对反向变分流电法勘探原理的剖析

本文阐明了反向变分流系统地下电流的分布特点和规律。文中还给出了反向变分流电阻率法视电阻率的异常表达式,计算了装置系数和电流分配系数之间的关系,并阐明其规律和作用。最后,作为一个例子,分析了水平地层上反向变分流电测深法视电阻率的异常分布规律,并指出它在勘探中的作用。     

Seismic response statistics of SDOF system to exponentially modulated coloured input: An explicit solution

For single-degree-of-freedom systems, this paper presents an explicit solution of response statistics to earthquake excitation modelled by modulated filtered white noise. The modulation is described by the sum of exponentially decaying functions, accounting for non-stationarity of strong ground motion. The solution was obtained by analysis in the time domain using the state-space approach and impulse responses. This solution is reducible to several known solutions for simpler cases. Also, it may be used to develop probabilistic seismic response spectra for design and retrofit of structures, such as highway bridges.     

端承桩基础轴向地震反应分析

本文对分层弹性地基中端承桩基础通过特性分析建立了合理的力学模型，通过动力分析，给出了端承桩基础轴向自振特性及在竖向地震载荷作用下强迫反应的解析解。文中的解析公式为分层弹性地基中的端承桩基础轴向动力反应分析提供了一种新的解析方法。     

台湾琉球地区Lg波的震相特征

根据浙闽台站记录的台湾琉球近震资料，研究了该区Ｌｇ波的组成及各震相的基本特征。研究表明，该区Ｌｇ波由多个速度不同的波群组成，在Ｌｇ１和Ｌｇ２两种波中可以分出Ｌｇ′１、Ｌｇ″１；和Ｌｇ′２、Ｌｇ″２四种震相，不同震区各震相的记录特征明显不同，鲜明地反映出地壳结构由大陆型向海洋型过渡的特点。此外，还对波列中的未知震相、影响震相记录特征的其它因素，以及震相标注和Ｌｇ波走时表等问题进行了讨论。     

A Preliminary Study on the Probabilistic Estimation of Deaths from Future Earthquakes in North China

During the period from 1800 to 1989,the degree of fatalities(?from earthquakes in North China(Lat.34.0°-42.0°N,Long.107.5°-125.0°E)varied exponentially with the frequency of earthquake events(N),namely:N=37.71 exp(-0.72?(E-logD,D:deaths).For the periods from 1988 to 1998 and from 1999 to 2009,the probabilities for earthquakes to cause one thousand or more deaths in North China are estimated to be 0.37 and 0.50,respectively,by using the Gumbel's extreme value theory.     

我国地形与暴雨的若干气候统计分析

本文以详实的资料，通过对我国不同的地区，不同地形特征的暴雨分析后，得出了地形对暴雨影响的若干气候统计特征。     

秦岭山脉对冷空气屏障的理论研究

利用二维大气中尺度数值模式，以１９７７年１月２０日－２２日的冷空气侵袭秦岭山区为例，从观测资料与数值计算两方面分析了由秦岭山脉的屏障作用而引起南北温差的主要原因。结果表明：这种屏障作用不仅体现在秦岭山脉对冷空气的阻挡作用上，而且还与秦岭南坡上的下坡风引起的绝热下沉增温有关。秦岭山脉对冷空气阻挡的动力原因除与秦岭山脉本身的拔海高度较高有关外，还与它的地形形状有关，尤其是位于秦岭北部的渭河河谷，它抑制冷空气入侵谷内，进而阻挡冷空气翻越秦岭山脉。     

Sulphur-containing compounds in sulphur-rich crude oils from hypersaline lake sediments and their geochemical implications

Three sulphur-rich commercial crude oils have been studied, which contain sulphur as high as up to 4–12%. These samples were collected from Tertiary hypersaline lake sediments of the Jianghan Basin, Hubei Province at different depths, but above the oil generation threshold (2200m). FPD-GC and GC-MS data show that aromatic fractions of the crude oils are composed of different homologues of sulphur-containing compounds, including long-chain normal alkyl-thiophenes and-thiolanes, long-chain isoprenoid-thiophenes and -thiolanes, and benzothiophenes. It is worth noting that the distribution patterns of long-chain alkyl-thiophenes and -thiolanes from two shallow-seated crude oils are quite similar to those of normal alkanes showing marked even-odd predominance. It seems that the even-odd predominance of sulphur-containing compounds decreases with increasing burial depth of the crude oils. The major component of aliphatic fraction is phytane, and similarly the major peaks of aromatic fractions also represent C₂₀ isoprenoid thiophenes. Some preliminary conclusions have been drawn from the above discussion: (1) Abundant sulphur-containing compounds may be used as an indicator of low mature or immature crude oils produced from hypersaline lake sediments; (2) Sulphur-containing compounds are considered to be early diagenetic products of reactions between elemental sulphur or sulfides and alkanes or their precursors (phytols, fatty acids, alcohols, etc.), or of bacterial activities, but not direct inputs of organisms.     

Stratigraphy,type and formation conditions of the late precambrian banded iron ores in south China

Based on research on the “Xinyu-type” Sinian iron deposits in Jiangxi Province and metamorphosed iron deposits in Jiangkou and Qidong of Hunan, Sanjiang and Yingyangguan of Guangxi, Longchuan of Guangdong and some other areas in Fujian, the authors have come to the following conclusions:

1. The metamorphosed late Precambrian iron ores widespread in south China may be roughly assigned to two ore belts, namely the Yiyang-Xinyu (Jiangxi)-Jiangkou(Hunan)-Sanjiang (Guangxi) ore belt or simply the north ore belt, and the Songzheng(Fujian)-Shicheng (Jiangxi)-Bailing (Longchuan of Guangdong)-Yingyangguan (Guangxi) ore belt or the south ore belt. Tectonically, the former lies along the southern margin of the “Jangnan Old Land”, while the latter along the northwestern border of the “Cathaysian Old Land”.
2. Iron deposits of this type occur exclusively in the same interglacial horizon of the Sinian Glaciation in south China. Above and below the ore bed there lie the glacial till-bearing volcanic-sedimentary layers.
3. Based on sedimentary features, the iron formations can be divided into four types: silica-iron-basalt formation, silica-iron-clastic rock formation, silica-iron-tuff formation and silica-iron-carbonate rock formation, which progressively grade into each other.
4. Iron ores were formed at the late stage of late Proterozoic rifting in neritic environments, with their distribution governed by the rift valleys on the margins of the “Jiangnan Old Land” and “Cathaysian Old Land”. Consequently, intense mafic volcanism as well as weathering and denudation of palaeocontinent during rifting provided material sources for the formation of iron deposits. Meanwhile, warm and humid stationary neritic environment during the south China great glacial period constitutes favorable palaeoclimatologic and palaeogeographic conditions for the deposition of iron ores.
5. The iron formations have undergone regional metamorphism of greenschist-amphibolite facies.

To sum up, the late Precambrian banded iron ores should be of metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary type.     

北京地区地壳Q值随深度的分布特征

地震波在介质中的衰减,是介质的重要特性之一,而Q值则是衡量衰减特性的主要物理参数,称之谓介质的品质因子。根据文献[1]提出的方法,用北京台网记到的近震直达P波资料,测定北京地区的大量Q值表明:Q值与P、S波到时差(t_s—t_p)有关;(t_s—t_P)大,测得的Q值也大;(t_s—t_P)小,测得的Q值也小。这种现象在朱传镇、李兴才