Source mechanism of small-moderate earth- quakes and tectonic stress field in Yunnan Province

IntroductionYunnanProvinceislocatedinthesouthofNorth-SouthseismiczoneinChina.ItisoneofthehighseismicactiveregionsinChinesemainland.Morethanonehundredstrongearthquakeswithmagnitude6ormoreoccurredinthisregioninhistory.AsanimportantsoutheasternmarginofTibetanPlateau,YunnanregionisahotspotinstudyonthedynamicsofTibetanPlateau.Theactionsofcompressivestressinnorth-southorientationandgravitationalpotentialcausedlateralextrusionofmaterialintheplateauwiththeupliftingofTibetanPlateau.Severalblocksa…     

东昆仑阿尔格山二叠纪生物礁的特征及其古地理古气候的意义

东昆仑山脉西段二叠纪生物礁由早二叠世、中二叠世的栖霞期和茅口期三个层位组成，早二叠世的礁和中二叠世栖霞期的礁是我国首次发现的，填补了我国二叠纪礁的空白。早二叠世礁的时代相当于阿赛尔-萨克马尔-阿丁斯克期，主要表现为海绵礁、苔藓虫礁和Shamovella(Tubiphytes)-古石孔藻礁。但缺失由Palaeoaplysina组成的礁。中二叠世栖霞期的礁表现为海绵-苔藓虫礁、Shamovella-苔藓虫礁和叶状藻礁。中二叠世茅口期的礁与栖霞期的礁类型基本一致。阿尔格山礁是塔吉克斯坦-喀拉昆仑地体的一个部分，该地体位于南纬30°以北的东特提斯海内。此处的二叠纪礁由各种生物组成，包括珊瑚海绵、苔藓虫、Shamovella.古石孔藻、棘皮类、有孔虫、叶状藻、粗枝藻以及腹足类等，推测该礁形成于温暖和炎热气候条件下的暖水内，而非冷水礁。     

全球定位系统GPS技术及其在地球动力学方面的应用

本文简述了GPS测量技术 ,重点介绍了福建地壳形变GPS观测网利用GPS定位技术在地壳形变监测方面及其在地球动力学方面的应用 ,并取得了有重要意义的科学成果。     

破坏性地震应急预案管理子系统的开发构想

本文阐述了以地震应急指挥流程为框架并基于WEB的管理系统的实现方案 ,对管理系统的使用和维护提出了相关建议。     

中国南方海相含油气保存单元的层次划分与综合评价

以最近十年中国南方的海相新区油气勘探评价成果为依托 ,以油气成藏和整体封闭保存体系评价为核心 ,在渝东—湘鄂西、中下扬子和滇黔桂三大区域划分出 9个有利区块 5 1个含油气保存单元 ,并将其归纳为四个层次。综合评价认为 ,方西和石柱保存单元具有较好的整体封存体系 ,属持续性含油气保存单元 ,为首选勘探目标 ;江汉盆地南部、句容—海安区块、南鄱阳坳陷、楚雄盆地东北部具备或基本具备整体封存条件 ,属于沉积重建型含油气保存单元 ,通过精细勘探可望获得商业性油气流 ;楚雄盆地西北部、南盘江坳陷、十万大山盆地和渝东—湘鄂西地区利川复向斜由于晚期强烈构造改造而仅存在部分封存体系 ,需要攻关探索 ;思茅、渝东—湘鄂西地区的花果坪和桑植—石门地区已失去整体封闭保存条件 ,仅局部存在封存体系 ,地质条件高度复杂 ,勘探风险甚高。     

柳林泉水化学特征及补给来源

简要叙述了柳林泉域岩溶地下水水文地质结构，明确了奥陶系上马家沟组为最主要的含水层，通过对柳林泉水及泉域内“奥灰”钻孔水质分析化验资料的主要水化学特征进行对比，确定了柳林泉南北两岸的补给来源不同，南岸来自东部子系统，北岸来自北部子系统。     

Evaluation of soil liquefaction in the Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake using CPT

During the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake, many sand boiling phenomena were observed in central Taiwan, which caused severe ground settlement and structure damages. According to the installed accelerograms, the peak ground surface horizontal accelerations in the liquefaction-affected areas range from 774.42 to 121.3 gal. The writers carried out an extensive investigation of soil liquefaction in this earthquake. In this paper, we present results of the CPT exploration and post-earthquake liquefaction analysis. Two hundred and seventy five (275) cone penetration test data were collected from the liquefaction-affected areas, and 46 liquefaction case histories and 88 non-liquefaction case histories were derived that can be used to evaluate the accuracy of existing liquefaction evaluation models. In addition, the strength of the liquefied soils after earthquake and the implication of its liquefaction potential in the future event are discussed.     

Influence of the zone of weakness on dip angle and shear heating of subducted slabs

We study the importance of the zones of weakness and the pattern of downgoing flow in steady-state models of subducting lithosphere, which interacts mechanically and thermally with the ambient mantle. The non-linear system of governing equations consists of (i) the momentum equation in stream function formulation and (ii) the steady-state heat transfer equation including conduction and advection of heat and dissipation. A finite element method has been applied to this system. We consider the viscosity to be a non-linear function of both the temperature and the stream function. In steady-state two-dimensional (2D) flow, the stream function isolines follow material trajectories. They are used to follow the top of the subducting slab, which because of its possible increase in water content, is assumed to have a lower viscosity. The zone of weakness has been thus obtained in the self-consistent fashion since the stream function as well as the temperature are the output from our modeling and no a priori assumptions about the shape of the bending lithosphere are taken into account. It was shown that several orders decrease of viscosity in the zone of weakness is required to obtain the dip angle of about 45°. If the decrease of viscosity is not sufficient enough, the subducted slab either sinks almost vertically or does not exhibit a plate-like behavior. We have also demonstrated that shear heating can unrealistically increase at the zone of weakness for fast subductions if decrease of viscosity is underestimated.