全文获取类型
收费全文 | 446篇 |
免费 | 31篇 |
国内免费 | 29篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 17篇 |
大气科学 | 66篇 |
地球物理 | 94篇 |
地质学 | 191篇 |
海洋学 | 56篇 |
天文学 | 44篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
自然地理 | 34篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 49篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2009年 | 32篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 18篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 26篇 |
2004年 | 28篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1927年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有506条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
21.
Joel Sanchez-Bermudez Florentin Millour Fabien Baron Roy van Boekel Laurent Bourgès Gilles Duvert Paulo J. V. Garcia Nuno Gomes Karl-Heinz Hofmann Thomas Henning Jacob W. Isbell Bruno Lopez Alexis Matter J-Uwe Pott Dieter Schertl Eric Thiébaut Gerd Weigelt John Young 《Experimental Astronomy》2018,46(3):457-473
During the last two decades, the first generation of beam combiners at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer has proved the importance of optical interferometry for high-angular resolution astrophysical studies in the near- and mid-infrared. With the advent of 4-beam combiners at the VLTI, the u ? v coverage per pointing increases significantly, providing an opportunity to use reconstructed images as powerful scientific tools. Therefore, interferometric imaging is already a key feature of the new generation of VLTI instruments, as well as for other interferometric facilities like CHARA and JWST. It is thus imperative to account for the current image reconstruction capabilities and their expected evolutions in the coming years. Here, we present a general overview of the current situation of optical interferometric image reconstruction with a focus on new wavelength-dependent information, highlighting its main advantages and limitations. As an Appendix we include several cookbooks describing the usage and installation of several state-of-the art image reconstruction packages. To illustrate the current capabilities of the software available to the community, we recovered chromatic images, from simulated MATISSE data, using the MCMC software SQUEEZE. With these images, we aim at showing the importance of selecting good regularization functions and their impact on the reconstruction. 相似文献
22.
C. Langlais B. Barnier J.M. Molines P. Frauni D. Jacob S. Kotlarski 《Ocean Modelling》2009,30(4):270-286
The paper evaluates atmospheric reanalysis as possible forcing of model simulations of the ocean circulation inter-annual variability in the Gulf of Lions in the Western Mediterranean Sea between 1990 and 2000. The sensitivity of the coastal atmospheric patterns to the model resolution is investigated using the REMO regional climate model (18 km, 1 h), and the recent global atmospheric reanalysis ERA40 (125 km, 6 h). At scales from a few years to a few days, both atmospheric data sets exhibit a very similar weather, and agreement between REMO and ERA40 is especially good on the seasonal cycle and at the daily variability scale. At smaller scales, REMO reproduces more realistic spatio-temporal patterns in the ocean forcing: specific wind systems, particular atmospheric behaviour on the shelf, diurnal cycle, sea-breeze. Ocean twin experiments (1990–1993) clearly underline REMO skills to drive dominant oceanic processes in this microtidal area. Finer wind patterns induce a more realistic circulation and hydrology of the shelf water: unique shelf circulation, upwelling, temperature and salinity exchanges at the shelf break. The hourly sampling of REMO introduces a diurnal forcing which enhances the behaviour of the ocean mixed layer. In addition, the more numerous wind extremes modify the exchanges at the shelf break: favouring the export of dense shelf water, enhancing the mesoscale variability and the interactions of the along slope current with the bathymetry. 相似文献
23.
High‐ to ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism in the lower crust: An example resulting from Hikurangi Plateau collision and slab rollback in New Zealand 下载免费PDF全文
Jean‐Baptiste Jacob James M. Scott Rose E. Turnbull Matthew S. Tarling Matthew W. Sagar 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2017,35(8):831-853
Lower crustal xenoliths erupted from an intraplate diatreme reveal that a portion of the New Zealand Gondwana margin experienced high‐temperature (HT) to ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) granulite facies metamorphism just after flat slab subduction ceased at c. 110–105 Ma. P–T calculations for garnet–orthopyroxene‐bearing felsic granulite xenoliths indicate equilibration at ~815 to 910°C and 0.7 to 0.8 GPa, with garnet‐bearing mafic granulite xenoliths yielding at least 900°C. Supporting evidence for the attainment of HT and UHT conditions in felsic granulite comes from re‐integration of exsolution in feldspar (~900–950°C at 0.8 GPa), Ti‐in‐zircon thermometry on Y‐depleted overgrowths on detrital zircon grains (932°C ± 24°C at aTiO2 = 0.8 ± 0.2), and correlation of observed assemblages and mineral compositions with thermodynamic modelling results (≥850°C at 0.7 to 0.8 GPa). The thin zircon overgrowths, which were mainly targeted by drilling through the cores of grains, yield a U–Pb pooled age of 91.7 ± 2.0 Ma. The cause of Late Cretaceous HT‐UHT metamorphism on the Zealandia Gondwana margin is attributed to collision and partial subduction of the buoyant oceanic Hikurangi Plateau in the Early Cretaceous. The halt of subduction caused the fore‐running shallowly dipping slab to rollback towards the trench position and permitted the upper mantle to rapidly increase the geothermal gradient through the base of the extending (former) accretionary prism. This sequence of events provides a mechanism for achieving regional HT–UHT conditions in the lower crust with little or no sign of this event at the surface. 相似文献
24.
This study delineated spatially and temporally variable runoff generation areas in the Sand Mountain region pasture of North Alabama under natural rainfall conditions, and demonstrated that hydrologic connectivity is important for generating hillslope response when infiltration‐excess (IE) runoff mechanism dominates. Data from six rainfall events (13·7–32·3 mm) on an intensively instrumented pasture hillslope (0·12 ha) were analysed. Analysis of data from surface runoff sensors, tipping bucket rain gauge and HS‐flume demonstrated spatial and temporal variability in runoff generation areas. Results showed that the maximum runoff generation area, which contributed to runoff at the outlet of the hillslope, varied between 67 and 100%. Furthermore, because IE was the main runoff generation mechanism on the hillslope, the data showed that as the rainfall intensity changed during a rainfall event, the runoff generation areas expanded or contracted. During rainfall events with high‐intensity short‐ to medium‐duration, 4–8% of total rainfall was converted to runoff at the outlet. Rainfall events with medium‐ to low‐intensity, medium‐duration were found less likely to generate runoff at the outlet. In situ soil hydraulic conductivity (k) was measured across the hillslope, which confirmed its effect on hydrologic connectivity of runoff generation areas. Combined surface runoff sensor and k‐interpolated data clearly showed that during a rainfall event, lower k areas generate runoff first, and then, depending on rainfall intensity, runoff at the outlet is generated by hydrologically connected areas. It was concluded that in IE‐runoff‐dominated areas, rainfall intensity and k can explain hydrologic response. The study demonstrated that only connected areas of low k values generate surface runoff during high‐intensity rainfall events. Identification of these areas would serve as an important foundation for controlling nonpoint source pollutant transport, especially phosphorus. The best management practices can be developed and implemented to reduce transport of phosphorus from these hydrologically connected areas. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
25.
26.
Paul E. Fell Nancy C. Olmstead Elaine Carlson William Jacob Diane Hitchcock Gregory Silber 《Estuaries and Coasts》1982,5(3):234-239
The distribution of macroinvertebrates on Connecticut tidal marshes corresponds well with that reported for other marshes along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. The greatest densities and biomass of the ribbed mussel,Geukensia demissa, were found on marshes in the central and western part of the state where both the annual production ofSpartina alterniflora and tidal range are large. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A01BY019 00011 相似文献
27.
M. Déqué R. G. Jones M. Wild F. Giorgi J. H. Christensen D. C. Hassell P. L. Vidale B. Rockel D. Jacob E. Kjellström M. de. Castro F. Kucharski B. van den Hurk 《Climate Dynamics》2005,25(6):653-670
Four high resolution atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) have been integrated with the standard forcings of the
PRUDENCE experiment: IPCC-SRES A2 radiative forcing and Hadley Centre sea surface temperature and sea-ice extent. The response
over Europe, calculated as the difference between the 2071–2100 and the 1961–1990 means is compared with the same diagnostic
obtained with nine Regional Climate Models (RCM) all driven by the Hadley Centre atmospheric GCM. The seasonal mean response
for 2m temperature and precipitation is investigated. For temperature, GCMs and RCMs behave similarly, except that GCMs exhibit
a larger spread. However, during summer, the spread of the RCMs—in particular in terms of precipitation—is larger than that
of the GCMs. This indicates that the European summer climate is strongly controlled by parameterized physics and/or high-resolution
processes. The temperature response is larger than the systematic error. The situation is different for precipitation. The
model bias is twice as large as the climate response. The confidence in PRUDENCE results comes from the fact that the models
have a similar response to the IPCC-SRES A2 forcing, whereas their systematic errors are more spread. In addition, GCM precipitation
response is slightly but significantly different from that of the RCMs. 相似文献
28.
Carbon dioxide in magmas and implications for hydrothermal systems 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Jacob B. Lowenstern 《Mineralium Deposita》2001,36(6):490-502
29.
鄂东北早元古代沉积变质锰矿是我国时代最古老的锰矿之一,是由早元古代锰质碳酸盐岩经区域变质作用而成,后又经风化富集形成工业矿床。由于特殊的地质构造背景和成矿作用的多阶段性,元素和矿物组合复杂,具有独特性。本文研究了各种组分的演变关系和元素集散因素,为锰质碳酸盐岩在高压绿片岩相区域动力变质及其后表生作用中的演变提供了一个实例。 相似文献
30.
Dr. H. Jacob 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1962,51(2):530-546
Zusammenfassung Die Mazeral-Klassifikation von Torf und Weichbraunkohle muß tunlichst auf die Steinkohlen-Nomenklatur Bezug nehmen und nach gleichen bzw. ähnlichen Prinzipien erfolgen. Ferner hat sie technologischen Gesichtspunkten Rechnung zu tragen. Die vom Verfasser vorgeschlagene Nomenklatur wird diesen Anforderungen gerecht. Da Torfe und Weichbraunkohlen heterogener als Steinkohlen sind, ist eine stärkere Gliederung erforderlich. 5 Gruppen (Exinit, Xylinit, Detrinit, Dopplerinit und Inertinit) werden jeweils in 3 Untergruppen eingeteilt. Diese erfahren eine weitere Gliederung nach Mazeralen. Abschließend weist der Verfasser darauf hin, daß durch Kombination der Weichbraunkohlen- und Steinkohlen-Klassifikation auch den Belangen der Hartbraunkohlen-Petrographie Rechnung getragen werden kann. 相似文献