吉林省新生代玄武岩中红、蓝宝石矿找矿方向

通过收集前人资料和野外地质调查及地球化学分析,对中国东部发育红、蓝宝石矿的不同地区进行了对比研究,进而从寄主岩类型、寄主岩形成时代和火山机构四周发育的第四系沉积物特征角度,提出了吉林省应将伊舒带、敦密带、东宁-宽甸带作为首选的红、蓝宝石找矿方向。     

沙拐枣属（Calligonum L.）7种植物总DNA提取方法的改进及鉴定

 摸索沙拐枣属（Calligonum L.）七种植物沙拐枣（Calligonum mongolicum Turcz. ）、泡果沙拐枣（C. junceum (Fisch. et Mey.) Endl.）、无叶沙拐枣（C. aphyllum (Pall.) Gürke）、红果沙拐枣（C. rubicundum Bge.）、心形沙拐枣（C. cordatum E. Kor. ex N. Pavl.）、密刺沙拐枣(C. densum Borszcz.)、乔木状沙拐枣（C. arborescens Litv.）的总DNA提取方法并对DNA样品的纯度和浓度进行鉴定,对传统的CTAB法进行方法和材料的改进,开展与总DNA相关的PCR扩增和其他遗传学分析,并取得满意的结果。其结果对于沙拐枣属植物的有关研究提供了有效的实验手段。     

Gamma—Ray Bursts：Afterglows and Central Engines

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most intense transient gamma-ray events in the sky; this, together with the strong evidence (the isotropic and inhomogeneous distribution of GRBs detected by BASTE) that they are located at cosmological distances, makes them the most energetic events ever known. For example, the observed radiation energies of some GRBs are equivalent to the total convertion into radiation of the mass energy of more than one solar mass. This is thousand times stronger than the energy of a supernova explosion. Some unconventional energy mechanism and extremely high conversion efficiency for these mysterious events are required. The discovery of host galaxies and association with supernovae at cosmoligical distances by the recently launched satellite of BeppoSAX and ground based radio and optical telescopes in GRB afterglow provides further support to the cosmological origin of GRBs and put strong constraints on their central engine. It is the aim of this article to review the possible central engines, energy mechanisms, dynamical and spectral evolution of GRBs, especially focusing on the afterglows in multi-wavebands.     

投影寻踪门限回归模型在年径流预测中的应用

为预测年径流这类同维复杂动力系统，提出了投影寻踪门限回归（PPTR）模型。构造了新的投影指标函数，用门限回归（TR）模型描述投影值与预测对象间的非线性关系，并用实码加速遗传算法优化投影指标指数函数和TR模型参数。实例的计算结果表明，用PPTR模型预测年径流是可行而有效的。PPRT模型简便、适用性强，克服了目前投影寻踪方法计算量大、编程实现困难的缺点，有利投影寻踪方法的推广应用，为解决高维非线性复杂预测问题提供了新途径。     

Automatic mapping of lunar landforms using DEM-derived geomorphometric parameters

Developing approaches to automate the analysis of the massive amounts of data sent back from the Moon will generate significant benefits for the field of lunar geomorphology. In this paper, we outline an automated method for mapping lunar landforms that is based on digital terrain analysis. An iterative self-organizing (ISO) cluster unsupervised classification enables the automatic mapping of landforms via a series of input raster bands that utilize six geomorphometric parameters. These parameters divide landforms into a number of spatially extended, topographically homogeneous segments that exhibit similar terrain attributes and neighborhood properties. To illustrate the applicability of our approach, we apply it to three representative test sites on the Moon, automatically presenting our results as a thematic landform map. We also quantitatively evaluated this approach using a series of confusion matrices, achieving overall accuracies as high as 83.34% and Kappa coefficients (K) as high as 0.77. An immediate version of our algorithm can also be applied for automatically mapping large-scale lunar landforms and for the quantitative comparison of lunar surface morphologies.     

New progress of research on water cycle in atmosphere in China

New progresses are introduced briefly about the water cycle study on atmosphere of China made in recent years. The introduction includes eight aspects as follows: 1) precipitation characteristics, 2) stability of climatic system, 3) precipitation sensitive region, 4) regional evaporation and evapotranspiration, 5) water surface evaporation, 6) vegetation transpiration, 7) cloud physics, and 8) vapor source.     

Why are halo coronal mass ejections faster?

Halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have been to be significantly faster than normal CMEs, which is a long-standing puzzle. In order to solve the puzzle, we first investigate the observed properties of 31 limb CMEs that clearly display loopshaped frontal loops. The observational results show a strong tendency that slower CMEs are weaker in white-light intensity. Then, we perform a Monte Carlo simulation of 20000 artificial limb CMEs that have an average velocity of ～523km s -1. The Thomson scattering of thes...     

基于图论的树状河系结构化绘制模型研究

结合树状河系自身的结构特点和图论的思想,提出了基于图论的河系结构化绘制模型的建立,利用图论的思想描述了河系的结构并建立其自动符号化模型,阐述了主流、流向自动确定和结构化绘制实现的详细算法,并对通用图形数据格式DXF文件记录的河系数据进行了测试。     

核线影像生成过程中的大图像分块问题

讨论了核线影像生成过程中的大图像分块处理问题 ,给出了按条分块的策略及其有关问题的解决方法。研究成果对其它应用中的大图像分块处理也具有一定的参考价值     

地理信息及其元数据标准化

通过对标准化历史的回顾,阐述了数据标准化在当今人类由工业社会向信息化社会迈进中的作用,并根据全球信息高速公路建设对地学研究的挑战,指出了信息化社会中数据标准对信息采集及信息共享的作用;依ＩＳＯ／ＴＣ２１１对地理信息数据描述中元数据的建议,通过对ＩＳＯ及ＣＥＮ标准的分析,提出了建立我国元数据标准的基本思路,对我国地理信息标准化的建设具有重要意义。