山地冰川物质平衡线与气候

在总结前人确定山地冰川物质平衡线高度的各种方法基础上,对利用山地冰川物质平衡线进行古气候恢复的方法进行探讨。以我国乌鲁木齐河流域一号冰川为例,运用侧碛垄最大高度法确定了小冰期第二次冰进时冰川的平衡线高度,依靠1960年代以来该冰川所积累的大量观测资料,建立和完善现代冰川平衡线高度与气候统计关系公式,并通过变化应用到该冰川小冰期第二次冰进。给出了该次冰进时气候的半定量推算结果。     

高精度单码道绝对式编码器的编码和解码研究

本文提出了一种全新的单码道绝对编码和解码方法.编码满足“惟一性”,即连续任取N位或大于N位的编码序列Nl,该序列在码道内是惟一的,并对应光栅上惟一的位移或角度值.圆光栅编码还满足“闭合性”,即以任意v位编码序列N0为起始,在圆光栅码道内按位顺序选取N1、N2、……、Nn,其中n为码道内编码的位数,均满足惟一性.解码由粗...     

石家庄地区一次秋季冷锋云系垂直微物理结构的观测研究

利用2008年10月4～5日石家庄一次降水性层状云系的飞机探测资料,结合实时天气、卫星、雷达等资料,分析了降水过程的天气背景条件、降水初期云中的液态含水量、云粒子平均直径和粒子谱等要素的垂直分布与变化特征,以及云系的垂直微物理结构。结合云中冰雪晶二维粒子图像的增长和地面降水特征,初步探讨了该层状云系降水形成的物理机制。...     

InSAR相位解缠方法应用比较

相位解缠是InSAR数据处理中的关键技术和难点,也是InSAR产品的主要误差源。本文通过四组不同的数据对六种相位解缠方法进行比较得到:对于相干性较好的高山地区和平原地区以及范围较大的区域,最佳相位解缠方法均为最小费用流法;对于低相干区域,则采用Golstein枝切法更为合适。     

“OneGeology计划”及其在中国研究新进展

"OneGeology计划"中文名为"同一个地质计划"、"地质一体化计划"或者"世界大地质计划",其目的是建立一个包含多个国际组织和国家的地质调查机构参与的全球数字地质图共享系统。该计划应用J2EE和WebGIS技术,以网络为平台提供各种比例尺的地质图,参与该项目的国家通过发布基于开放地理信息系统协会(OGC)标准的网络服务并将访问接口注册到OneGeology门户网站实现地质图空间数据的共享。本文以中国新建成的1∶100万国际分幅地质图空间数据库为基础,应用"OneGeology计划"的有关标准和要求,进行数字地质图共享试点研究,为建立中国小比例尺数字地质图共享系统"OneGeology-China"奠定基础。     

Effects of UV-B radiation and different light repair conditions on the early development of the tetraspores of Chondrus ocellatus Holm

The effects of exposure to UV-B radiation,280-315 nm,and dark or dark repair conditions on the early development of Chondrus ocellatus Holm collected from Qingdao coast were studied under the laboratory condition.After being exposed to different doses [0,36,72,108,144 and 180 J/(m 2 · d)] of UV-B radiation,one treatment of tetraspores were put back to normal culture condition (PAR),the other treatment were put into dark condition to repair for 2 h.During the cultivation,the diameter of the tetraspores were recorded every 4 d till the 50th day when vertical branches formed in all treatments.Then at the 50th day,CPDs,phycoerythrin,chlorophyll a and MAAs (Palythine and asterina-330) were measured.The results showed that low doses UV-B radiation could significantly accelerate the growth rate of the tetraspores of C.ocellatus and the growth rate reduced gradually with UV-B radiation keep on increasing.The variation trend of both the phycoerythrin and chlorophyll a concentration reduced significantly ( P < 0.05) once given the UV-B radiation. Under UV-B stress,the CPDs were induced,and the concentrations of CPDs were significant low in dark repair groups.The data of MAAs analyzed by LC/MS in the tetraspores of C. ocellatus suggested that there were two MAAs formed (palythine and asterina-330) after UV-B radiation induced, and low dose of UV-B irradiation could significantly induced the concentration of MAAs.From the growth and development state of the tetraspores,negative effects of UV-B radiation on the dark repair groups were more serious than PAR.     

地质环境问题的地质指标体系框架及其构建方法

面对复杂、多变、脆弱的地质环境和不断加剧的人类工程经济活动,急需建立面向多种地质环境问题的地质指 标体系。针对中国地质环境工作现状,借鉴国际地质指标工作组最新的成果和经验,对地质指标的定义、内涵进行了 修订和拓展,创建了包括调查指标体系（影响指标、状态指标、后果指标）和监测指标体系（压力指标、状态指标、 响应指标）的地质指标体系框架,并建立了从面向单一地质环境问题的地质指标体系的构建思路、实际范例,到面向 一个国家或地区的地质指标体系的构建步骤,为地质指标的创建、完善和应用指明了方向。     

延边白石砬子钨矿床成矿岩体的年代学与地球化学特征

白石砬子钨矿位于"佳蒙地块"东段,主矿体赋存于燕山早期石英闪长岩与晚古生代青龙村群大理岩的接触带内,赋矿岩石为石榴石矽卡岩,成因上属矽卡岩型白钨矿矿床。矿区石英闪长岩中单颗粒锆石的LA-MC-ICP-MS定年结果表明:测点年龄值集中于195～205Ma,加权平均年龄为(198.27±0.80)Ma,成岩成矿作用发生于侏罗纪初期。岩石的主量元素组成具有低硅(58.07%～58.98%)、富碱(5.96%～6.41%)、富钠(3.65%～4.84%)、高铝(15.82%～17.89%)的特征,属准铝质富钠钙碱性系列;石英闪长岩REE总量较低((90.06～122.05)×10-6),以LREE相对富集、轻稀土和重稀土分异明显和较弱的铕异常为特征;结合高Sr、低Yb以及接近于原始地幔的Rb/Sr和Rb/Ba比值认为,石英闪长岩起源于俯冲板片的深部或加厚下地壳的下部(>40km)。综合本次研究和区域构造格局演化资料,初步认为白石砬子石英闪长岩的成岩成矿作用发生于古亚洲构造域和环太平洋构造域叠加和转换期,与以佳木斯地体为代表的中亚造山带东部地体群的俯冲-拼贴有关。     

Re-Discussion on East Asian Meiyu Rainy Season

In this paper,the synoptic-climatology of Meiyu in East Asia is discussed.It is proposed that the location of the rain band of Meiyu is stable from the viewpoint of climatology,even though the active(wet)and break(dry)Meiyu are influenced by synoptic systems.The duration and the onset and retreat dates of Meiyu exhibit tremendous interannual variabilities,and thus,they are almost unpredictable in seasonal climate prediction.The Meiyu has been used as a synoptic concept and applied to the operational forecast for many decades by meteorological agencies in East Asian countries.As a result,the prediction of the onset and retreat dates of Meiyu has become an important operational work for meteorological services.This has also misled the public’s and scientists’attention.The northward propagation of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)surge associated with the intraseasonal oscillation is closely related to the active and break Meiyu.The activities and propagation of the EASM surge modulate the active/break Meiyu that cause concentrative severe precipitation processes and floods or droughts;hence,the authors suggest changing the current forecasting methodology of Meiyu.It is more meaningful from the scientific as well as application viewpoints to establish the monitoring and forecasting of the EASM surge to replace the current operational forecast of Meiyu after the seasonal progress enters the climatological Meiyu period in a year.     

Impact of Different East Asian Summer Monsoon Circulations on Aerosol-Induced Climatic Effects

The different spatial distributions of aerosol-induced direct radiative forcing and climatic effects in a weak(2003)and a strong(2006)East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)circulation were simulated using a high-resolution regional climate model(RegCM3).Results showed that the atmospheric circulations of summer monsoon have direct relations with transport of aerosols and their climatic effects.Both the top-of-the-atmosphere(TOA)and the surface-negative radiative forcing of aerosols were stronger in weak EASM circulations.The main difference in aerosol-induced negative forcing in two summers varied between 2 and 14 W m 2from the Sichuan Basin to North China,where a maximum in aerosol-induced negative forcing was also noticed in the EASM-dominated areas.The spatial difference in the simulated aerosol optical depth(AOD)in two summers generally showed the similar pictures.Surface cooling effects induced by aerosols were spatially more uniform in weak EASM circulations and cooler by about 1–4.5 C.A preliminary analysis here indicated that a weaker low-level wind speed not conducive to the transport and diffusion of aerosols could make more contributions to the differences in the two circulations.