围垦的社会经济价值及其对海洋环境影响的评估

从围垦滩涂与保护湿地的关系着手,针对浙江省的滩涂围垦现状,讨论了沿海滩涂实施围垦工程所创造的社会经济价值,分析了湿地生态的环境特征及其对自然界的贡献,指出并探讨了海岸带资源开发与海岸工程建设所带来的问题,从湿地保护和经济可持续发展的角度提出了相关的建议。     

Numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic behaviour of submerged plane nets in current

The aim of this paper is to investigate the shape and tension distribution of fishing nets in current. A numerical model is developed, based on lumped mass method to simplify the net. The motion equation is set up for each lumped mass. The Runge–Kutta–Verner fifth-order and sixth-order method is used to solve these simultaneous equations, and then the displacement and tension of each lumped mass are obtained. In order to verify the validity of the numerical method, model tests have been carried out. The results by the numerical simulation agree well with the experimental data.     

Contamination of organotin compounds and imposex in molluscs from Vancouver,Canada

Gastropods and bivalves were collected at 15 sites at Vancouver and Victoria, Canada between 24 May and 7 June, 1999, to establish tissue concentrations of butyltin and phenyltin compounds, to record imposex symptoms in gastropods, and to assess the present status of organotin contamination around Vancouver. No neogastropods (such as Nucella lima) were found around Vancouver. Neogastropod populations could have been extirpated by severe TBT contamination in Vancouver, as relatively high concentrations of TBT were detected in tissues of Mytilus trossulus from Vancouver, and the neogastropods distributed in Vancouver might be sensitive to TBT. Recovery from imposex, however, was observed in neogastropod populations from three sites at Victoria and Mission Point. TBT contamination has continued around Vancouver, arising from continuous use of TBT in antifouling paints for vessels larger than 25 m in length; however, TBT has decreased around Victoria and Mission Point. Different patterns of TBT accumulation in tissue were observed among the bivalve species from Vancouver. The highest TBT concentration detected in Tresus capax suggested some possible adverse effects. TBT was the most predominant butyltin component in almost all bivalve specimens surveyed, suggesting a low rate of TBT metabolism. Phenyltin compounds were not detected in any molluscan specimens in this study.     

X60钢在CO2饱和盐水中缓蚀作用的研究

本文采用动电位极化、线性极化、电偶电流和高压釜挂片失重等法,研究了含氮、硫有机缓蚀剂和/或Me~(2+)对X60钢在CO_2饱和的盐水溶液中的缓蚀作用。结果表明,含氮、硫的有机缓蚀剂在缓蚀过程中,开始是以抑制阳极过程为主,随后是以抑制阴极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂。如与Me~(2+)复配使用,能明显地提高缓蚀效能。     

Regulation of Navigation Channel on Mouth Bar of Guanhe Estuary

-Based on the feasibility study of developing the navigation resources of the Guanhe River and the model test results of the mouth bar regulation, this paper presents some basic principles for the regulation of the channel on the mouth bar, for instance, the direction of navigation channel should be identical with that of the ebb tide current and the main waves, and perpendicular to the bathymetric contours. The principles for regulating mouth bars are also discussed in this paper.     

香港附近海区台风波浪的波群统计分析

根据香港附近海区１９８５，１９８６年两次台风大浪的实测资料，以有效波高为相应水平，对波群作统计分析，得出可供海洋工程参考的波群连长、波群重复长度、波群出现频率以及波群中最大波高与有效波高的关系等。并将统计值与理论值作比较，结果表明：统计值大于“连”的理论值，而与包线理论中采用合田修正公式的汁算值相近。     

Discussion on Coastal Erosion Near Xizhuang, Penglai, China

-In this work, on the basis of the characteristics of coastal erosion near Xizhuang (Penglai, Shandong, China) and the in-situ measured data and theoretical calculation, the causes of coastal erosion there are obtained: (1) natural erosion, (2) beach sand borrowing, and (3) sand borrowing at the Dengzhou shoal near Xizhuang, which results in the loss of the function of the wave force resistance of the shoal. Since the wave energy is increased, the longshore sediment transport rate is increased. Coastal erosions are more and more serious. A scientific basis to reduced the calamity of coastal erosion in local area is presented. Some experiences are accumulated for studying coastal erosion.     

湄州湾沉积物地球化学特征

根据湄州湾表层沉积物70个样品18个化学成分的分析结果,得出:本海区沉积物属于海相陆源物,其中细颗粒主要来自台湾海峡,粗颗粒来自当地陆域;化学成分含量按聚类分析,可归为三组:粘土矿物组、碳酸盐组和分散组,微量元素Zn,Cr,Be,Cu和Sr的含量与地壳及台湾海峡相似,但低于胶州湾,说明该海区污染很少。     

玻璃钢渔船船体材料切片之弯曲试验研究

玻璃钢渔船有很多优异的性能，因而有逐渐取代木质渔船的趋势。为推进玻璃钢渔船的产业化进程，作者在查阅了大量国内外有关资料的基础上，进行了玻璃钢渔船体材料切片的弯曲试验，最终提出了我国玻璃钢渔船船体材料切片的弯曲试验规程，以供我国今后制定玻璃钢渔船材料试验标准作参考。     

Spatial Modeling and Analysis for Shoreline Change Detection and Coastal Erosion Monitoring

Coastal erosion presents a serious problem throughout U.S. coastal areas. The Ohio Geological Survey estimates that more than 3,200 acres of Ohio's Lake Erie shore have been lost to erosion since the 1870s, resulting in economic losses exceeding tens of millions of dollars per year. This article presents research results of a project that monitors shoreline erosion using high-resolution imagery and examines erosion causes. Spatial modeling and analysis methods are applied to the project area along the south shore of Lake Erie. The shoreline is represented as a dynamically-segmented linear model that is linked to a large amount of data describing shoreline changes. A new method computes an instantaneous shoreline using a digital water level model, a coastal terrain model, and bathymetric data. This method provides an algorithm for deriving the Mean-Lower Low Water (MLLW) and the Mean High Water (MHW) shorelines that are essential to navigation charts. The results describe a part of our effort towards a coastal spatial information infrastructure to support management and decision-making in the dynamic coastal environment.