胡尖山油田长9段储层孔隙结构表征及影响因素分析

通过岩心观察、普通薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜以及压汞测试等分析手段,对胡尖山油田长9段储层岩石学、物性和孔隙结构表征及控制因素等方面进行研究。研究表明,长9段储层岩性以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,储集空间以剩余粒间孔为主,喉道较细,物性较差,属于低孔低渗储层。利用分形维数结合压汞参数对储层孔隙结构进行表征,基于此将目的储层划分为4类,建立不同类型储层测井响应,明确不同类型储层的平面分布。认为沉积和成岩作用控制孔隙结构的形成,其中沉积作用是影响储层孔隙结构的先决条件,而成岩作用是决定储层孔隙结构特征的关键因素。压实和胶结作用对孔隙结构起破坏作用,溶蚀作用则改善储层孔隙结构。以上研究成果对研究区长9段储层的分类评价及下一步的油气勘探具有指导意义。

     

酸碱软硬度在成矿理论研究中的应用

以Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸碱理论为基础发展起来的酸碱软硬度的理论广泛地应用于解释各类化学现象,包括类质同象置换,共生,应用于评价和预测化学反应极为简便和实用。然而,软硬酸碱度原理的理论基础尚在不断地充实之中。本文简要讨论了硫化物矿物的酸碱势标度,用酸碱软硬度理论解释了矿物的类质同象现象,是应用酸碱软硬度理论揭示和完善矿物成矿理论的一种偿试。     

我国人地关系研究进展评述

我国科学化的人地关系研究，起步于20世纪初期，受西方“科学思潮”和我国古代地理学特质的双重影响，形成了以人地关系研究为核心、注重人文与自然统一和野外考察的传统。50年代至70年代，人文地球学一度遭到否定，地理学的自然研究与人文研究出现严重割裂，科学体系的建立被长期中断，致使人地关系研究全面衰退。80年代以来，我国人地关系研究在科学体系和理论体系的构建、国际学术前沿领域的追踪、人地关系地域系统等方面取得长足发展，文章在总结我国人地关系研究进展和存在问题基础上，提出今后研究方向和发展对策。     

Responses of global terrestrial water use efficiency to climate change and rising atmospheric CO2 concentration in the twenty-first century

Terrestrial ecosystems play a significant role in global carbon and water cycles because of the substantial amount of carbon assimilated through net primary production and large amount of water loss through evapotranspiration (ET). Using a process-based ecosystem model, we investigate the potential effects of climate change and rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration on global terrestrial ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) during the twenty-first century. Future climate change would reduce global WUE by 16.3% under high-emission climate change scenario (A2) and 2.2% under low-emission climate scenario (B1) during 2010–2099. However, the combination of rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration and climate change would increase global WUE by 7.9% and 9.4% under A2 and B1 climate scenarios, respectively. This suggests that rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration could ameliorate climate change-induced WUE decline. Future WUE would increase significantly at the high-latitude regions but decrease at the low-latitude regions under combined changes in climate and atmospheric CO₂. The largest increase of WUE would occur in tundra and boreal needleleaf deciduous forest under the combined A2 climate and atmospheric CO₂ scenario. More accurate prediction of WUE requires deeper understanding on the responses of ET to rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and its interactions with climate.     

Phylogeography of Batrachospermum arcuatum in North China based on ITS sequence data

Batrachospermum arcuatum Kylin is typically dioecious,although some monoecious specimens have been collected from four locations in North China.In this study,B.arcuatum populations,including monoecious and dioecious thalli,were collected from seven stream segments.The nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region was sequenced for the seven populations,and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using Bayesian inference to assess intraspecifi c relationships.A haplotype network was also created.The ITS region in B.arcuatum from North China comprised 822–853 bp,with 10 haplotypes detected from the seven locations.The results of this study support the inclusion of monoecious individuals in the species B.arcuatum.     

ITRF2005框架下GPS、VLBI和SLR地心坐标速度的精度检测

为了解ITRF2005框架下GPS、VLBI和SLR3种空间技术确定地心坐标速度的真正实现精度,利用这3种技术在并置站上的地心坐标速度进行了相互比较,经七参数转换后,可获得任意两种技术地心坐标速度不符值的中误差,以此作为外符精度,可以看出：VLBI、GPS和SLR地心坐标速度三分量的外符精度在1 mm/a之内,SLR与VLBI和GPS地心坐标速度的三分量的外符精度较差,而VLBI与GPS的外符精度较高。表明VLBI和GPS实现的地心坐标速度精度比SLR高。     

基于矿业权实地核查成果数据的县(市)矿政管理一张图建设

在简要分析矿业权实地核查成果数据特点的基础上,结合我国矿政管理的实际情况,提出了以单矿业权实地核查成果为基本数据源、以县为基本地域单元的矿政管理一张图建设的基本框架、工作模式和基本方法,对于推进研究成果对矿政管理一张图建设具有重要的探索意义.     

Mitochondrial DNA control region diversity and population structure of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) in the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan

To investigate the genetic variation and population structure of Pacific herring in the Yellow Sea and the genetic differentiation between the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan,fragments of 479-bp mitochondrial DNA control region were sequenced for 110 individuals collected from three different periods in the Yellow Sea and one locality in the Sea of Japan.High haplotype diversity and moderate nucleotide diversity were observed in Pacific herring.AMOVA and exact test of population differentiation showed no significant genetic differentiations among the three populations of the Yellow Sea and suggested the populations can be treated as a single panmictic stock in the Yellow Sea.However,a large and significant genetic differentiation(WST50.11;P50.00) was detected between the populations in the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan.The high sea water temperature in the Tsushima Strait was thought a barrier to block the gene exchange between populations of the two sea areas.The neutrality tests and mismatch distribution indicated recent population expansion in Pacific herring.