algorithms. Finally, the snow characteristics from both in situ and remote sensing investigation will be used to classify snow types in China, and produce distribution maps of snow characteristic and other thematic maps.     

青藏高原东南缘芒康地区河流地貌演化的磷灰石U-Th/He记录

青藏高原东南缘地处印度与欧亚板块碰撞侧向逃逸的特殊构造部位,地势起伏相对较缓,形成三江并流的独特地貌格局.然而,对于东南缘大尺度地形地貌形成机制与水系演化的认识仍存在很大的分歧.本文获得的澜沧江流域芒康地区5个基岩样品磷灰石U-Th/He年龄表明该地区在早-中中新世(23～15Ma)经历了一次区域性冷却事件,且冷却速率在5Ma期间从40℃/Ma降低到28℃/Ma以下.目前可获得的青藏高原东缘-东南缘的低温年代学数据表明:尽管川西-藏东-滇北一带具有相似地貌特征,但高海拔、低起伏地貌面的形成是穿时性的,不能将它作为一个区域上连续的等时面来计算和探讨一个统一的区域抬升启动时间;三江地区地形属于非稳态的过渡型地形,尤其芒康-左贡地区剥蚀速率的差异比较清晰地展示了澜沧江流域地形演化处于非稳态期.此外,河流下切是塑造澜沧江流域的地形地貌主要驱动力之一:干流的侵蚀速率远远高于支流的侵蚀速率;河流下切强烈的地区(如德钦)对应的侵蚀速率及地形起伏度都较大,芒康地区微弱的地形起伏度取决于较低的侵蚀速率.第三纪以来的印度-欧亚板块碰撞导致青藏高原崛起的同时,也对周边尤其藏东南三江地区的地形地貌塑造及气候变化产生重大的影响.     

Cellinoid Shape Model for Asteroids

The ellipsoid shape model plays an important role in physical research on asteroids. However, its symmetric structure cannot practically simulate real asteroids. This article applies a general shape model, named the cellinoid, instead of the ellipsoid model to simulate the asymmetric shape of asteroids. The cellinoid shape model consists of eight octants of ellipsoids having different semi-axes, with the constraint that adjacent octants must have two equal semi-axes in common. Totally, the shape of the cellinoid model is controlled by six parameters, not three as in the case of the shape of the ellipsoid. Using this shape model, the brightness of asteroids observed from the Earth can be fitted numerically by the surface triangularization of the cellinoid. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is also employed here to solve a nonlinear minimization problem. Owing to the asymmetric shape of the cellinoid, the physical parameters of asteroids, such as the rotation period and pole orientation, can be fitted more accurately than in the case of the ellipsoid model. Finally, this is confirmed numerically by applying the shape to both synthetic light curves and real light curves of asteroids. Additionally, the center of mass and moment of inertia of the cellinoid are analyzed explicitly.