沉降观测监测网的稳定性分析

以其工程为例,利用平均间隙法研究监测网的稳定性分析,并从理论和实际两方面阐述监测网稳定性检验的过程和主要方法。     

一种基于改进粒子滤波的动态精密单点定位算法

提出一种改进的粒子滤波,试图提高粒子滤波的收敛速度,减弱非线性模型线性化误差和非正态分布随机误差对动态单点定位结果的影响.首先固定单差无电离层模糊度,以减少状态参数向量的维数,提高初始定位的精度和粒子滤波的收敛速度;采用Kalman滤波作为粒子滤波的预滤波,以提高粒子滤波的重点采样效率,并提高采样粒子精度,减缓粒子退化.利用一个实测动态GPS数据验证表明,改进的粒子滤波可以提高动态GPS的定位精度.     

利用BP神经网络的动态精密单点定位故障诊断算法

针对动态精密单点定位中可能出现的观测信息故障,提出了基于两级神经网络的故障诊断算法。该算法首先采用一级神经网络在线修正Kalman滤波的动力学模型信息,然后基于二级神经网络自动对观测信息进行故障检测、定位和剔除。利用机载实测数据进行了实验,结果表明该方法能够正确地诊断观测信息中存在的故障,提高了诊断正确率。     

利用水文、气象要素因子的变化趋势预测南海区赤潮的发生

有些文献指出:“赤潮发生起因因种而异,但大体上气候气象条件诸如温度、风力、风向,季风转换、气压等;海况、潮汐、流等以及海水的理化特征,如盐度、营养元素等,这些皆会成为某种赤潮爆发的因子或诱导因素[1]”。根据赤潮监控区监测资料分析:在南海赤潮多发区,海水富营养化条件已经具备,因此气象、水文要素条件就成为赤潮爆发的重要启动因子,而天气环流的维持与变化决定了气象、水文要素因子的稳定与变化,再根据赤潮生物培养试验,从初期繁殖到后期的爆发性繁殖,直至达到赤潮生物密度,这一过程一般都需要4~5d的时间。针对这一现象,通过对近10a的赤潮发生个例进行统计分析,统计其生成前期的天气环流形势和水文气象要素,分析出赤潮生成前期的环流模式和筛选出诱发赤潮爆发的重要因子,并依此来作为预报赤潮生成的方法,依照此方法对2003年的赤潮进行预报,其效果是另人满意的。     

基于异常误差补偿的多期水准网动态平差

针对水准网中的异常误差,采用函数模型异常误差补偿方法抑制其影响,提高水准网平差精度。首先采用最小二乘方法获得各观测值残差,通过假设检验确定异常误差位置;将异常误差作为待估参数进行解算;最后扣除异常误差,利用"干净"观测数据进行平差获取水准网点的高程与垂直运动速度。采用山东省两期二等水准网观测数据进行试验,该方法进一步提高了水准网平差的可靠性。     

干孔中的跨孔法(超)声波测试

提出了一种在干孔中的跨孔（超）声波测试方法,介绍了一种相应的干孔耦合装置,其使用简便有效、成本低。     

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Tectonic and climate control of oil shale deposition in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation (Songliao Basin, NE China)

Oil shales were deposited in the Songliao Basin (NE China) during the Upper Cretaceous period, representing excellent hydrocarbon source rocks. High organic matter (OM) contents, a predominance of type-I kerogen, and a low maturity of OM in the oil shales are indicated by bulk geochemical parameters and biomarker data. A major contribution of aquatic organisms and minor inputs from terrigenous land plants to OM input are indicated by n-alkane distribution patterns, composition of steroids, and organic macerals. Strongly reducing bottom water conditions during the deposition of the oil shale sequences are indicated by low pristane/phytane ratios, high C₁₄-aryl-isoprenoid contents, homohopane distribution patterns, and high V/Ni ratios. Enhanced salinity stratification with mesosaline and alkaline bottom waters during deposition of the oil shales are indicated by high gammacerane index values, low MTTC ratios, high β-carotene contents, low TOC/S ratios, and high Sr/Ba ratios. The stratified water column with anoxic conditions in the bottom water enhanced preservation of OM. Moderate input of detrital minerals during the deposition of the oil shale sequences is reflected by titanium concentrations. In this study, environmental conditions in the paleo-lake leading to OM accumulation in the sediments are related to sequence stratigraphy governed by climate and tectonics. The first Member of the Qingshankou Formation (K₂qn₁) in the Songliao Basin, containing the oil shale sequence, encompasses a third-order sequence that can be divided into three system tracts (transgressive system tract—TST, highstand system tract—HST, and regressive system tract—RST). Enrichment of OM changed from low values during TST-I to high-moderate values during TST-II/III and HST-I/II. Low OM enrichment occurs during RST-I and RST-II. Therefore, the highest enrichment of OM in the sediments is related to stages of mid-late TST and early HST.     

钱塘江干流夏季浮游植物群落结构特征及其对水文气象的响应

河流中浮游植物的动态变化能够较好的指示河流水质状况.为探索水文气象过程对筑坝河流浮游植物群落结构的影响,2020年夏季,以钱塘江干流为例,对包括富春江水库在内的11个河段开展了浮游植物群落结构及相关环境因子的调查分析.结果 表明:夏季在钱塘江干流共鉴定出浮游植物6门59属95种,优势属为沟链藻(Aulacoseir、菱...     

山东省文登市生态足迹评价

以山东省文登市2005年统计年鉴数据为依据,对其生态足迹和生态承载力进行了计算。结果显示：2005年文登市人均生态足迹为4.554 5hm2,人均生态承载力为0.626 9 hm2,人均生态足迹赤字为3.927 6 hm2。反映出该市的生产、生活强度超过了生态系统的承载能力,生态系统处于过度开发利用状态。