Mechanisms of land–sea interactions – the distribution of metals and sedimentary organic matter in sediments of a river-dominated Mediterranean karstic estuary

This paper examines disposal of metals and the origin, characteristics, and distribution of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) in a Mediterranean karstic estuary in the north-eastern Adriatic. This environment offers a real-time, small model system for studies of geochemical processes in microtidal Mediterranean estuaries that are infilling with sediments and classified as river-dominated disequilibrium estuaries. The results have shown that the longitudinal distribution of heavy metals in sediments follows the sedimentation dynamics and deposition pattern of river-borne, clay mineral particles. The highest concentration of metals was found in the restricted upper part of the estuary, characterized by rapid deposition of clay particles and terrestrial sedimentary organic matter, and decreases toward the open sea. The vertical distribution of metals in sediment cores depends on the prevailing pH and Eh conditions. Significant increases of the concentrations of metals in the uppermost strata are the result of recent anthropogenic inputs. The share of the terrestrial component in SOM, estimated by N/C_org atomic ratios and δ¹³C values, decreases with distance from the river mouth. The small vertical variation in δ¹³C values of SOM indicates that a fast sedimentation rate overrides the diagenetically determined decomposition. The results obtained indicate that river-borne inorganic particles, natural terrigenous organic material, and anthropogenic metal loads are trapped in sediments of the estuarine system. Under the prevailing conditions, there is negligible transport towards the open sea.     

44-year wave hindcast for the Eastern Mediterranean

Within the EU-funded project HIPOCAS (Hindcast of Dynamic Processes of the Ocean and Coastal Area of Europe), high-resolution wave hindcasts were performed for the period 1958–2001 over the Eastern Mediterranean. The state-of-the-art WAM model was used for producing the 44-year wave data set. The wave model was driven by wind data generated from the regional atmospheric model REMO. The WAM model outputs of significant wave height were validated against in-situ measurements and satellite data. The model results show a good agreement with observations. The homogeneous wave data set produced by the model was then used for a study of long-term variability and climatic trends in the region.     

Identification of AOSC-binding proteins in neurons

Acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain （AOSC）, a D-mannuronic acid oligosaccharide, derived from brownalgaepolysaccharide, has been completed Phase I clinical trial in China as an anti-Alzheimer＇s Disease （AD） drug candidate. The identification of AOSC-binding protein（s） in neurons is very important for understanding its action mechanism. To determine the binding protein（s） of AOSC in neurons mediating its anti-AD activities, confocal microscopy, affinity chromatography, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） analysis were used. Confocal microscopy analysis shows that AOSC binds to SH-SY5Y cells in concentration-, time-, and temperature-dependent fashions. The AOSC binding proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and identified by LC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that there are 349 proteins binding AOSC, including clathrin, adaptor protein-2 （AP-2） and amyloid precursor protein （APP）. These results suggest that the binding/entrance of AOSC to neurons is probably responsible for anti-AD activities.     

深埋长隧道岩爆的预测预报及防治初探

岩爆是深埋长隧道的主要工程地质问题之一。目前基于岩爆理论和岩爆破坏机制虽提出了许多理论预测方法,但用于生产实际都有困难。作者在现场调研和查阅国内外文献资料基础上,对岩爆的预测预报及防治对策进行探讨 。     

内蒙古别鲁乌图晚古生代火山岩Sm－Nd同位素研究

内蒙古别鲁乌图火山－沉积岩系主要由变质砂屑岩、凝灰质板岩、安山岩和酸性火山岩及少量玄武岩组成，成岩环境为大陆边缘裂陷盆地。９件安山岩和玄武岩全岩样品Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素等时年龄为２７５±５．２Ｍａ（２δ），Ｉ＿Ｎｄ＝０．５１２１４３±３０（２δ）和ε＿Ｎｄ（ｔ）＝－２．７±２．２（２δ），这一年龄值代表了别鲁乌图组镁铁火山岩的形成时代。研究表明：玄武岩和安山岩岩浆起源于ＲＥＥ富集的地幔源并且受到了陆壳物质混染。钠长流纹斑岩和流纹质凝灰熔岩的ε＿Ｎｄ（２７５Ｍａ）值变化范围为－６．３－－５．４，明显低于安山岩和玄武岩，结合其它地质证据，我们认为：它们是大陆壳岩石重熔的产物。     

Temporal variations of heavy metals in coral Porites lutea from Guangdong Province, China： Influences from industrial pollution, climate and economic factors

1 IntroductionCorals are an important proxy for reconstructingpaleo-environment and revealing global changes in thepast. Variations of heavy metals in the growth bands ofcorals can provide important information about the oce-anic environment.Bastidas and …     

Simulating experiment on the hydrothermal superimposing metallogenesis of the Dongguashan strata-bound copper deposit

Series of sedimentary hydrothermal-diplogenetic copper deposits have been found scattering in the region along the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and their metallogenetic mechanism is still in hot debate. In order to reveal the ore-forming kinetics of sedimentary process and hydrothermal superimposition, and evaluate the role of sedimentary pyrite in the enrichment and precipitation of copper, a set of simulating experiments on the reaction between pyrite and CuCl2 solution were conducted. According to the physicochemical characteristics of the ore-forming fluid of the Dongguashan copper deposit, Anhui Province, 100 MPa was selected as the experimental pressure, and the experimental temperatures were set at 450, 350, 250 and 150°C, respectively. The reactions between pyrite grains isolated from the Shimenkou strata-bound pyrite deposit and the solution with 0.2 mol/L CuCl2 and 1.0 mol/L NaCl were experimentally simulated. Then, variations in surface topography and surface chemistry of the experimental pyrite grains were documented using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Auger electron spectrometry (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the solution and newly formed minerals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Desulphurization of pyrite surface was observed and new copper minerals were detected. It is proposed that pyrite can act as a geochemical barrier for the enrichment and precipitation of copper from the solution under the experimental conditions. Furthermore, the ore-forming mechanism of sedimentary hydrothermal-diplogenetic copper deposits was discussed.     

内蒙古拜仁达坝铅-锌-银矿床:元素分带及其成因

内蒙中东部拜仁达坝矿床是一个以石炭纪石英闪长岩及锡林浩特杂岩为赋矿围岩的断裂充填型热液脉状铅-锌-银多金属矿床。矿床分东西两个矿段,拜东矿区1号矿体及拜西矿区3号矿体是矿床的主要矿体。矿体沿着走向方向具有明显的矿化分带特征,锌-铜矿石、锌矿石及铅-锌-银矿石依次从矿化中心向外侧产出。代表性矿体拜东矿区1号矿体的块段金属量、平均品位及元素比值由西向东沿着走向方向显示出明显而系统的变化规律。锌的块段金属量由西向东逐渐减少,铅和银的矿段金属量则先增加后下降;锌的块段平均品位由西向东逐渐降低,铅和银的块段平均品位则先上升随后下降;Ag/Pb值先上升随后下降,Ag/Zn和Pb/Zn值则逐渐上升。这种矿化的分带性可能是成矿热液在中偏高温向低温演化的过程中,沿着矿体的走向方向从矿化中心向外侧运移,在矿体不同位置有选择地将成矿物质卸载的结果。而成矿热液在断裂系统内与不同比例大气水的混合则可能是成矿系统内温度梯度形成的重要原因。矿床中不同位置的矿物组合记录了成矿热液中硫逸度由高向低,pH值由低向高的演化过程。拜仁达坝矿床与邻近的维拉斯托矿床组成了一个由温度场控制的具有明显矿化分带现象的低硫化热液脉状多金属成矿系统。     

Rujevac Sb-Pb-Zn-As polymetallic deposit,Boranja orefield,Western Serbia: native arsenic and arsenic mineralization

Rujevac is a low-temperature hydrothermal polymetallic Sb-Pb-Zn-As vein-type ore deposit, hosted within a volcanogenic-sedimentary zone situated in the Rujevac-Crvene Stene-Brezovica Diabase-Chert Formation (DCF) of the Podrinje Metallogenic District (PMD), Serbia. It is located several kilometers SE from the Boranja contact aureole, which is an integral part of the PMD in Western Serbia. Genetically related to the Tertiary granodioritic magma, the mineral assemblages are characterized by specific features. The mineral association of this deposit consists of sulfides, Pb-Sb(As) sulfosalts, native metals, oxides, hydroxides and gangue minerals. Chemical composition of the ore is very complex, where contents of valuable metals range as follows: Sb (0.17–24.31 wt.%), Zn (0.21–6.29 wt.%), Pb (0.15–6.33 wt.%), As (0.06–1.28 wt.%), Cd (25–747 ppm), Ag (7–408 ppm), Hg (13–473 ppm), and Tl (<1–29 ppm). Electron Probe Microanalyses (EPMA) of native arsenic from both the Rujevac and Stragari deposits showed contents of As up to 98.8 and 97.1 wt.%, with impurity contents of Sb up to 1.3 and 6.6 wt.%, and Tl up to 2 and 1.3 wt.%, respectively. Rhombohedral unit-cell parameters for native arsenic from Rujevac and Stragari deposits amount to: a?=?3.760(2), c?=?10.555(3) Å, V?=?129.23(7) ų and a?=?3.763(1), c?=?10.560(5) Å, V?=?129.48(8) ų, respectively. Mineral assemblages, deposition order and genesis of the Rujevac polymetallic deposit were also discussed in detail. Native arsenic mineralization here has been additionally compared with similar well-known global deposits.     

堵江滑坡作坝主要是工程地质问题及实例

国内外大量的文献资料和作者的野外现场调查表明,滑坡堵江成坝形成堰塞湖在山区一带广泛发育研究发现堵江滑坡作坝存在的地质问题,主要包括坝体的渗透变形、稳定性、沉降及不均匀沉降和砂土液化问题。对上术叶质问题进行探讨,并对堵江滑坡坝进行实例分析,对开发利用滑坡堵江形成堰寒湖藏的丰富水能资源具有指导作用。