1988年1月云南威信墨黑山地灾害

这次山地灾害由岩崩、滑坡和泥石流三类灾害组成。在我国西南,隆冬少雨季节出现这类山地灾害是罕见的。这次山地灾害正是发生于1988年1月,具有一定的特殊性。究其原因是,当地某些较为特殊的自然条件和采煤不当,促使山体岩崩崩积物逐年加载,进而引起滑坡、泥石流的发生。灾害造成的直接经济损失合人民币58.6万元。对此种山地灾害宜采取以避害为主的防治措施。     

Effect of Fe2+ ions on polarization behavior of X60 steel in CO2 saturated salty water

The effects of ferrous ions on cathodic and anodic polarization behavior of the X60 steel in CO₂ saturated salty water were studied by potentio-dynamic polarization method. The results show that the reducing current peak of cathodic polarization is affected significantly if FeCl₂ is added to the salty solution of controlled pH, but not the anodic polarization. It is considered that the ferrous ions accelerate the formation of a protective ferrous carbonate film. Films formed by addition of ferrous ions and those formed by ferrous ions produced from steel corrosion have the same forming mechanism. The former can fully meet the formative condition of the film and can play the role of inhibitor.     

宜章县梅田的晚二叠世地层不宜采用“泡水组”之名

泡水组系杨逢清、殷鸿福1987年新建的岩石地层名称,命名地点在广西来宾县泡水,层位与长兴组相当,时代属晚二叠世晚期。杨逢清,殷鸿福将泡水组引用到湖南宜章梅田长兴阶的地层。根据岩性特征,笔者认为宜章梅田长兴阶的地层不能冠用泡水组,只能沿用梅田组、九陂组和麻田组。     

Adjoint method for the optimum planning of industrial pollutant sources

The deterioration of air quality is threatening the life and health of people. Scientists in China and other countries have done a great deal of research work on the details of air pollution and the methods of preven-tion and control during the past decades. Up to now, most of the achievements are concentrated on the techniques of controlling pollutant sources and the programs of reduction, which focus on the improve-ment of air quality and the restoration of environment. The techniques of con…     

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE EASTERN CHINA DURING THE LATE PLEISTOCENE

The environmental changes during the Late Pleistocene were more obvious in the eastern China than in other areas at the same latitude, which either between northern and southern, or between land and sea of the eastern China were mostly non-synchronous. The transitional period prior to the last glaciation came about in the northern part of the eastern China about 115,000 yr. ago. The desert environments of the inland of the north China were developed both in the glacial maximum and in the warm interglacial period, but the loess accumulation mostly took place during the glacial period. The sand dunes and the periglacial solifluctions in the lower Changjiang (Yangtze) River region were formed during the last glacial period. The event of lowest surface temperature occurred at 98,000 yr. B.P. and 59,000 yr. B.P. in the northern part of the South China Sea but not during the full-glacial stage. The phenomena mentioned . above were the result of the following reasons that the paleo-environmental changes in the     

Environmental records of lacustrine sediments in different time scales: Sediment grain size as an example

Understanding the past is the key to know thepresent and to predict the future. As a core project ofthe International Geosphere Biosphere Program, PastGlobal Changes (PAGES) aims to reconstruct theevolution history of global climate, global environ-ment and global ecosystem with resort to all kinds ofnatural records, so as to reveal the change rules(change processes, change amplitude and change rate)of the global environment and thus provide scientificbasis for predicting climate changes p…     

Synthesis of todorokite by refluxing process and its primary characteristics

Todorokite is one of the common manganese ox-ides in manganese ore deposits, weathering product of manganese-bearing rocks, soils and sediments. It is also an important component in the abundant marine manganese nodules. Since todorokite was firstly found in Japanese Todoroki mine in 1934, its properties and origination have appeared to be very interesting to many researchers[1—3]. It has a stable structure similar to porous molecular sieves, constructed of triple MnO6 octahedral chains. Th…     

Helmert方差分量估计严密公式与简化公式等价性的证明

在分析了Helmert方差分量估计严密公式与简化公式迭代收敛结果一些统计性质的基础上,导出了关于收敛结果共同的求解方程,从理论上证明了两种结果的等价性,为使用简化公式提供了依据。     

基于GIS的测量标志普查信息管理系统

叙述了在VB和MapObjects组件环境下,建立测量标志信息普查管理系统。详细介绍了系统数据的处理和利用MapObjects组件开发系统过程,以及系统的主要功能。利用该系统可以全面了解和掌握某范围内测量标志的现状和完好程度,为测量标志的维护和管理提供依据。该系统提供方便、快捷的影像浏览、查询等功能,为测绘主管部门和测绘单位管理和使用这些控制点提供方便。