飞机颠簸的气象条件分析

研究了产生飞机颠簸的天气形势和环境条件，在分析飞机颠簸预报指数和指标的基础上，揭示了产生飞机颠簸的气象条件，增强了飞机气象保障能力     

Multi-level CO2 fluxes over Beijing megacity with the eddy covariance method

本文基于北京325米气象塔在47,140,和280米三层高度的5年涡动相关观测资料,研究了城市下垫面与大气间的CO2交换过程.由于北京市2011年开始实行工作日汽车尾号限行,140米高度CO2通量的年增长率由2008-2010年的7.8％降低到2010-2012年的2.3％.140米高度通量源区内植被比例最小且人口密度最大,因此140米高度的5年平均CO2通量年总量)6.41 kg C m-2 yr-1(大于47米)5.78 kg C m-2 yr-1(和280米)3.99 kg C m-2 yr-1(.在年尺度上,北京汽车总保有量和总人口是最重要的CO2通量控制因子.CO2通量随风向的变化主要与风向对应的通量源区内下垫面土地利用方式有关.三层高度的夏季CO2通量均与道路的比例呈正相关关系.47,140,和280米的决定系数分别为0.69,0.57,和0.54(P＜0.05).植被比例的下降,会导致CO2年总量上升,两者存在近似于指数的关系.城市人口密度的上升会引起CO2年总量上升.     

SKKS震相记录特征及其对极远震深度的测定

就穿透地球内核的SKKS震相的传播路径、走时以及随深度变化的特性进行了分析讨论。对银川台记录SKKS震相的特征和震相识别做了研究总结，同时给出了SKKS震相求极远震深度列线图。经过震例检验，用SKKS震相测得的深度在单台定位中相对比较准确，为应用SKKS震相测准极远震深度，提高银川单台月报质量，提供了有利工具。     

SURFACE IMBALANCE ENERGY CALCULATED AND ANALYZED WITH THE DATA OF EBEX-2000*

Mainly.three methods have been developed to calculate turbulence heat flux.They are eddy covariance method,Bowen ratio/energy balance method and aerodynamic method.In this paper, all the three methods have been used to calculate sensible heat flux,latent heat flux and imbalance energy near the surface with the experiment data of EBEX-2000.Then comparisons of the three methods and some possible explanations of the surface imbalance energy are given.     

银川台极远震记录特征及其分析处理

对银川台记录极远震的特征进行了分析研究,并对其分析方法做了阐述,这将有助于提高极远震的分析水平,同时对国外的大震速报工作也将起到积极作用。     

A comprehensive physical pattern of land-air dynamic and thermal structure on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

According to the boundary layer observations of three stations (Garze, Damxung and Qamdu) and relevant earth satellite, radiosonde and surface observations during the intensive observational period (IOP) of the second Tibetan (Qinghai-Xizang) Plateau Experiment of atmospheric science (TIPEX), the land-air physical process and dynamic model on the Tibetan Plateau were comprehensively analyzed in this study. The dynamic characteristics of boundary layer and the rules of turbulent motion on the plateau were illustrated. The characteristics of distributions of wind speed and direction with mutiple-layer structure and deep convective mixed layer on the plateau, the strong buoyancy effect in turbulent motion on the plateau on which the air density is obviously smaller than on the plain, and the Ekman spiral and its dynamic pump effect of the plateau deep boundary layer have been found. The local static distribution of water vapor and the horizontal advection of water vapor in the plateau boundary layer were studied. The abnomal thermodynamic structure on the plateau surface and boundary layer, including the plateau strong radiation phenomenon and strong heating source characteristics of the middle plateau, was also analyzed. The authors synthesized the above dynamic and thermodynamic structures of both surface and boundary layers on the plateau and posed the comprehensive physical model of the turbulence and convective mixture mechanism on the plateau boundary layer. The characteristics of formation, development and movement for convective cloud cluster over the plateau influencing floods in the Yangtze River area of China were studied. The conceptual model of dynamic and thermodynamic structures of turbulent motion and convective plume related to the frequent occurrence of "pop-corn-like" cloud system is given as well.     

银川台灵武地震记录特征分析

本文对1984年9月以来银川台记录到的灵武吴忠地区M_L≥3.0级地震波形进行了对比分析。结果发现,银川台记录该区域地震有明显的地区特征,主要有PG波初动方位异常;东西向到时滞后,周期偏小;震源出射角偏大;PG波初动记录显著;能记到近距离反射波等,并对此进行了必要的讨论。     

冰川构造浅析

冰川是地壳上重要的地质体之一,开展冰川构造的研究不仅丰富了冰川学的研究内容,而且也开拓了构造地质学的研究领域。文章分析了冰川变形的各种物理参数,并以绒布冰川和阿厄玛卿冰川为例阐明了我国冰川构造的基本特征,如冰川构造变形的多样性,冰川构造发育的层次性及运动学与动力学的某些特点等,提出了我国冰川构造研究的方向和任务。     

干旱区生态景观制图的谱型特性与模式方法

生态景观制图是专题制图学的重要发展方向之一。其主要特点表现在可以揭示自然要素和人为作用的特点,反映各景观要素的相关性和数量关系。本文选择以新疆和田为代表的干旱区生态景观制图,通过遥感与GIS相结合的方法,对生态景观制图的信息识别、信息挖掘、综合分析应用等研究,探讨了地图信息认知、表达、反演等专题制图中的生态景观分类、动态变化问题。     

Using a Modified Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Scheme （MSPAS） to Simulate the Interaction between Land Surface Processes and Atmospheric Boundary Layer in Semi-Arid Regions

This paper uses a Modified Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Scheme (MSPAS) to study the interaction betweenland surface and atmospheric boundary layer processes. The scheme is composed of two main parts:atmospheric boundary layer processes and land surface processes. Compared with SiB and BATS, which arefamous for their detailed parameterizations of physical variables, this simplified model is more convenientand saves much more computation time. Though simple, the feasibility of the model is well proved inthis paper. The numerical simulation results from MSPAS show good agreement with reality. The schemeis used to obtain reasonable simulations for diurnal variations of heat balance, potential temperature ofboundary layer, and wind field, and spatial distributions of temperature, specific humidity, vertical velocity,turbulence kinetic energy, and turbulence exchange coefficient over desert and oasis. In addition, MSPAS isused to simulate the interaction between desert and oasis at night, and again it obtains reasonable results.This indicates that MSPAS can be used to study the interaction between land surface processes and theatmospheric boundary layer over various underlying surfaces and can be extended for regional climate andnumerical weather prediction study.