冀东峪耳崖金矿床金属矿物特征及其组合意义

峪耳崖金矿床是冀东地区重要的金矿床之一.研究峪耳崖金矿床中金属矿物成分的变化及元素赋存状态,对了解矿床的形成机制及指导找矿具有重要意义.本次工作应用光学显微镜和电子探针(EPMA)对峪耳崖金矿床中的金属矿物进行了研究,并应用氢、氧及硫同位素分析对峪耳崖金矿床的成矿热液来源及硫源进行了探讨.该矿床的载金矿物有石英、黄铁矿、碲铋矿,金矿物为银金矿.其中,黄铁矿的w(S)平均为52.34％,与理论值相比,其普遍亏硫,显示出成矿与热液有关.碲铋矿是本次工作重点研究的载金矿物,与金的产出具关联性.被碲铋矿包裹的银金矿的w(Au)要高于被黄铁矿包裹的银金矿的w(Au).据氢、氧及硫同位素测试结果认为,峪耳崖金矿床的热液来源主要为岩浆水,硫来自深部岩浆源.结合黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、碲铋矿和银金矿等的矿物学特征及组合意义推断,峪耳崖金矿床为中-深成中温岩浆热液矿床,并认为其深部找矿可关注Te、Bi富集异常的区段.     

西准噶尔博什库尔-成吉斯火山弧早石炭世火山岩的确立及构造意义

博什库尔-成吉斯火山弧中的黑山头组分布于西准噶尔谢米斯台山西缘,主要为一套火山碎屑岩-中酸性火山岩组合,其中酸性火山岩主要为安山岩、碎裂岩化安山岩、英安岩。通过对黑山头组中的英安岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得其年龄为(331±2.4)Ma(n=13,MSWD=0.39,95%置信度),时代为早石炭世。证实博什库尔-成吉斯火山弧岩浆活动在早泥盆世以后并未完全结束,并延续到了早石炭世。     

安徽马鞍山高村采场矿坑地下水疏干预测

根据马鞍山高村铁矿露天采场矿区地质及水文地质特征,对矿区的基岩裂隙地下水系统进行概化。结合高村采矿场历史疏干资料和观测孔的地下水动态观测资料,建立了矿区地下水水流模型。然后按照露天采场的开采计划,论证矿坑地下水疏干对策,分别对2个开采规划期进行地下水疏干预测,为安全开采和经济有效地防治地下水提供设计依据。     

Halloysite nanotubes as hydrogen storage materials

The hydrogen adsorption capacities of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), subjected to different treatments, were investigated at room temperature. The three different treatments included thermal, acid, and palladium modification. The hydrogen adsorption capacity of the HNTs was 0.436 % at 2.63 MPa and 298 K whereas those of the thermally treated HNTs, palladium-modified HNTs (Pd-HNTs), and acid-treated HNTs (A-HNTs), under the same conditions, were 0.263, 1.143, and 1.371 %, respectively. The hydrogen adsorption capacities of both HNTs and treated HNTs are among the highest values reported in the literature so far. Large surface areas were advantageous in promoting hydrogen adsorption via a physisorption mechanism, which was directly related to the aluminosilicate structure of HNTs. It was also possible to enhance the hydrogen adsorption capacity through a chemisorption or spillover mechanism by modifying HNTs with Pd. The HNTs and treated HNTs show potential as physisorption-based mediums for hydrogen storage at room temperature, in particular HNTs and A-HNTs show excellent stability and high hydrogen adsorption capacities.     

中国城市土地绿色利用效率驱动因素及空间分异

以2009—2018年中国285个地级及以上城市为研究对象,测算各城市的城市土地绿色利用效率,对其驱动因素的空间异质性进行探究与分区。结果表明：① 城市土地绿色利用效率总体呈波动上升趋势,集聚特征显著,省际、省内差异明显;区域上,呈现西部＞东部＞中部的格局;规模等级上,随着城市规模等级降低而递增。② 城市土地绿色利用效率是众多因素交互驱动的结果,且各驱动因素均具有明显的空间异质性特征,呈现出空间带状或片状分布规律。③ 根据城市土地绿色利用效率驱动因素的空间异质性特征,可划分为产业结构高级化、环境规制和科技投入水平主导的东南地区;生态资源禀赋主导的华北地区;经济发展水平、城市空间集聚主导的西南地区;土地市场化主导的西北地区;人口集聚、土地财政、基础设施水平主导的东北地区。未来应因城施策、因地制宜,采取差异化的措施来提升城市土地绿色利用效率。     

雷电信息处理及产品制作与发布系统

雷电信息资料在科研和实际应用中具有非常重要的作用,如雷电灾害的区域划分、雷电灾害评估和雷电的预警预报等.各地方对相关的雷电信息资料使用还处于起步阶段,从使用情况看离实际业务需要还有明显的距离.为了充分利用大量雷电业务相关数据为防雷科技服务,使用Delphi 7.0作为开发工具,Firebird作为后台数据库,研制了基于TatukGIS和Google map的雷电信息处理及产品制作与发布系统.该系统采用图表、密度图、GIS专题图等多种方式,实现了闪电定位数据的实时显示、历史数据查询以及闪电密度[图绘制;根据人工观测雷暴日资料更新雷暴日数据库,可分析雷暴时空分布特征、气候倾向率等;实时接收大气电场仪数据,并可实现图形显示和详细数据列表查看;实现雷灾数据实时上报并同时入库,可对雷灾数据按行业、损失等进行专题图制作,并叠加于GIS地图之上;地图显示各防雷检测单位,可查看详细信息和检测报告;同时实现了基于雷电信息统计分析结果的雷电业务产品的制作与发布,为防雷业务和科研工作提供可靠的技术支撑.     

Assessment of soil radon potential in Hong Kong, China, using a 10-point evaluation system

Radon and its progenies have been ranked second of being responsible for lung cancer in humans. Hong Kong has four major groups of uranium-rich plutonic and volcanic rocks and is suffering from radon emanated therefrom. However, there is a lack of radon potential maps in Hong Kong to resolve the spatial distribution of radon-prone areas. A ten-point radon potential system was developed in Germany (2005) to predict radon potential using both the in situ geogenic and geographic parameters under hierarchical ranking. Primarily, the ten-point system requires the desk study of the geological environment of sampling sites, which has an advantage of saving resources and manpower in extensive radon potential mapping over the traditional soil radon concentration sampling method. This paper presents a trial of radon potential mapping in Hong Kong to further verify the system. Despite some slight departures, the system demonstrates an acceptable correlation with soil radon concentrations (R ² = 0.62–0.66) from 768 samples of mainly intermediate radon potential. Hong Kong has a mean soil radon concentrations of 58.9 kBqm^?3, while the radon potential from the ten-point system achieves an average of 4.93 out of 10 over the territory. The vicinity of fault zone showed high soil radon concentrations and potentials, which were conducive to uranium enrichment and rapid soil-gas diffusion near faults. High uranium-238 content in soil was found to cause high soil radon concentration with a large R ², 0.84. The Jurassic granite and volcanic crystal tuff cover more than 85 % of the whole Hong Kong area, and they show relatively high radon concentrations (Geometric mean 83 and 49 kBqm^?3, respectively) which are associated with their high uranium contents (Geometric mean 234 and 197 Bqkg^?1, respectively). While indoor radon concentration is an important factor for radon risk assessment, this study has not considered the correlation between indoor radon concentration and radon potential. The reason is that almost all buildings in Hong Kong are high-rise buildings where indoor radon concentrations are governed only by the radium content in the building materials and the ventilation conditions.     

基于空间三维视角的无人机技术监测农林资源

文章主要研究基于空间三维视角的无人机技术监测农林资源的分布情况。研究中通过分析仅有蓝光、绿光和红光波段的无人机影像的光谱信息,建立目标地物的样本库,根据自定义的植被特征指数(VI’)成功提取了植被信息,在此基础上利用无人机的数字表面模型(DSM)与研究区的数字高程模型(DEM),构建了冠层高度模型(CHM),并综合使用CHM和光谱特征的均值作为阈值,提取植被信息中部分的甘蔗信息与林地信息,最后选用基于样本库的支持向量机(SVM)方法完成最后的分类工作,分类的总精度为96.44%,Kappa系数为0.928 6。为了做到成果的精细化和直观化,基于CHM阈值将林地类分为不同的高度林地资源层,采用三维模型展示最后的研究成果,充分体现了农林资源的生长与分布情况。     

河南省寒潮特征分析与中期预报

利用1986－1999年气象资料，分析了河南省寒潮天气的基本特征和主要天气形势。利用欧洲中心数值预报产品3层格点实况资料，采用相关分析方法，分别计算出河南省安阳，洛阳，郑州，西华，信阳各代表站的寒潮消空和预报指标。再以欧洲中心72－144h数值预报产品为因子，用完全预报方法做出河南省3－7天中期寒潮天气过程预报。     

中国高铁与民航的空间服务市场竞合分析与模拟

随着高速铁路的大规模建设,其安全性、经济性以及与民航之间的竞争越来越成为人们关注的焦点。在交通基础设施空间组织和经济作用凸显成效的背景下,研究区域间快速交通的市场竞争与合作,对提高交通资源的空间效率具有重要意义。本研究基于GIS空间分析技术,研究高铁站点、机场通过公路交通在1h、2h内空间服务市场可达性的测度和高铁、民航空间服务市场重叠情况,对目前及"十二五"期间高铁与民航的空间服务市场的竞合关系进行了空间效应探讨和模拟。结果显示,高铁和航空均主要倾向于为经济和人口服务,并能通过公路交通在2h范围内覆盖全国绝大部分的人口和GDP。在距离上,高铁与民航不同的技术特点决定其优势市场。在空间上,高铁的服务市场主要集中于东中部地区的经济走廊,而航空在西部地区具有竞争优势。随着高铁与民航市场的空间叠合范围越来越大,城市密集地区、大城市地区、经济走廊将成为两者竞争的主要市场。