珠江三角洲城市化进程中耕地面积的变化特征分析

讨论了１９８０－１９９５年珠江三角洲地区７个主要城市在城市化进程中耕地面积的变化特点;分析了城市化发展的不同阶段以及不同速度与耕地面积减少之间的关系。以耕地面积减少系数为主要指标,总结出珠江三角洲地区基于耕地资源利用特征的４种城市化模式。研究发现,部分城市出现的耕地资源过度消耗现象,不应简单地归因于城市化发展,而主要与当地城市发展规划和管理工作不力有关。     

海岸沙席形态及近表层沉积物粒度对台风的响应

依据2014年第10号强台风“麦德姆”登陆前后福建平潭岛典型海岸沙席的形态观测与近表层沉积物粒度数据,综合分析了海岸沙席对台风的响应特征。结果表明：① 海岸沙席形态对“麦德姆”的响应明显,主要表现为沙席前缘高程降低（最大侵蚀深度为0.40 m）,中部变化较小（-0.06~0.09 m）,后缘明显升高（最大堆积厚度为1.62 m）,沙席体积增大2.02%。② 海岸沙席近表层沉积物粒度受“麦德姆”影响较小,其粒度参数在台风前后并无质的等级性变化。③ 海岸沙席的台风响应特征主要因台风过程中大风的非选择性侵蚀和搬运及海岸沙席与海滩沙粒度的相近性所造成的,同时也受到周边地势及植被等的影响。     

西藏安多剖面沉积物粒度特征及环境意义

对西藏安多剖面的3个层位沉积物与两个现代流动沙丘表层沉积物粒度组成、传统粒度参数及体积分维值进行了对比分析,探讨其粒度特征以及环境指示意义。结果表明：安多剖面的3层代表了3个不同的气候阶段,第一层（0～172 cm）沉积动力为风,其中在0.44～1.08 m深度处是一次风力加强的阶段,第二层（172～224 cm）、第三层（224～232 cm）均在6 Φ附近出现次峰,悬浮组分明显增加,推断为远距离输送的粉砂级颗粒沉降,表明这两个阶段风力有所减弱;安多剖面颗粒比研究区现代流动沙丘颗粒细,表明剖面可能为固定或半固定沙丘沉积;本研究区样品的体积分维值在0.215～1.77,虽然没有实际的物理意义,但作为粒度参数指标,在指示环境变化上是有效的,并且与粘粒、粉砂含量呈现明显的正相关关系,与细砂呈现明显的负相关关系。     

中国不同区域能源消费碳足迹的时空变化(英文)

Study on regional carbon emission is one of the hot topics under the background of global climate change and low-carbon economic development, and also help to establish different low-carbon strategies for different regions. On the basis of energy consumption and land use data of different regions in China from 1999 to 2008, this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint models based on total energy consumption, and calculated the amount of carbon emissions and carbon footprint in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. The author also analyzed carbon emission density and per unit area carbon footprint for each region. Finally, advices for decreasing carbon footprint were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Carbon emissions from total energy consumption increased 129% from 1999 to 2008 in China, but its spatial distribution pattern among different regions just slightly changed, the sorting of carbon emission amount was: Eastern China > Northern China > Central and Southern China > Southwest China > Northwest China. (2) The sorting of carbon emission density was: Eastern China > Northeast China > Central and Southern China > Northern China > Southwest China > Northwest China from 1999 to 2003, but from 2004 Central and Southern China began to have higher carbon emission density than Northeast China, the order of other regions did not change. (3) Carbon footprint increased significantly since the rapid increasing of carbon emissions and less increasing area of pro-ductive land in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. Northern China had the largest carbon footprint, and Northwest China, Eastern China, Northern China, Central and Southern China followed in turn, while Southwest China presented the lowest area of carbon footprint and the highest percentage of carbon absorption. (4) Mainly influenced by regional land area, Northern China presented the highest per unit area carbon footprint and followed by Eastern China, and Northeast China; Central and Southern China, and Northwest China had a similar medium per unit area carbon footprint; Southwest China always had the lowest per unit area carbon footprint. (5) China faced great ecological pressure brought by carbon emission. Some measures should be taken both from reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon absorption.     

军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)幼鱼对环境低氧胁迫氧化应激与能量利用指标的响应

本文探究环境低氧对军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)氧化应激和能量利用指标的影响,为军曹鱼的健康养殖提供参考依据。通过设置低氧胁迫–恢复实验,将军曹鱼幼鱼(平均体质量(220.67±20.73)g)在低氧((2.64±0.25)mg/L)胁迫3 h及复氧((6.34±0.15)mg/L)8 h、24 h和48 h后,测定其肝脏和肌肉组织的氧化应激与能量利用指标。结果显示,低氧胁迫后,肝脏中丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(Glutathione Reductase,GR)活力均显著低于对照组(p<0.05),乳酸脱氢酶(Lactate Dehydrogenase,LDH)活性显著高于对照组(p <0.05);肌肉中MDA和脂质过氧化物(Lipid Peroxidase,LPO)活性均显著低于对照组(p<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)和LDH活性均显著高于对照组(p<0.05);肌糖原和肝糖原含量极显著低于对照组(p<0.0...     

南极验潮进展及中山站验潮策略

介绍了潮汐观测的方法、最新成果以及南极验潮的进展;分析了南极中山站潮汐观测现状,考虑了南极特殊的自然环境,并参考南极其他站的经验,为改进中山站目前的验潮系统提出了可行方案。     

天然裂缝影响下的花岗岩水力裂缝扩展数值模拟

水力压裂技术是成功实现干热岩资源开发利用的重要手段之一,数值模拟技术能够精准预测水力裂缝扩展。针对典型花岗岩,借助黏性单元法,分别模拟了致密花岗岩和天然裂缝存在情况下的水力裂缝扩展特征,得出以下结论:致密花岗岩的水力裂缝形态单一,天然裂缝的存在增加了压裂后裂缝的复杂性;致密花岗岩水力裂缝拓展主要分为憋压和拓展两个交替往复的阶段,当存在天然裂隙时,水力压裂过程会变得复杂;天然裂缝存在时,水力裂缝的缝长和缝宽分别为致密花岗岩的5.7倍和1.7倍;缝网的形成需要借助复杂的压裂工艺实现。研究结果可以为增强型地热系统(EGS)储层水力刺激工作提供理论支持。     

风廓线雷达产品与ERA5再分析资料的对比分析

利用2019-2020年广西三部风廓线雷达的实时风产品与ERA5再分析资料进行分析对比,检验风廓线雷达数据质量.结果 表明,三种风廓线雷达产品(ROBS、HOBS、OOBS)数值差距小,OOBS产品稍显优势,在1h内风廓线雷达探测的水平风波动不大.风廓线雷达数据整体小于ERA5再分析资料.三个站中,北海站的误差最小.北...     

机器学习在广西台风极大风速预报中的应用

以1980-2020年广西台风期间桂林、梧州、龙州、南宁、玉林等5个气象观测站的地面日极大风速为研究对象,采用多元线性回归(MR)、支持向量机(SVM)、模糊神经网络(FNN)等三种较为常用的线性和非线性方法分别进行预报建模,对2011-2020年共10a独立样本的检验.结果 表明,在全样本风速预报的平均绝对误差上,F...     

Nitrogen fixation driven by mesoscale eddies and the Kuroshio Current in the northern South China Sea and the East China Sea

N₂ fixation rates(NFR, in terms of N) in the northern South China Sea(nSCS) and the East China Sea(ECS) were measured using the acetylene reduction assay in summer and winter, 2009. NFR of the surface water ranged from 1.14 nmol/(L·d) to 10.40 nmol/(L·d)(average at(4.89±3.46) nmol/(L·d), n=11) in summer and 0.74 nmol/(L·d) to 29.45 nmol/(L·d)(average at(7.81±8.50) nmol/(L·d), n=15) in winter. Significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity emerged in our study: the anticyclonic eddies(AE)(P...