Change of ancient hydrology net in Northeast China Plain

Comparing with lithofacies palaeogeography of several great plains,the authors analyzed four great plains in Quaternary diastrophism,the sedimentary facies,sedimentary environment and their evolution from the independent embryonic and river system of ancient Heilongjiang finally to the Halar highland,Songnen Plain,Sanjiang Plain,the Xingkai Lake Plain and various river systems,collected the unification outside the system of Heilongjiang River to release into the sea,south ancient Xialiao River finally piracy Dongliao River,Xialiao River had released into the sea the ancient water law vicissitude and the evolved rule.     

2020年冬季海洋天气评述

2020年冬季（2020年12月－2021年2月）大气环流特征为：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,中高纬环流呈 3 波型分布,西风带槽脊较常年明显偏强。位势高度距平场显示,东亚中纬度地区处于负距平区,东亚大槽较常年同期显著偏强,冷空气活动频繁、强度偏强。我国近海出现了 11 次 8 级以上大风过程,其中冷空气大风过程 7 次,冷空气和入海气旋共同影响的大风过程 2 次,冷空气和台风共同影响的大风天气过程以及温带气旋大风过程各 1 次。我国近海出现大范围的海雾过程 4 次,海雾区域主要出现在渤海、渤海海峡、黄海北部和中部海域、琼州海峡、雷州半岛沿岸海域及北部湾,出雾时段多集中于夜间至早晨。西北太平洋和南海共生成 2 个热带气旋;全球其他海域共生成热带气旋 16 个。我国近海出现 2 m以上大浪过程的天数有 54 d,约占冬季总日数的 60%。冬季,我国近海海域呈明显降温过程,北部海域的降温幅度明显大于南部海域,海面温度从北到南的温差在冬季由 2020 年 12 月的 23 ℃加大到 2021 年 2 月的 27 ℃。     

营城组一段及下段岩性岩相和储层物性的精细刻画——基于标准剖面营一D1井全取心钻孔资料

营一D1井是2006年为揭示营城组内幕基准剖面而布置的探井.经揭示,营城组一段及下段岩性为:熔岩,包括流纹岩、松脂岩、珍珠岩和玄武岩;火山碎屑熔岩,包括角砾熔岩、凝灰熔岩和熔结凝灰岩;火山碎屑岩,包括火山角砾岩和凝灰岩;沉火山碎屑岩,包括沉凝灰岩和沉火山角砾岩.其岩相主要为喷溢相、爆发相和火山沉积相.物性测试资料显示,该井岩心平均孔隙度为15.17%,平均渗透率为1.51×10-3μm2,孔渗线性相关性较好.根据压汞数据各参数将孔隙结构分为6类.综合评价物性与孔隙结构,将该井段划出4类储层:Ⅰ类为好储层,高-特高孔、特高渗,细、中、粗喉共存,粗喉比例大;Ⅱ类为次好储层,高孔、高渗,细喉为主;Ⅲ类储层为中等储层,中孔、中渗,细喉;Ⅳ类为差储层,中、低孔,低溶,细喉.     

卫星激光测距仪光学接收系统的改造和设计

北京房山人卫站的卫星激光测距系统长期存在着接收敏度低,并由此产生的卫星激光测距数据精度不高、稳定性差以及数据采用率低的问题。针对该卫星激光测距系统的结构现状和接收探测器C-SPAD的特点,我们重新设计了光学接收小系统,对微光电视监视系统也进行了改造。从国际网反馈回来的数据公报可以看出,这些改造大大提高了北京房山人卫站卫星激光测距系统的接收灵敏度,从而观测数据的稳定性、精度以及数据的采用率也得到了提升。     

连云港地震台台基噪声与干扰源分析

通过对连云港地震台台基背景噪声进行计算和分析,得出该台台基背景噪声属于Ⅰ类噪声水平。分析该台6—7月观测数据,得出日夜噪声差值约3 dB。分析发现,该台人为干扰为基础建设的工程车干扰、景区人员聚集和车辆干扰;自然环境干扰主要来自大风干扰。     

混积条件下有机酸-矿物溶蚀模拟实验

为探究混积条件下储集层矿物的溶蚀规律,为以陆源碎屑为主的混积型储集层的勘探开发提供理论依据,设计了一组递增温、压条件下,Ⅱ1型干酪根所排有机酸与混合样品(钾长石、钠长石、方解石、白云石、安山岩、流纹岩)的水岩溶蚀模拟实验.通过对样品溶蚀前后的扫描电镜特征、质量损失率以及反应液中离子浓度变化的分析,明确了混积条件下样品中主要矿物成分的溶蚀特征.结果 显示,混积条件下温度低于250℃时,主要为碳酸盐矿物溶蚀;温度达到250℃时,主要为长石矿物的溶蚀,钾长石的溶蚀比例与钠长石相当.钾长石在190-250℃区间内溶蚀比例增量达到2.64％,大于钠长石的1.91％,说明钾长石在深埋条件下有更大的溶蚀速率与增孔潜力.     

基于25交模型实现带洞面域拓扑关系描述模型间的转换

目前研究已提出了多种带洞面域拓扑关系的描述模型,建立不同模型之间的联系可发挥这些模型在拓扑关系推导和分析中的优势。本文对比分析了基于点集拓扑和对象分解两种方法的6种拓扑关系描述模型,通过定义两个25交关系矩阵操作算子,建立整体面域与分解区域间的拓扑关系计算方法,实现了拓扑关系描述模型之间的转换。理论证明,表明关系矩阵表和扩展9交集模型,以及4元组模型与25交模型在表达拓扑关系的能力方面是一致的且可以相互转换,关系矩阵表可转换为25交模型和9交模型。实例分析说明本文方法可以利用25交模型的“桥梁”作用实现多种模型之间的转换,描述具有特定结构带洞面域间的拓扑关系。     

Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic Multi‐Stage Denudation at the Western Ordos Block: Constraints by the Apatite Fission Track Dating on the Langshan

The apatite fission track dating of samples from the Dabashan(i.e., the Langshan in the northeastern Alxa Block) by the laser ablation method and their thermal history modeling of AFT ages are conducted in this study. The obtained results and lines of geological evidence in the study region indicate that the Langshan has experienced complicated tectonic-thermal events during the the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic. Firstly, it experienced a tectonic-thermal event in the Late Cretaceous(~90–70 Ma). The event had little relation with the oblique subduction of the Izanagi Plate along the eastern Eurasian Plate, but was related to the Neo-Tethys subduction and compression between the Lhasa Block and Qiangtang Block. Secondly, it underwent the dextral slip faulting in the Eocene(~50–45 Ma). The strike slip fault may develop in the same tectonic setting as sinistral slip faults in southern Mongolia and thrusts in West Qinling to the southwest Ordos Block in the same period, which is the remote far-field response to the India-Eurasia collision. Thirdly, the tectonic thermal event existed in the late Cenozoic(since ~10 Ma), thermal modeling shows that several samples began their denudation from upper region of partial annealing zone(PAZ), and the denudation may have a great relationship with the growth of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to the northeast. In addition, the AFT ages of Langshan indicate that the main body of the Langshan may be an upper part of fossil PAZ of the Late Cretaceous(~70 Ma). The fossil PAZ were destroyed and deformed by tectonic events repeatedly in the Cenozoic along with the denudation.     

A Profile of International Climate Change Science in the Past One Hundred Years*

Climate change is one of the most active research fields currently, which has attracted extensive attention from the international community. In order to better understand the development situation and research status of international climate change science, in this paper we took the SSCI and SCI databases as data sources, collected the relevant literatures since 1900 based on the key words related to climate change, and made some statistics and analysis of the literatures of the past one hundred years to reveal the development process of climate change research as well as the development and evolution of its research topics and hot spots. The results showed that the climate change research began in the late 18 th century and early 19 th century, and the academic debate about global warming and global cooling started in the early 1970s. The international programs and projects led by a range of international organizations and intergovernmental bodies have contributed significantly to the rapid development of climate change research. The United States and the United Kingdom have long been the core countries of climate change research. The proportion of Chinese papers has risen rapidly in the last decade. The intensity and scope of scientific research cooperation are constantly expanding. Current research focuses on climate model/modeling, climate simulation, climate policy, climate sensitivity, climate change impacts, climate change adaptation, climate change mitigation, and rate of climate change.     

西藏尼木渐新世花岗岩中的岩浆混合作用:对岩石成因及陆壳增生的启示

尼木渐新世黑云母二长花岗岩中含有丰富的形态各异的暗色镁铁质微粒包体。本文报道了寄主岩和镁铁质包体的年代学、元素地球化学及Sr- Nd- Hf同位素组成,据此阐明了岩石的成因,并探讨了岩浆混合作用在成岩中的意义及其对陆壳增生的启示。锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb定年结果表明,寄主岩和镁铁质包体的成岩年龄在误差范围内基本一致,均为约30Ma,说明它们同时形成。元素地球化学组成上,寄主黑云母二长花岗岩为高钾钙碱性、准铝质,富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素,且具有高Sr、低Y和Yb含量,Sr/Y比值高,缺乏明显铕负异常,表现出埃达克质岩石的特征。镁铁质包体贫硅,富铁、镁,具有与寄主岩相似的稀土与微量元素分布模式。二者的全岩Sr、Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素组成也相近\[寄主岩:(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7057~0.7064,εNd(t)=-1.45~0.35,εHf(t)=1.21~7.34;镁铁质包体:(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7058~0.7064,εNd(t)=-2.23~-1.57,εHf(t)=2.40~7.04\]。综合分析表明,尼木渐新世黑云母二长花岗岩应主要起源于碰撞加厚的新生镁铁质下地壳的部分熔融,镁铁质包体应为幔源玄武质岩浆与其诱发加厚地壳熔融形成的埃达克质岩浆经不均匀混合作用的产物。结合对冈底斯带岩浆岩已有资料的全面分析,表明幔源玄武质岩浆的底侵及其诱发的岩浆混合作用既是冈底斯岩基形成的主要方式,也是导致青藏高原陆壳增生的重要途径。