舟山马岙峡道的水文泥沙特性和峡道效应

根据舟山本岛北部马岙峡道实测水文泥沙资料和沉积物采样分析结果以及对马岙岸段岸滩的现场踏勘结果，分析了马岙峡道的水文泥沙特性及其峡道效应。文章认为，受峡道地形限制，马岙岸段水流呈现显著的往复流特性，潮流流速较强，水体含沙量较低，泥沙淤积较弱，岸滩处于冲淤平衡状态；受峡道内涨落潮流分流和汇流的共同作用，马岙小泥糊礁附近发育水下沙嘴，该沙嘴是以落潮流作用为主形成的浅滩，受涨潮流改造而形成的，并将在涨落潮流作用下逐渐增长，形成连岛沙嘴，使小泥糊礁附近岸线发展成弧形岸线，并达成新的平衡。     

Mixed layer variability in Northern Arabian Sea as detected by an Argo float

Seasonal evolution of surface mixed layer in the Northern Arabian Sea (NAS) between 17° N–20.5° N and 59° E-69° E was observed by using Argo float daily data for about 9 months, from April 2002 through December 2002. Results showed that during April - May mixed layer shoaled due to light winds, clear sky and intense solar insolation. Sea surface temperature (SST) rose by 2.3 °C and ocean gained an average of 99.8 Wm⁻². Mixed layer reached maximum depth of about 71 m during June - September owing to strong winds and cloudy skies. Ocean gained abnormally low ∼18 Wm⁻² and SST dropped by 3.4 °C. During the inter monsoon period, October, mixed layer shoaled and maintained a depth of 20 to 30 m. November - December was accompanied by moderate winds, dropping of SST by 1.5 °C and ocean lost an average of 52.5 Wm⁻². Mixed layer deepened gradually reaching a maximum of 62 m in December. Analysis of surface fluxes and winds suggested that winds and fluxes are the dominating factors causing deepening of mixed layer during summer and winter monsoon periods respectively. Relatively high correlation between MLD, net heat flux and wind speed revealed that short term variability of MLD coincided well with short term variability of surface forcing.     

围垦的社会经济价值及其对海洋环境影响的评估

从围垦滩涂与保护湿地的关系着手,针对浙江省的滩涂围垦现状,讨论了沿海滩涂实施围垦工程所创造的社会经济价值,分析了湿地生态的环境特征及其对自然界的贡献,指出并探讨了海岸带资源开发与海岸工程建设所带来的问题,从湿地保护和经济可持续发展的角度提出了相关的建议。     

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Sound Speed at the PN Section

Gridded sound speed data were calculated using Del Grosso's formulation from the temperature and salinity data at the PN section in the East China Sea covering 92 cruises between February 1978 and October 2000. The vertical gradients of sound speed are mainly related to the seasonal variations, and the strong horizontal gradients are mainly related to the Kuroshio and the upwelling. The standard deviations show that great variations of sound speed exist in the upper layer and in the slope zone. Empirical orthogonal function analysis shows that contributions of surface heating and the Kuroshio to sound speed variance are almost equivalent. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Pb2+对青蛤的急性毒性及对其血淋巴液中免疫相关酶活性的影响

采用静态急性毒性实验研究了重金属Pb~(2+)对青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)的生物急性毒性效应,测定了在96 h Pb~(2+)半致死浓度的1/10(TC组)和1/100(SC组)两个浓度胁迫下,血淋巴液中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和溶菌酶(LSZ)活性的变化。结果显示:Pb~(2+)的96 h LC50为7.938 mg/L; SC组ACP活性表现为诱导-抑制趋势,除4 d外均与对照组差异显著(P0.05), TC组为抑制趋势,为3个组中的最低,与对照组差异显著(P0.05);实验组SC组和TC组的AKP、LSZ活性均表现为前期为诱导中后期受抑制的趋势,与对照组差异显著(P0.05),且TC组活性始终低于SC组,表现出Pb~(2+)的胁迫浓度越高酶活性受到的抑制作用越大。以上结果表明,重金属Pb~(2+)对青蛤的毒性级别为高毒级,能造成青蛤免疫相关酶的活性受到抑制,影响青蛤的免疫能力,而且这种抑制作用随着环境中Pb~(2+)浓度增加而增加。     

Seasonal variations of water system distribution and flow patterns in the southern sea area of Hokkaido,Japan

Hydrographic data and composite current velocity data (ADCP and GEK) were used to examine the seasonal variations of upper-ocean flow in the southern sea area of Hokkaido, which includes the “off-Doto” and “Hidaka Bay” areas separated by Cape Erimo. During the heating season (April–September), the outflow of the Tsugaru Warm Current (TWC) from the Tsugaru Strait first extends north-eastward, and then one branch of TWC turns to the west along the shelf slope after it approaches the Hidaka Shelf. The main flow of TWC evolves continuously, extending eastward as far as the area off Cape Erimo. In the late cooling season (January–March), part of the Oyashio enters Hidaka Bay along the shallower part of the shelf slope through the area off Cape Erimo, replacing almost all of the TWC water, and hence the TWC devolves. It is suggested that the bottom-controlled barotropic flow of the Oyashio, which may be caused by the small density difference between the Oyashio and the TWC waters and the southward migration of main front of TWC, permits the Oyashio water to intrude along the Hidaka shelf slope.     

南黄海自生黄铁矿成因及其环境指示意义

样品为１９８９年采自南黄海，利用显微镜，电子显微镜，电子探针和化学分析方法，对自生黄铁矿的形态，成份和同位素特征进行研究，在此基础上就其成因与形成环境的关系进行初步探讨。研究结果表明，自生黄铁矿集合体形态可以分为聚莓，单莓和细粒３种，霉体特征的形态是早期成岩作用阶段沉积物随机堆积的结果，可以作了沉积成因黄铁矿的形态标型黄铁矿微量成份特征显示其沉积成因，同时亦表现对泥质沉积物地球化学背景值的继承性，     

大民屯凹陷地层水水文地质特征与油气聚集关系

对大民屯凹陷前第三系潜山、下第三系沙河街组地层水化学场研究发现，本区油田水总矿化度及二价阳离子浓度偏低，地层水总矿化度具有明显的垂向分带性，水体主要为陆相成因并受地表水渗入的影响较大，变质程度高，油田水的演化与盐类的溶解有关。该区地层水的流动受断裂和沉积砂体的控制，在水头压力、浮力动力场控制下其流动样式和分布规律反映了凹陷内油气的运聚规律，可为本区自生自储、新生古储式油气藏的判别提供有利证据。     

琼州海峡铁路轮渡新海湾港区泥沙淤积问题

海南省拟建琼州海峡铁路轮渡。本文通过对海峡南岸新海湾轮渡港址附近自然条件、岸滩演变和输沙特征的分析研究，对不同类型港区布置方案港内开挖区和航道的淤积强度、淤积量等进行了计算，并对不同防护建筑物的有效拦沙时间等进行了探讨和计算，提出了港区类型推荐方案。