朝鲜南海内陆架晚第四纪沉积演化

朝鲜南海内陆架晚第四纪沉积演化Ｓ．ＣｈｕｌＰａｒｋ等朝鲜南海大陆架为一巨厚的陆源碎屑沉积物堆积的地区．其中心陆架在深海和底部特征的基础上可被分为窄的内陆架和宽的中部陆架，内陆架区（深＜５ｓｍ）是晚第四纪沉积的沉积中心，沉积物主要来自部分河流．大量来自...     

雷达观测海冰分类的研究

本文在国内首次应用陆基雷达对辽东湾海冰进行分类研究,认为冰表面粗糙度、冰厚以及海况是影响海冰散射的主要因素.研究结果以海冰雷达散射系数为依据,对海冰分类准确率达80%以上,并首次建立了海冰特征数据库.     

利用ARC／lNFO建立S-57数据模型的研究

数字海图的标准化、规模化生产，是发展电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)、在世界范围内提供安全可靠的商业化数字海图产品的重要前提。S-57是国际海道测量组织(IHO)颁布的国际通用的数字海道测量数据传输标准，该标准已为越来越多的国家所采用，用来进行数字海图数据的传输。本文介绍了海图数据库建设中对S-57的一些研究情况，提出了如何利用ARC/INFO)平台建立S-57数据体系的参考模式，并对未来电子航海图(ENC)生产和质量检测流程的建立模式加以探讨。     

高分辨率遥感技术在厦门海湾生态环境调查中的应用

对于局部区域研究，高分辨率卫星遥感及其影像的智能化处理技术是获取信息的新手段．本文以IKONOS遥感影像在厦门海湾的应用为例，探讨高分辨率遥感卫星影像应用于海湾生态环境调查与分析的应用技术．通过分析高分辨率影像地物特征，提出高分辨率遥感影像的重要处理技术：采用不同缩放尺度进行分类和利用空间特征及纹理结构进行专题信息提取。     

Contamination of organotin compounds and imposex in molluscs from Vancouver,Canada

Gastropods and bivalves were collected at 15 sites at Vancouver and Victoria, Canada between 24 May and 7 June, 1999, to establish tissue concentrations of butyltin and phenyltin compounds, to record imposex symptoms in gastropods, and to assess the present status of organotin contamination around Vancouver. No neogastropods (such as Nucella lima) were found around Vancouver. Neogastropod populations could have been extirpated by severe TBT contamination in Vancouver, as relatively high concentrations of TBT were detected in tissues of Mytilus trossulus from Vancouver, and the neogastropods distributed in Vancouver might be sensitive to TBT. Recovery from imposex, however, was observed in neogastropod populations from three sites at Victoria and Mission Point. TBT contamination has continued around Vancouver, arising from continuous use of TBT in antifouling paints for vessels larger than 25 m in length; however, TBT has decreased around Victoria and Mission Point. Different patterns of TBT accumulation in tissue were observed among the bivalve species from Vancouver. The highest TBT concentration detected in Tresus capax suggested some possible adverse effects. TBT was the most predominant butyltin component in almost all bivalve specimens surveyed, suggesting a low rate of TBT metabolism. Phenyltin compounds were not detected in any molluscan specimens in this study.     

Effects of prolonged exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol on toxicity and indices of oestrogenic exposure in the sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus, Pallas)

Alkylphenolic compounds are present in estuarine and marine environments. They are moderately bioaccumulative, and oestrogenic to fish following three week, in vivo, exposures. The effects of prolonged exposure are, as yet, unclear. Sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) were exposed to measured concentrations of 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) in a 28-day, dose-ranging study, and a six month temporal response study. Following 28-days exposure to measured 31+/-6 or 101+/-47 microg l(-1) OP (mean+/-SD), immature male sand goby showed elevated vitellogenin (VTG) mRNA expression. Plasma alkali-labile phosphate concentrations were elevated in both sexes and were higher in females than males. Although measured OP concentrations were variable, they were significantly different for each treatment and a range of concentration-dependent effects were observed. The LC(50) for chronic OP exposure (8 weeks) was 29+/-6 microg l(-1), and both sexes demonstrated concentration and duration dependent increases in VTG mRNA expression. Exposure to 28+/-20 microg l(-1) OP (median+/-95% CI) for 6 months inhibited development of male nuptial colouration and sperm duct glands. These findings are discussed in relation to environmental concentrations of alkylphenols and ecological concerns.     

近岸溢油漂移扩散预测方法研究——以胶州湾溢油事件为例

近些年,由于中国经济的高速发展,原油需求逐年增长,同时海上溢油事故发生的风险也在加剧。海上溢油会严重破坏海洋环境,危害我国经济发展,加强溢油漂移扩散预报研究能够为海上溢油应急响应提供技术支撑。因此,国家海洋信息中心研发了海上突发事件应急一体化预测预警系统。该系统基于GIS平台研发,能够在二维电子海图基础上叠加相关的海洋环境动力要素信息,模拟溢油扩散和漂移态势,同时计算剩余油量,估算溢油面积以及岸线吸附程度等。2013年11月22日,山东黄岛发生输油管道爆炸事故,造成大量原油溢入胶州湾。本文利用该系统结合高分辨率大气模型WRF的三重嵌套技术和海流模型SELFE的非结构化网格加密技术,对事故溢油漂移扩散开展了预测工作。预测结果显示,油污受胶州湾内往复流的影响极大,72 h后,胶州湾内外大部分海域都将存在油污,主要集中在黄岛沿岸海域、团岛及浮山湾附近,预测扫海面积为70.32 km2。经海事部门高分辨率卫星观测结果印证,系统模拟的溢油分布较为合理。该系统的业务化应用为相关海上溢油污染应急工作提供了一定理论依据和参考。     

南黄海溶解氧的分布与季节变化

海洋中的溶解氧分布受着大气、生物、化学及各种物理过程的影响。因此，可以根据氧的分布，通过不同的方法将这些过程分离开，来了解海洋中的物理过程、生物过程和化学过程。对大洋水中溶解氧的分布，人们曾进行了许多研究工作。研究表明，除近表层水外，深层水中的溶解氧都处于较稳定的状态，变化幅度较小；