1961—2016年江西不同量级暴雨的时空分布特征

利用江西省83个站点逐日降水资料,采用滑动平均、小波分析和Mann Kendall检验等方法,分析了1961—2016年江西春季(3—5月)、汛期(5—7月)、秋季(9—11月)不同量级暴雨的时空分布特征。结果表明：不同量级的暴雨在不同季节的变化特征存在明显的差异,降水主要集中在汛期。暴雨量在春季和秋季变化趋势平稳,而汛期在1990年之前呈减少趋势,之后呈增加趋势;其空间分布均呈“南少北多、东多西少”特征;存在准30 a和准10 a两个变化周期。大暴雨量在春季和汛期呈“先下降、后上升”的趋势,空间分布较为平均。特大暴雨发生的概率很小,主要集中在汛期,其降水量变化趋势呈“先下降、后上升”特征,空间分布集中在赣北中部和赣中东部。     

热带气旋外眼墙形成机制研究综述

介绍了国内外关于热带气旋外眼墙形成和维持过程的相关研究进展,包括大尺度环境场和热带气旋涡旋内部动力学过程,如涡旋罗斯贝波理论、轴对称化过程、涡丝化作用、β-skirt轴对称化外眼墙形成假说和边界层非平衡动力过程等。随着对外眼墙形成机理研究的不断深入,当前存在多种外眼墙形成的机制理论,而这些机制均强调在外眼墙的形成阶段,热带气旋外围有大量对流及位势涡度扰动的发生发展。因此,热带气旋外眼墙的形成很有可能是多种机制相互作用导致的。最后,提出研究多种机制相互作用导致外眼墙处的对流和位势涡度扰动的发生发展过程具有重大意义。     

粒粒橙饮料中琼脂最适浓度与其强度关系

用不同强度琼脂按一定的生产工艺过程和配方进行生产粒粒橙饮料的试验，结果表明，琼脂的最适浓度与琼脂强度有如下的函数关系：［琼脂强度（ｇ／ｃｍ２）］０．５６２×｛琼脂最适浓度［％（ｗ／ｖ）］｝＝２．５０／％。     

杨桃果脯的护色保形工艺研究

研究了杨桃果片在不同护色液中、不同护色条件下的护色效果 ,及其在不同保脆保形液中的保脆保形效果。结果表明 ,1.7mol LNaCl水溶液腌制、护色 ,0 .0 90mol LCaCl2 + 0 .34mol LNaCl水溶液保脆保形效果较好。     

Beaming Effects in GRBs and Orphan Afterglows

The overall dynamical evolution and radiation mechanism of γ-ray burst (GRB) jets are briefly introduced. Various interesting topics concerning beaming in GRBs are discussed, including jet structures, orphan afterglows and cylindrical jets. The possible connection between GRBs and neutron stars is also addressed.     

Matched-field geoacoustic inversion of low-frequency source tow data from the ASIAEX East China Sea experiment

Geoacoustic inversion results based on data obtained during the Asian Seas International Acoustics Experiment (ASIAEX) 2001 East China Sea experiment are reported. The inversion process uses a genetic-algorithm-based matched-field-processing approach to optimize the search procedure for the unknown parameters. Inversion results include both geometric and geoacoustic variables. To gauge the quality of the inversion, two different analyses are employed. First, the inversion results based upon discrete source-receiver ranges are confirmed by continuous source localization over an interval of time. Second, separate inversions at many different ranges are carried out and the uncertainties of the parameter estimation are analyzed. The analysis shows that both methods yield consistent results, ensuring the reliability of inversion in this study.     

对广东省高校教师工资统发工作的思考

分析了广东省高校教师工资统发过程中存在统发工资与地方保险局扣缴的养老金无法达到一致、统发工资与地方税务局扣缴的个人所得税的起征标准不一致、后勤改革与工资统发尚不配套、人事分配制度改革与统发工资尚不配套等问题 ,提出了解决问题的建议与对策     

Modelling residence‐time response to freshwater input in Apalachicola Bay,Florida, USA

Residence time of an estuary can be used to estimate the rate of removal of freshwater and pollutants from river inflow. In this study, a calibrated three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model was used to determine residence time in response to the change of freshwater input in Apalachicola Bay. The bay is about 40 km long and 7 km wide, with an average 3 m water depth. Through hydrodynamic model simulations, the spatial and temporal salinity and the total freshwater volume in the bay were calculated. Then the freshwater fraction method was used to estimate the residence time. Results indicate that the residence time in Apalachicola Bay typically ranges between 3 and 10 days for the daily freshwater input ranging from 177 m³/s to 4561 m³/s. Regression analysis of model results shows that an exponential regression equation can be used to correlate the estuarine residence time to changes of freshwater input. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preliminary study on the spore-pollen assemblages found in the Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in Grove Mountains, east Antarctica and its climatic implications

Glaciogene sedimentary rocks have been found in modem tills of the Grove Mountains, east Antarctica during the 1998 - 1999 Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition （CHNARE）. Based on the lithilogic and sedimentary features, these sedimentary rocks are correlated with Cenozoic sedimentary strata of the Pagodroma Group in the neighboring Prince Charles Mountains and the Sorsdal Formation in VestFold Hills. Sedimentary clasts contain sparsely Late Tertiary spores and pollens, including ： Toroisporis （ Lygodiaceae）, Osmunda, Granulatisporites （ Pteridaceae？） , Polypodiaceae, Podocarpus , Araucariaceae, Artemisia , Rhus , Nothofagidites , Proteacidites （Proteaceae） , Quercus , Fraxinoipollenites （ Oleaceae ） , Oleoidearumpollenites（ Oleaceae ）, Operculumpollis, and Tricolpopollenites. Most of the pollen and spores contained in these samples originate from local sources according to the conditions of their preservations as well as correlations with the microfossil assemblages found in the neighboring areas. The majority of the pollen assemblages, as represented by Podocarpus and Nothofagus, belong to the Weddellian biogeocenose, however some exotic components from the old sedimentary basement rocks may have been included during erosion of the proximal ice sheet. If the source areas of glaciogenic sedimentary rocks that bear the pollen and spores are assumed to be local, or in the up glacier areas, the pollen assemblages in these samples might represent an inland flora during a warmer period of the ice-sheet evolutionary history. The finding of the Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae in the pollen assemblages implies that they may belong to late Tertiary （most probably Pliocene）. The absence of diatoms in the samples analyzed may indicate that there are no Cenozoic marine strata in the interior of the east Antarctica beyond the Grove Mountains. The significances of the finding of the Nothofagus in these pollen assemblages are discussed on the basis of current knowledge about the age, distribution and ecological conditions of this kind of fossils found in Sirius Group or other strata outcropped in Antarctica. As a preliminary conclusion, we think that the existence of the Cenozoic glaciogenenic rocks and their pollen assemblages present new evidence for a large scale glacial retreat history in Grove Mountains of east Antarctica, and thus support a dynamic East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）. This is consistent with the interpretations of Webb et al. （1984）.