西藏申扎县甲岗雪山钨、钼、铋多金属矿床稳定同位素地球化学特征及矿床成因探讨

冈底斯成矿带是西藏重要的多金属成矿区之一,在该成矿带北部申扎县首次发现的甲岗雪山钨、钼、铋多金属矿床是不同于其南部斑岩型铜多金属矿床的成矿新类型,该矿床的发现是藏北地区内生金属矿找矿的重要突破.文章对该矿床矿石稳定同位素地球化学特征进行研究表明:成矿流体主要来源于岩浆岩,围岩(地层)可能只提供了少量成矿物质;该矿床硫的来源单一,属于岩浆硫范畴,矿石与围岩中的硫具有相同的来源;铅的来源以地壳铅为主,并混有少量地幔铅.根据上述研究,结合矿床地质特征及同国内外同类型矿床的对比,认为甲岗雪山多金属矿床是在大陆碰撞后陆内伸展构造背景下,形成于喜马拉雅中期中酸性岩浆活动阶段,矿质主要源自岩浆的石英大脉型钨、钼、铋多金属矿床.     

基于性能的地震工程研究的新进展及对结构非线性分析的要求

结合国际地震工程界提出的新一代基于性能的地震工程的框架方法,重点阐述了性能评估中涉及的主要问题。对性能评估使用的静力非线性分析、动力非线性分析方法进行了总结,在此基础上详细阐述了在基于概率的性能评估中有应用前景的增量动力分析方法的概念、相关问题及其应用,并简要介绍了基于增量动力分析思想提出的一些简化方法。最后提出了今后研究的建议,特别是结构非线性分析方面的研究重点。     

矿山人均保有储量:我国金属矿山合理经济开发的一个标量

文章分析对比了我国国有及非国有规模以上矿山企业的主要经济指标,认为矿业开发要走可持续发展的途径,促进矿产资源的充分、合理、有效开发,实现满足市场需求、兼顾环境保护和社会稳定的目标,就必须积极探索和慎重考虑矿山企业从业人数的合理控制问题;依据胶东大型金矿山实际资料的初步分析,明确提出"矿山人均保有储量"是制约矿山合理开发和矿业可持续发展的重要指标;矿山人均储量的合理配置和适度调控问题不仅值得进一步研究,而且应该引起有关部门的广泛注意和高度重视.     

双偏振相控阵雷达与业务雷达的定量对比及观测精度研究

相控阵天气雷达突破了全机械驱动天线天气雷达的时空分辨率瓶颈,能够提供更加快速、精细的观测资料.但阵列天线存在性能参数随扫描角偏离法向而恶化的情况,使相控阵雷达定量测量存在困难.本文针对中国华南地区最新布网的双偏振相控阵天气雷达,通过与当地S波段业务雷达在相同区域内的定量对比,评估了反射率因子差分反射率因子的误差量级及其...     

台风“利奇马”对钻孔体应变的扰动分析——以浙江地区为例

利用台风“利奇马”过境浙江期间,岱山地震台、东阳地震台钻孔体应变数据,采用数据滤波和线性回归等方法,分析了这2个台站钻孔体应变对台风的响应特征。结果表明,东阳地震台受台风引起的低气压的影响,钻孔体应变与气压同步变化;而岱山地震台受低气压和降水的共同影响,钻孔体应变与气压在变化的相关性和同步性上均有差异。气压和降水导致钻孔体应变的变化量可以通过负载力学模型进行估算求解。     

虚拟专用网技术在远程数据传输中的应用

野外地质调查工作者作为远程用户需要与其所在的地质调查研究机构进行数据的安全传输.应用虚拟专用网络技术可以在使用公用网络进行数据传输时保证其安全.本文讨论了虚拟专用网的分类、关键技术,通过分析某地质研究所的网络拓扑,给出了一个虚拟专用网的解决方案,对其中的基于Windows Server 2003的虚拟专用网服务器进行了详细配置.     

Study on Flow Field Around Vertical Breakwater Under Different Overtopping Conditions Based on Numerical Simulation

A numerical wave flume is constructed based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with turbulence closure by a modified k-ε model to study the viscous interactions of waves with vertical breakwaters for different overtopping cases. The governing equations,the turbulence model,boundary conditions,and solution method for the numerical wave flume are introduced briefly. The reliability of the numerical wave flume is examined by comparing the numerical results with the experimental measurement...     

Characterizing the hydraulic properties of unsaturated sand considering various porosities and drying‐wetting paths of the retention curve

Previous studies have shown that water retention curve (WRC) and the hydraulic conductivity vary because of changes of the void ratio or porosity of soil. However, limited documents pointed out the change of hydraulic properties of soil when compacted to different porosities while considering both of the drying and wetting processes of the WRC. This information is sometimes necessary for research like finger flow analysis or the occurrence of wetting and drying cycles as what would be seen in the field. Therefore, this study aims to examine the change of WRC characteristics with varied porosity considering both of the drying and wetting path in WRC by conducting a sand box experiment. Results show that the same type of sand compacted to various porosities have different hydraulic parameters. Hydraulic conductivities generally decrease with reduced porosities; shape parameter α of the van Genuchten equation (1980) linearly decreases with declining porosity and shape parameter n in a reversal manner for the sands of interest whether in the drying process or wetting process. The unsaturated properties of sand are further characterized by inspecting the variations of moisture content, matric suction and vertical displacement of soil body subject to periodic changes of the water level by another sand box experiment. The outcomes suggest that the saturated water content and residual water content are changing during the wetting–drying process, which can be an implication of the changed properties of WRC. The characteristics of volumetric deformation might be varied as well because of the observation of the dissimilar patterns of the changing vertical displacements among each wetting–drying process. Infiltration patterns of the sands also are identified through numerical modelling by introducing a constant infiltration flux from the surface followed by a no‐influx condition. Results indicate that less water accumulates in the sand near the surface for the sand compacted to higher porosity, but water can move deeper. Hydraulic conductivity is found as the prime factor dominating the evolvement of wetting fronts. However, shape parameters of water retention curves also affect the infiltration pattern to some extent. In addition, different sands with similar porosities can have quite different infiltrating characteristics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

积云中去滴谱形成的数值模拟研究(一)——盐核谱和浓度的作用

本文利用一维非定常积云数值模式,详细地考虑云的微物理过程,模拟了积云发展前期云的宏微观结构,研究了盐核谱和浓度对积云中云滴谱形成的影响。结果表明,本模式模拟的云中上升气流和含水量等宏观特征与观测结果基本上一致,云滴谱分布和大云滴浓度以及它们随高度分布的特征等也与观测相符。在积云顶部附近还模拟出双峰云滴谱。结果还指出,大陆性积云云滴谱和海洋性积云云滴谱之间的差异,主要是由于两地空气中盐核总浓度不同所致,而不是由于巨核多少的缘故。