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981.
淮河流域持续性强降水过程的环流变化特征 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
利用淮河流域4省20:00-次日20:00逐日降水量资料,界定了1961-2006年淮河流域持续性强降水过程,并利用NCEP资料,应用合成分析方法对强降水过程和前期环流特征进行了研究。结果表明,从持续性强降水开始之前到强降水过程中乌拉尔山附近阻高减弱,贝加尔湖以北到鄂霍次克海附近的阻高偏强;西太平洋副热带高压在500hPa上表现为西伸北抬,但在850hPa上西伸明显,基本无北抬;南亚高压范围明显扩大,尤其是淮河流域以北地区200hPa高度明显增大,在中国东部到日本上空200hPa急流中心也有明显变化。850hPa西南急流的建立与西太平洋副热带高压的西伸有关,同时乌拉尔山附近高压减弱,冷空气南下,东西气压梯度增大也有利于西南急流的建立。 相似文献
982.
Yang Zhao Deliang Chen Jiao Li Dandan Chen Yi Chang Juan Li Rui Qin 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(5):2713-2730
This study investigates the roles of atmospheric moisture transport under the influence of topography for summer extreme precipitation over North China (NC) during 1979–2016. Based on rain gauge precipitation data and a reanalysis, 38 extreme precipitation days in NC during the 38 years were selected and associated moisture fluxes estimated. The results show that there is a dominant moisture influx of 311.8 kg m−1 s−1 into NC along its southern boundary from tropical oceans, and a secondary influx of 107.9 kg m−1 s−1 across its western boundary carried by mid-latitude westerlies. The outflux across the eastern boundary is 206.9 kg m−1 s−1 and across the northern boundary is 76.0 kg m−1 s−1, giving a net moisture gain over NC of 136.8 kg m−1 s−1. During extreme precipitation days, the moisture flux convergence (MFC) was much larger, exceeding 4 × 10−5 kg m−1 s−1. The MFC maximum core, the pronounced moisture transport, and the striking extreme precipitation zone over NC are all anchored to the east of the steep slopes of the surrounding topography. Moreover, a remarkably high humidity and strong upward motion also occur near steep slopes, indicating the critical role of the adjacent topography on the extreme precipitations. Simulations with and without the topography in NC using the Weather and Research Forecasting model for six selected out of the 38 extreme precipitation days demonstrate that the surrounding topography reinforces the MFC over NC by 16% relative to the case without terrain, primarily through enhanced wind convergence and higher moisture content, as well as stronger vertical motion induced by diabatic heating. The interactions between moisture convergence and topographic settings strengthen the extreme precipitation over NC. 相似文献
983.
利用NCEP NCAR提供的OLR和气象要素场再分析资料 ,对 2 0 0 3年 6~ 7月淮河流域特大暴雨期间西南季风和东亚季风以及热带低纬地区环流的异常特征及其对梅雨暴雨的贡献进行了分析。结果表明 ,暴雨期间 ,长江流域附近地区维持准稳定的比常年明显偏强的南风带 ,北方冷空气亦比常年偏强 ;三次强降雨过程 ,低层均表现为稳定的强南风与阶段性增强的偏北气流的经向辐合。三次强降水过程中有两次 ,来自西北太平洋的东南气流的水汽输送占主导地位。异常环流分析表明 ,淮河流域强降雨时段 ,东南亚季风和南海季风异常偏弱 ;赤道西北太平洋地区东风气流比常年同期异常偏强。诊断分析认为 ,高原东部和南部地区对流活动比常年同期偏弱 ,80~1 1 5°E地区越赤道气流比常年异常偏弱 ,可能是西南季风异常偏弱原因。而偏强的WAKER环流可能是西北太平洋地区低纬地区东风异常偏强的原因。另外 ,印度尼西亚地区低层气流辐合异常偏强有利于副高的稳定和加强 ,进而使我国东南部地区长时间维持强异常偏强的东南气流 ,从而为淮河流域的持续暴雨提供了源源不断的来自南海和西北太平洋的暖湿气流 相似文献
984.
Characterizing the winter concurrent variation patterns of the subtropical and polar-front jets over East Asia
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In this study, the concurrent variation relationships between the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) and polar-front jet (PFJ) over the East Asian land mass in the winter season on different timescales are identified and the impacts of the jet concurrent variation patterns on the atmospheric circulation in mid–high latitude regions and climate anomalies in China are examined, using NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data and observational data. The major variability modes of the winter upper-level wind field on interannual timescales are characterized by the meridional shift of the PFJ and out-of-phase variation in the intensity of the subtropical jet and PFJ. On subseasonal and synoptic timescales, the concurrent variation relationships can be categorized into four configuration patterns: a strong (weak) subtropical jet accompanied by a weak (strong) PFJ, or a strong (weak) subtropical jet with a strong (weak) PFJ. The out-ofphase variation [i.e., a stronger (weaker) EASJ and weaker (stronger) PFJ] is found to be more common than the inphase variation [i.e., a stronger (weaker) EASJ and stronger (weaker) PFJ]. These concurrent variation relationships represent the integral structure and variation features of the atmospheric general circulation over East Asia, and have significant impacts on the weather and climate. The strong subtropical jet/weak PFJ (weak subtropical jet/strong PFJ) pattern leads to anomalous negative (positive) geopotential height in midlatitude regions and favors cold (warm) conditions, and positive (negative) rainfall anomalies in southern China. For both strong jet configurations, the geopotential height anomaly in the mid–high latitudes shows a northwest–southeast tilted dipole pattern, resulting in northern warm–southern cold temperature anomalies, and positive rainfall anomalies in southern China. For both weak jet situations, positive geopotential height anomalies dominate the East Asian area, and warm conditions occur over most areas in China, corresponding to less negative rainfall anomalies in southern China. The complicated rainfall and temperature anomaly patterns in China can be explained by the concurrent variation relationships between the two jets. A close relationship may exist between the synoptic-scale transient eddy activity (STEA) and the intensity of jet streams, especially for the PFJ. Significantly reduced (strengthened) STEA over the polar-front area is intimately associated with a decreased (increased) intensity of the PFJ. 相似文献
985.
采用EOF分析、气候突变分析、最大熵谱分析、倾向率等多种方法,对河南省1961-2005年的年平均气温进行时空特征分析,结果表明:河南省年平均气温空间分布由南向北递减;第一主分量代表了河南省年平均气温变化的时空特征,显示出全省气温变化具有高度的一致性;1994年为气温变化的突变点,其后气温增温明显;时间序列具有4 a、5.5 a、2.4 a的变化周期。 相似文献
986.
987.
988.
Wang T Lu Y Chen C Naile JE Khim JS Park J Luo W Jiao W Hu W Giesy JP 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(8):1905-1914
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in water, sediment, soil, and biota collected from estuarine and coastal areas of the north Bohai Sea, China, were determined by use of HPLC-MS/MS. Significant concentrations of PFCs were found in water (mean: 18.4 ng/l) and biologic samples (fish: 265 ng/g dw), while concentrations of PFCs in soils and sediments were less. The predominately detected compound was perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), with a maximum concentration of 30.9 ng/l in water and 791 ng/g dw in fish. Concentrations of PFCs were significantly greater in the Liaohe River system than other locations, which suggests point sources in this urbanized and industrialized region. PFOS concentrations in water and biota were both less than the reported threshold concentrations. Detection of PFCs at relatively great concentrations in various environmental matrices from this region suggested that further studies characterizing concentrations of PFCs, their sources and potential risk to both humans and wildlife are needed. 相似文献
989.
地震序列类型,地震序列b值与地震大形势关系初探 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
根据最大地震与次大地震震级差将地震序列划分为孤立型,主余型,双震型和多震型4种。通过我国大陆143个序列划分结果,孤立型占14%,主余型占59%,双震型占13%,多震型占14%,地震序列b值与主震震级和序列类型有关,在类型要同的情况下主震震级越大序列b值越高,在主震震级相近的序列中孤立型序列b值最小,主余型和双震型居中且差别不大,多震型b值在7级和6级地震序列中最大的,根据实验结果探讨了序列b值变 相似文献
990.