Model of Land Suitability Evaluation Based on Computational Intelligence

A novel model of land suitability evaluation is built based on computational intelligence (CI). A fuzzy neural network (FNN) is constructed by the integration of fuzzy logic and artificial neural network (ANN). The structure and process of this network is clear. Fuzzy rules (knowledge) are expressed in the model explicitly, and can be self-adjusted by learning from samples. Genetic algorithm (GA) is employed as the learning algorithm to train the network, and makes the training of the model efficient. This model is a self-learning and self-adaptive system with a rule set revised by training.     

2004年安徽省梅汛期三次暴雨过程的大气低频振荡背景

对2004年夏季安徽省降水以及850 hPa涡度、水汽通量散度场进行Morlet小波分析，结果发现:6月中下旬，三者都存在着2~6 d，7~15 d以及18~30 d的振荡周期，并且三者的各频带的低频分量与实际降水距平的对应关系较好。其中18~30 d低频涡旋系统和水汽通量散度具有源自孟加拉湾和中南半岛自西南向安徽省传播特征；7~15 d低频涡旋系统主要是沿着中纬度地区自西向东传入安徽省，低频水汽通量散度则由低纬度地区自南向北传入安徽省。6月中下旬赤道西太平洋地区沿东南-西北向移动的7~15 d低频气旋和反气旋波列，以及安徽省附近低层流场的2~6 d高频变化，为其6月中下旬的三次强降水过程提供了有利条件。     

埃默里冰架前缘水的特性和海流结构

本文利用中国第19次南极科学考察普里兹湾内埃默里冰架前缘水域观测的LADCP、 CTD资料,研究并分析了普里兹湾内埃默里冰架前缘水域水的温、盐特性和海流结构。资料显示,在冰架前缘的水域中存在着四种典型的夏季水团;流速分布显示出东进西出的特征。此外在普里兹湾内的上层和中层海洋中还存在着逆时针和顺时针方向的涡旋:逆时针涡旋西侧是普里兹湾向冰架入流的位置所在;入流的源地是普里兹湾东侧的沿岸西向流。这些特征涉及到夏季普里兹湾内的环流形式、冰架底部的消融速率和冰架水的生成规模以及冰架区域与冰架外普里兹湾内的水交换形式。     

The impact of cropland conversion on environmental effect in the Loess Plateau：a pilot study based on the national experimental bases

1 Introduction The soilerosion in Loess Plateau is mostserious on the globe mainly due to the destroying of naturalvegetation and cultivation on slope land overextensive areas(Yang and Yu,1992;Jiang, 1997).To convertsloping cropland (cropped land on slope…     

白令海和楚科奇海总好气异养细菌丰度和对温度的适应性

用平皿培养计数法测定了白令海和楚科奇海测区水和沉积物中的总好气异养细菌(GAB)的丰度 ,并进行了比较。分析了不同海区、测点、不同层次沉积物中GAB丰度及在不同温度中的适应性。结果表明 ,水中GAB检出率大于沉积物 ,但丰度仅为后者的 0 .0 7% ;表层沉积物中GAB检出率高于其它层次 ;白令海GAB检出率、丰度及变幅均高于楚科奇海。所有站点沉积物中GAB含量平均约为 31 66.3× 1 0 2 CFU·g- 1 (湿 ) ;沉积物GAB丰度大致显出低纬度区大于高纬度区之势。温度试验结果表明所试GAB中多数为适冷菌 ,少数可能为中温菌 ,显示出北极海洋细菌对温度有较强的适应性     

Numerical simulation of rock progressive failure on samples with a pre-existed weak zone during brittle failure

Introduction Finite element method has a wide application in analyzing the crust tectonic stress field and tectonic deformation field. WANG, et al (1980), for example, reversed the crust stress field and forecast future seismic risky area using finite element way. WANG and CHEN (1980) made the numerical simulation on modern tectonic stress field for China and its adjacent area using finite element and obtained the whole picture of tectonic stress filed in China. Except analyzing the tect…     

关于抚顺矿震活动趋势分析

依据1988年以来抚顺矿震资料，用李治平等人建立的矿山地震能量冈贝尔Ⅰ型极值分布模型，并结合其它地震活动性分析方法，对抚顺矿震活动危险性进行了研究。结果认为：近几年矿震活动水平急剧增强与矿区断裂构造活动无关，主要是由于煤矿采掘所致；今后一定时期内，如果采矿条件不变，矿震活动频次和强度可能仍分别按约33.3次/年和0.08级/年自然增长速度增长；未来几年内矿震的最大强度为Ml4.0左右（概率为0.58-0.72）。     

2001年7月下旬河南连续性强降水中期天气特征

从大尺度环流形势场、西风环流指数、阻塞高压、副热带高压和南亚高压等方面 ,对 2 0 0 1年汛期强降水多发时段的中期天气特征进行了分析 ,结果表明 :①极涡由一个中心分裂为多个中心 ,北半球极涡呈偶极型或多极型 ,其中有一较强中心位于东半球偏于亚洲一侧 ;②亚欧中高纬环流形势为两脊一槽型 ,亚洲中部为一低压槽 ;③连续性强降水发生在西风环流指数由峰值向谷点过度的过程中 ;④鄂霍次克海阻塞高压的建立是造成我省连续性强降水的关键 ;⑤西太平洋副热带高压在短时间内迅速西伸北跳 ,14 0°E副高脊线位置位于 30°N附近并稳定 ;⑥10 0hPa南亚高压脊线北跳至 33°N以北 ,且中心位置自西向东震荡并稳定于 90°E以东地区     

Erosion environment in the sediment-rich area on the Loess Plateau

Based on the investigation and analysis of characteristics of precipitation, natural environment, socio-economic factors and soil erosion, this paper indicates that the precipitation is the main driving force for the soil erosion in the sediment-rich area, its variability determines the characteristics of soil and water loss; the natural conditions such as the drainage systems, geological and topographic features, the composition of soil and land surface materials, vegetation and climate determine the seriousness of soil and water loss; irrational socio-economic activities of human beings usually accelerated soil and water loss; meanwhile, the low preservation rate and inferiority of soil and water conservation measures made it impossible to make rapid progress on soil and water loss control. Furthermore, the characteristics of erosion environment endowed this area with more sediment that is the main reason for the flooding disasters by the Yellow River. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on the enhancement of soil and water conservation. The soil loss prediction models will provide scientific basis for the planning of soil and water conservation, the designing of soil and water conservation measures and the valuation of effects of soil and water loss control. According to the analysis of the previous studies on soil loss prediction, and the water-sediment variation features, it is thought that study on soil loss prediction under various rainfall conditions and soil-water conservation measures should be carried out.     

Climate variation since the Last Interglaciation recorded in the Guliya ice core

The climatic and environmental variations since the Last Interglaciation are reconstructed based on the study of the upper 268 m of the 309-m-long Guliya ice core. Five stages can be distinguished since the Last Interglaciation from the δ¹⁸O record in the Guliya ice core: Stage 1 (Deglaciation), Stage2 (the Last Glacial Maximum), Stage 3 (interstadial), Stage 4 (interstadial in the early glacial maximum) and Stage 5 (the Last Interglaciation). Stage 5 can be divided further into 5 substages; a, b, c, d, e. The δ¹⁸O record in the Guliya ice core indicates clearly the close correlation between the temperature variation on the Tibetan Plateau and the solar activities. The study indicates that the solar activity is a main forcing to the climatic variation on the Tibetan Plateau. Through a comparison of the ice core record in Guliya with that in the Greenland and the Antarctic, it can be found that the variation of large temperature variation events in different parts of the world is generally the same, but the variation amplitude of temperature is different. Project supported by thc Climbing Program of the State Eighth Five-Year Plan and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.