黑龙江鸡东五星铂钯矿床含矿岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

黑龙江省鸡东五星铂钯矿床的成岩成矿时代长期未能确定。通过对其含矿岩体内的单颗粒锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的测定, 获得的12组实验数据的年龄变化区间为35.8～40.3 Ma, 加权平均年龄为37.79 ±0.76 Ma; 结合锆石的CL图像特征, 初步确立五星含矿岩体的成岩和铜镍、铂钯成矿年龄发生在始新世晚期, 考虑其形成时代与敦密断裂带的碱性玄武岩浆喷发作用事件相一致, 因此形成环境应与敦密深断裂作用有关, 并为东北地区进一步寻找铜镍、铂钯矿床指明了方向。     

松辽盆地北部西斜坡地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析

本文从基础地质条件出发,全面分析了松辽盆地北部西斜坡的铀成矿条件,认为该区具有丰富的铀源和平缓东倾单斜构造、辫状河沉积体系和辫状河三角洲沉积体系,有发育良好的透水层和隔水层,补-径-排机制较完善。水文地质条件较好,具有渗入型自流水盆地特征,具备了地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿地质条件,勘探前景广阔。     

华北地区未来气候变化的高分辨率数值模拟

使用20km高水平分辨率的区域气候模式RegCM3,单向嵌套FvGCM/CCM3全球模式,进行了中国区域气候变化的数值模拟试验,分析华北地区夏半年4-9月的气温、降水和高温、干旱事件的变化。模式积分时间分为两个时段,分别为当代的1961-1990年和在IPCC SRES A2温室气体排放情景下的21世纪末2071-2100年。模式检验结果表明:在大部分月份,区域模式对当代气候的模拟都较全球模式更好。两个模式模拟的未来气温和降水变化,在空间分布型和量级上都有一定不同,如区域模式的升温更高,降水出现大范围减少等。此外,使用日最高气温不低于35℃的日数(D_(T35))和考虑了湿度因素的炎热指数(I_(H))不低于35℃的日数(D_(H135)),分析了区域模式模拟的未来高温事件变化,结果表明:未来华北地区D_(T35)和平原地区D_(H135)均有较大增加。未来华北地区的连续干旱日数(CDD)将增加,依照UNEP(United Nations Environment Programme)干旱指数(A_(U))给出的气候湿润区将有较大幅度减少,而半湿润半干旱区和半干旱区面积将增加。     

近55 a来安阳日照时数变化趋势及未来变化趋势分析

依据安阳市近55 a(1954-2008年)逐年和逐月日照观测数据,运用线性倾向估计法和Mann-Kendall法,分析了安阳市日照时数的年际和季节变化趋势.在此基础上,运用Hurst指数对该市未来日照时数变化趋势进行了预测.结果表明:安阳市年日照时数总体呈减少趋势;日照时数季节差异较为明显,四季减少趋势强度为:冬季>夏季>秋季>春季;在未来一段时期内,安阳年日照时数仍保持与过去55 a相同的变化趋势,呈减少趋势.     

基于LDM的实时气象资料分发服务系统

为了提高各级用户对实时气象资料的使用效率,改变以往用户从省气象信息中心调取资料的传统方式,由主动调取变为自动获取,省气象信息中心采用LDM作为底层通信传输和管理系统,根据需求将实时资料以省气象信息中心为中心向各地市级用户进行推送,实现了实时资料的主动分发服务。本文论述了LDM软件的功能和特点及基于LDM软件的实时气象资料分发服务系统的设计与实现。     

The MJO in an AGCM with three different cumulus parameterization schemes

The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is simulated using an AGCM with three different cumulus parameterization schemes: a moist convective adjustment (MCA) scheme, the Zhang–McFarlane (ZM) mass-flux scheme, and the Tiedtke scheme. Results show that the simulated MJO is highly dependent on the cumulus parameterization used. Among the three cumulus parameterizations, only the MCA scheme produces MJO features similar to observations, including the reasonable spatial distribution, intraseasonal time scales and eastward propagation. Meanwhile, the amplitude is too large and the eastward propagation speed too fast than observations and the relationship between precipitation and low-level wind anomaly is unrealistic with enhanced convection occurring within easterly anomalies instead of westerly anomalies as in observations. The over-dependence of precipitation on boundary convergence produced by the MCA scheme is presumably responsible for this unrealistic phase relation in the simulation. The other two schemes produce very poor simulations of the MJO: spectral power of westward propagation is larger than that of eastward propagation in zonal wind and precipitation, indicating a westward propagation of the intraseasonal variability.The mean state and vertical profile of diabatic heating are perhaps responsible for the differences in these simulations. The MCA scheme produces relatively realistic climate background. When either ZM or Tiedtke scheme is used, the observed extension of westerly winds from the western Pacific to the dateline is missing and precipitation over the equatorial region and SPCZ is dramatically underestimated. In addition, diabatic heating produced by both ZM and Tiedtke schemes are very weak and nearly uniform with height. The heating profile produced by the MCA scheme has a middle-heavy structure with much larger magnitude than those produced by the other two schemes. In addition, a very unrealistic boundary layer heating maximum produced by the MCA scheme induces too strong surface convergence, which perhaps contributes to the too strong intraseasonal variability in the simulation.     

Maser Emission of Relativistic Electrons Spiralling and Drifting in Curved Magnetic Fields

Synchro-curvature radiation describes the emission from a relativistic charged par- ticle which is moving and spiralling in a curved magnetic field. We investigate the maser emission for synchro-curvature radiation including drift of the guiding center of the radiating electron. It is shown that under some conditions the absorption coefficient can be negative, so maser can happen. These conditions are different from those needed for maser emission of curvature radiation including drift of the charged particles. We point out that our results, in- cluding the emissivity, can reduce to these of curvature radiation. Previously it was found that synchro-curvature radiation can not generate maser in vacuum, but we argue that synchro- curvature radiation including drift can generate maser even in vacuum. We discuss the possi- bilities of the potential applications of the synchro-curvature maser in modeling gamma ray bursts and pulsars.     

深源花岗岩中的碳氢化合物

利用石油地球化学的溶剂抽提和气相色谱技术研究了北京延庆碓臼峪花岗岩（深源花岗岩）样品中的可溶有机质，同时用高温处理过的石英砂进行空白对比实验。结果表明，所研究的两个花岗岩样品中均存在少量的高碳数碳氢化合物，且具有相同的成分特征。这为自然界存在深源的长链碳氢化合物提供了新的证据，也为解释花岗岩浆演化晚期水热流体中短链羧酸的成因提供了线索。