Petrogenesis of Luchuba and Wuchaba granitoids in western Qinling: geochronological and geochemical evidence

Mineralogy and Petrology - The West Qinling Orogenic Belt (WQOB) is a major portion of the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu Orogen and holds essential information for understanding the prolonged evolution of the...     

1918—2010年天津降水指数变化特征

利用天津1918—2010年逐日降水资料,分析了天津7个降水指数的长期变化趋势。结果发现:天津年降水量和降水日数年际差异较大,没有显著的趋势性变化。从1980年开始天津降水量和日数开始变小(少),方差也变小,四季中秋季降水量呈显著的增加趋势,夏季呈减少趋势,冬、春季变化较小。各极端降水指数中,均表现为线性趋势不明显,年际变化较大,20世纪90年代以来降水强度偏小,但呈缓慢的增加趋势,大雨日数也处于偏少阶段,大雨贡献率偏小,并呈减小趋势。四季中秋季连续5 d最大降水量呈显著的增加趋势,减少了秋季干旱的发生,最长连续无降水日数多发生在冬春季,近年来有增加的趋势。     

辽西建昌盆地九佛堂组珍稀化石层的划分与对比

为研究热河生物群的鸟类、爬行类和被子植物的早期演化、辐射迁移、生物多样性及其协同进化,笔者在建昌盆地测制了九佛堂组剖面,并系统采集了以珍稀化石为重点的生物化石。结合前人研究成果,将九佛堂组自下而上分为第一段至第三段,其中九佛堂组第一段西店层含鸟类、爬行类和龟类等珍稀化石,尚见介形类化石Cypridea decorosa,C.jianchanensis,Yumenia jianchanensis,Limnocypridea slundensis,L.levigata,L.rara等,表明该层的介形类化石与喀左九佛堂小孤山—烧锅地剖面及朝阳县波罗赤小北山—黄道营子剖面的九佛堂组第一段下部介形类化石组合面貌基本一致,其所在层位亦应相当。     

用SA雷达产品对京西三次局地暴雨落区形成的精细分析

利用新一代Doppler雷达各种探测产品,对2006年6月底至7月上旬北京西郊香山、石景山、门头沟一带落区相同的三次局地暴雨和大暴雨过程,进行精细分析和研究.重点分析雷达探测产品对落区在同一地点形成的短时临近影响系统和指示意义.研究表明,发生在北京西郊山前、落区相同的三次局地暴雨和大暴雨,其雷达回波发展和演变形式各不相同.但三次过程强降雨前,近地面平原东南风和边界层偏西风的垂直风廓线结构在地形作用下对暴雨落区形成的影响是一致的:近乎与山脉垂直的平原近地面东南风长时间(6小时左右)维持,增加山前局地近地面温湿条件,并在北京西郊山脉阻挡下,形成山前近地面局地辐合和强迫抬升.山顶附近边界层的偏西风为近地面空气强迫抬升后在边界层的后卷辐散提供了有利条件.研究还显示,落区附近单体风暴、逆风区辐合带、中气旋等中小尺度回波系统的活动和发展,是暴雨落区形成的重要因素.     

三峡库区优质柑橘产业带建设土地整理模式

以三峡库区优质柑橘产业带建设土地整理模式研究为目标,以重庆市万州区甘宁镇永胜等两个村土地整理项目（标准化柑橘园）为例,从工程、生物技术方面探讨了改土和配套农业产业化基础设施建设。研究表明：以三峡库区优质柑橘产业带建设目标的土地整理模式必须立足库区复杂多样的立地条件和生态一经济功能差异,配套服务早、中、晚熟不同柑橘品种产...     

东北黑土区容许土壤流失量研究(英文)

Soil loss tolerance(T) is the maximum rate of annual soil erosion that is tolerated and still allows a high level of crop productivity to be sustained economically and indefinitely.In the black soil region of Northeast China,an empirically determined,default T value of 200(t/km2?a) is used for designing land restoration strategies for different types of soils.The ob-jective of this study was to provide a methodology to calculate a quantitative T for different black soil species.A field investigation was conducted to determine the typical soil profiles of 21 black soil species in the study area and a quantitative methodology based on a modified soil productivity index model was established to calculate the T values.These values,which varied from 68 t/km2?a to 358 t/km2?a,yielded an average T value of 141 t/km2?a for the 21 soil species.This is 29.5% lower than the current national standard T value.Two significant factors that influenced the T value were soil thickness and vulnerability to erosion.An ac-ceptable reduction rate of soil productivity over a planned time period of 1% is recommended as necessary for maintaining long-term sustainable soil productivity.Compared with the cur-rently used of regional unified standard T value,the proposed method,which determines T using specific soil profile indices,has more practical implications for effective,sustainable management of soil and water conservation.     

A new method for testing pile by single-impact energy and <Emphasis Type="Italic">P-S</Emphasis> curve

By studying the pile-formula and stress-wave methods (e.g., CASE method), the authors propose a new method for testing piles using the single-impact energy and P-S curves. The vibration and wave figures are recorded, and the dynamic and static displacements are measured by different transducers near the top of piles when the pile is impacted by a heavy hammer or micro-rocket. By observing the transformation coefficient of driving energy (total energy), the consumed energy of wave motion and vibration and so on, the vertical bearing capacity for single pile is measured and calculated. Then, using the vibration wave diagram, the dynamic relation curves between the force (P) and the displacement (S) is calculated and the yield points are determined. Using the static-loading test, the dynamic results are checked and the relative constants of dynamic-static P-S curves are determined. Then the subsidence quantity corresponding to the bearing capacity is determined. Moreover, the shaped quality of the pile body can be judged from the formation of P-S curves.     

哈尔滨市延寿地震台竖直摆倾斜同震效应分析

分析了2004年12月以来全球7级以上强震和中国5级以上地震的同震效应特征,当震中距较小时,同震应变阶似单纯的阶跃;而当震中距较大时,阶跃具有脉冲的形式,曲线有一个往返变化。初步总结了不同震中距时,竖直摆倾斜记录地震波动的能力。     

Seasonal changes in the abundance and composition of plant pigments in particulate organic carbon in the lower Mississippi and Pearl Rivers

Plant pigments in particulate organic carbon were examined in the lower Mississippi and Pearl Rivers (U.S.), along with physical variables and nutrients to study seasonal changes in the abundance and composition of phytoplankton. Water samples were collected monthly from September 2001 to August 2003 in the lower Mississippi River (MR; no samples were taken in February 2002) and from August 2001 to July 2003 in the Pearl River (PR). High concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), nutrients, and chlorophylla (chla; dominated by diatoms) were observed in the lower MR. The smaller blackwater PR was characterized by lower nutrients and chla, higher ultraviolet absorbance, and a phytoplankton biomass dominated by chlorophytes. Chla concentrations in the lower MR was high in summer low-flow periods and also during interims of winter and spring, and did not couple with physical variables and nutrients, likely due to a combination of in situ production and inputs from reservoirs, navigation locks and oxbow lakes in the upper MR and Missouri River. Chla concentrations in the PR was only high in summer low-flow periods and were controlled by temperature and concentrations of chromophoric dissolved organic matter 9CDOM). The high, diatom-dominated phytoplankton biomass in the lower MR was likely the result of decreasing TSS (increased damming in the watershed) and increasing nutrients (enhanced agricultural runoff) over the past few decades. Lower phytoplankton biomass (dominated by chlorophytes) in the PR was likely linked with intense shading by CDOM and lower availability of nutrient inputs. An increase in the relative importance of phytoplankton biomass in large turbid rivers, such as the MR, could have significant effects on the age and lability of riverine organic matter entering the ocean, the stoichiometric balance of nutrients delivered to coastal margins, and the sequestration of atmospheric CO₂ in these dynamic regions.     

东海外陆架浅孔沉积物的岩性和磁性特征及成因讨论?

利用东海外陆架的10根柱状样，进行磁性、粒度、氯离子含量和粘土矿物分析。结果表明：在东海外陆架扬子浅滩前缘，浅部沉积地层自上而下可分为两层。上层为砂泥混合物，含大量贝壳碎片，磁化率与饱和等温剩磁较强，主要是磁铁矿富集所致，反映了冰后期海侵对晚更新世沉积物的强烈改造。研究还发现，现代海底表层沉积物中存在铁硫化物，它是浅海还原环境中铁磁性矿物次生变化的产物。下层为坚硬致密的黄褐色泥质粉砂和粉砂质泥（硬土层），磁化率与饱和等温剩磁较弱，但局部存在剩磁异常高，从矫顽力等磁性特征证明它是硫复铁矿的富集所致。另外，在硫复铁矿富集层中绿泥石和氯离子含量明显富集，反映该硬土层是早期海侵沉积物在末次冰期干冷气候条件下的风化产物。