利用ArcGIS提取CAD中分离式标注水深

海底的地形地貌是海洋地质调查的重要部分.自动提取CAD海图中数字分离式标注水深操作相对复杂,往往需要自编程序处理.本文基于ArcGIS平台,提供了一种自动提取数字分离式标注水深的简便方法,并给出了实例操作.本方法能有效提取CAD海图中数字分离标注式水深,无需自编程序,具有操作简单、提取准确、自动化程度高的特点.提取成果能直接应用于GIS平台进行三维和空间分析,具有重要的应用意义.     

Relativistic shock waves in double radio sources

Using a model of relativistic collision between two media and based on the theory of shock waves in an ideal relativistic fluid, we calculate in detail, the main parameters at the Initial stage of the formation of radio component sources, including the separation velocity and the travelling speed of the shock. The evolution of the hot spot as it moved from within the galaxy to a quasi-steady state in the intergalactic space is discussed qualitatively. Lastly, the parameters in the quasi-steady state are approximately evaluated using the formulae for strong shocks. The results obtained are in overall agreement with observations.     

近2600年来黄河下游沉积量和上中游产沙量变化过程

主要基于华北平原上93个钻孔中沉积物详细观测和分析数据,结合182组14C测年和埋深数据、参考前人黄河下游河道历史变迁及其他相关研究成果,估算出2600年以来黄河下游在602BC～11A.D.,11～1034A.D.,1034～1128A.D.,1128～1855A.D.和1855～1997A.D.等5个历史时期的年平均沉积量分别是3.89×108t/a,2.24×108t/a,6.63×108t/a,6.78×108t/a和8.47×108t/a。通过建立黄河下游有无堤防和决溢频率与泥沙输移比的关系,计算出5个时期黄河上中游的平均年输沙量分别是6.2×108t/a,6.8×108t/a,8.3×108t/a,11.5×108t/a和15.3×108t/a。进而探讨了黄河输沙量变化的主要原因,以及历史上王景治河后出现的600年安流时期的原因。     

塔里木河的变迁与罗布泊的演化

干旱区河流及湖泊变化是环境演变的最重要标志之一。本文根据实际调查、历史记载和遥感图像解译,论证了塔里木河河道变迁及水量变化与罗布泊的演化关系。魏晋及其以前,塔里木河与孔雀河合流从北面入罗布泊,当时上游农业规模小,入湖水量多,罗布泊水域面积达到5350km2。此后,孔雀河入塔里木河,从南面经喀拉和顺入罗布泊,由于绿洲面积扩大,引水增加,到了清末罗布泊水域明显缩小,但还没有干涸。1921～1952年塔里木河再度与孔雀河汇流,又从北面入罗布泊,湖面扩大到1900km2,代表了这一时期的罗布泊水域,因此罗布泊不是20世纪30年代末40年代初干涸。1952年塔里木河与孔雀河分流,孔雀河单独入湖,水量减少,使湖面缩小,但直至1959年中国科学院新疆综合考察队对罗布泊进行考察时仍有广阔的水面,1961年仍未干涸。孔雀河灌区为扩大灌溉面积,于1958年和1962年,分别在普惠和阿克苏甫修了拦河大坝和水库引起下游断流。因此,罗布泊应在1962年以后逐渐干涸,直到1972年美国第一颗地球资源卫星照片上才得到反映。同时,还根据塔里木盆地绿洲发展、水资源利用及水系关系,分析了罗布泊干涸的原因及与塔里木河开发有着必然联系,主要是人类活动改变了地表径流的地域分配,上中游引水过多,造成下游断流和尾闾湖干涸。     

南极长城站海雾形成的气候背景及天气形势分析

基于长城站气象观测数据和NCEP再分析资料,分析研究了长城站海雾的发生背景和天气形势。认为长城站海雾的季节性变化是大气环流、地面气压场变化的结果;长城站海雾形成的天气形势基本可分为低压锋前型、鞍型场型和弱气旋过境型3类,其中低压锋前型是长城站海雾形成的主要天气形势。长城站以平流冷却雾为主,也存在其它类型的雾。本文从天气学角度分析了长城站海雾发生的原因,为该地区的海雾预报提供了依据。     

吉林磐石市三道岗镁铁——超镁铁质岩体成矿地质特征及找矿意义

三道岗镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于吉林省红旗岭镍矿区外围,岩体中赋存有小型铜镍矿床,这一矿床的发现为红旗岭镍矿区外围及红旗岭镍矿区Ⅱ岩带岩体找矿提供了依据.     

地质科技档案的管理与完善

文章提出了如何更好地管理地质科研档案的途径,以及合理管理档案的措施,希望能对地质科技档案的收集与管理起到一定的借鉴作用.     

External calibrator in global signal experiment for detection of the epoch of reionization

We present a conceptual design study of external calibrators in the 21 cm experiment towards detecting the globally averaged radiation of the epoch of reionization(EoR). Employment of external calibrator instead of internal calibrator commonly used in current EoR experiments allows removing instrumental effects such as beam pattern, receiver gain and instability of the system if the conventional three-position switch measurements are implemented in a short time interval. Furthermore, in the new design the antenna system is placed in an underground anechoic chamber with an open/closing ceiling to maximally reduce the environmental effect such as RFI and ground radiation/reflection. It appears that three of the four external calibrators proposed in this paper, including two indoor artificial transmitters and one outdoor celestial radiation(the Galactic polarization), fail to meet our purpose. Diurnal motion of the Galactic diffuse emission turns out to be the most probable source as an external calibrator, for which we have discussed the observational strategy and the algorithm of extracting the EoR signal.     

Detection of a high-confidence quasi-periodic oscillation in radio light curve of the high redshift FSRQ PKS J0805–0111

In this work,we have searched for quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)in the 15 GHz light curve of the FSRQ PKS J0805-0111 monitored by the Owens Valley Radio Observatory(OVRO)40 m telescope during the period from 2008 January 9 to 2019 May 9,using the weighted wavelet Z-transform(WWZ)and the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram(LSP)techniques.This is the first time to search for a periodic radio signal in the FSRQ PKS J0805-0111 by these two methods.Both methods consistently reveal a repeating signal with a periodicity of 3.38±0.8 yr(>99.7%confidence level).In order to determine the significance of the periods,the false alarm probability method was applied,and a large number of Monte Carlo simulations were performed.As possible explanations,we discuss a number of scenarios including the thermal instability of thin disks scenario,the spiral jet scenario and the binary supermassive black hole scenario.We expect that the binary black hole scenario,where the QPO is caused by the precession of binary black holes,is the most likely explanation.FSRQ PKS J0805-0111 thus could be a good binary black hole candidate.In the binary black hole scenario,the distance between the primary black hole and the secondary black hole is about 1.71×10¹⁶ cm.     

COSTAS环解调器设计及实践初探

本文详细介绍自行设计的COSTAS环解调器的工作原理,环路参数选择以及实际工作效果。