地勘单位经济运行中关键环节管理与执行力问题探讨

对地勘单位经济运行中的资金管理、成本管理、制度管理等三个关键环节的作用及运行状况进行分析,指出其运行过程中存在的三个共性问题,即制度不健全,经营机制不完善;成本管理滞后,经济效益不明显;资金管理不规范,经济运行质量不高。地勘单位经济运行执行力就是地勘单位实现经济运行目标的能力。提高地勘单位经济运行执行力的关键是解决经济运行中存在的问题,为此提出了建立健全制度、完善经营机制,强化资金管理、确保生产经营正常进行,加强成本管理、提高经济运行质量等对策和措施。探索地勘单位提升管理水平,增强管理执行力,推动煤田地质经济健康持续发展。     

基于均衡伪多道匹配滤波的海底电缆多次波压制方法研究（英文）

由于自由表面、海底等强反射界面的影响,海底电缆采集资料中鸣震等干扰往往非常严重且与有效波耦合在一起,降低了资料品质。海底电缆双检合成技术利用速度检波器和压电检波器对于下行波场的不同极性响应可以有效压制检波点端多次波,突出有效反射,提高地震资料的分辨率。本文在深入研究双检合成理论及匹配滤波技术的基础上,提出了基于均衡伪多道自适应匹配滤波方法的双检匹配合成方法压制检波点端多次波,不依赖于传统的求取反射系数的匹配合成方法,完全数据驱动,并在合成记录和实际资料的处理过程中均取得了良好的效果,证明了方法的有效性。     

Drainage basin object-based method for regional-scale landform classification: a case study of loess area in China

Landform classification is one of the most important procedures in recognizing and dividing earth surface landforms. However, topographical homogeneity and differences in regional-scale landforms are often ignored by traditional pixel- and object-based landform classification methods based on digital elevation models (DEMs). In this work, a drainage basin object-based method for classifying regional-scale landforms is proposed. Drainage basins with least critical areas are first delineated from DEMs. Then, terrain derivatives of mean elevation, mean slope, drainage density, drainage depth, and terrain texture are employed to characterize the morphology of the drainage basins. Finally, a decision tree based on the topographical characteristics of the drainage basins is constructed and employed to determine the landform classification law. The experiment is validated in the landform classification of regional-scale loess areas in China. Results show that clear boundaries exist in different landforms at the regional scale. Landform type in a specific region shows significant topographical homogeneity under its specific regional geomorphological process. Classification accuracies are 87.3 and 86.3% for the field investigation and model validation, respectively. Spatial patterns of classified landforms and their proximity to sediment sources and other factors can be regarded as indicators of the evolutionary process of loess landform formation.     

从昭通地震破坏实例看山区地震地面破坏特点

1974年5月11日3时25分,东经104度,北纬28.2度我国云南省昭通境内发生M=7.1地震。宏观震中为大关县以北,木杆公社钟(杜)家坪附近。震中烈度为IX度。震区为拔海2000米的滇东北高原地区,地面经受强烈切刻,山高坡陡,尤其震区西部,地形尤显陡峻。地形的坡度一般均在30°以上,主要河流的坡降平均为2.53%。该区地质情况比较复杂。地层分布主要为二迭纪阳新统灰岩,峨眉山玄武岩,三迭纪飞仙关砂页岩等等。     

淤泥质软土动态流变特性与流变参数研究

实际调查和理论分析表明,软弱岩土具有流变特性,动态载荷作用加速了软弱岩土的流变行为,成为诱发岩土地质灾害的重要因素和主要动力。在测试分析动载作用下淤泥质软土的流变力学特性基础上,建立了动态黏弹塑性流变力学模型和流变方程,推导出动态流变参数计算式;通过测试,分析了动态剪切作用频率、动态剪切应变、淤泥质软土含水率等因素对动态流变参数影响特性。研究结果对揭示动载作用下淤泥质软土动态流变特性与流变参数影响变化规律,探索软弱岩土突发地质灾害的流变动力学机制等具有一定的理论和现实意义。     

黄沙坪矿区花岗岩岩石地球化学、U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素制约

湘南坪宝地区地处南岭中段,黄沙坪铅锌多金属矿床位于坪宝成矿带南部,304岩体是未来深部找矿的远景地区,岩石地球化学特征显示其具有A型花岗岩的特点,与区域上的千里山岩体相似.根据微量元素判别图解进一步划分为A1型,反映为非造山板内拉张背景;岩石稀土配分型式具有特征的四分组效应(tetrad effect),这是岩浆高度演化晚期熔体与流体相互作用的结果.采用LA-ICPMS方法对花斑岩中锆石进行了微区U-Pb同位素及Hf同位素测试,结果显示成岩年龄为179.9 ±1.3 Ma(MSWD=1.9),属于燕山早期第一阶段岩浆侵入产物,成岩时代早于301岩体.Hf同位素显示地壳模式年龄为2220～2459 Ma,平均为2353 Ma,反映源区物质为新太古代至古元古代地壳物质.     

准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区侏罗系层序地层学研究

通过地震、钻测井及生物地层资料的综合研究,认为准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区侏罗系发育6套层序、两个构造层序。层序及沉积相空间分布的差异反映八道湾期至西山窑期以北部物源为主,下部构造层序揭示了北部抬升、南部均衡沉降的构造格局,头屯河期至喀拉扎期以南部物源为主,上部构造层序反映南部抬升、湖盆急剧收缩的构造格局。研究区主要发育冲积扇－辫状河三角洲－湖泊沉积体系,其次为曲流河－三角洲－湖泊沉积体系。早中侏罗世,本区以暖温带潮湿气候为主,但在三工河早期及头屯河中期有两次气候变干变热过程,晚侏罗世为亚热带干旱、半干旱气候,晚期的干旱气候还是导致湖盆急剧萎缩的重要因素。     

Forced regression and its sedimentary response to continental lacustrine rift basin: A case of the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Laizhouwan sag,Bohai Bay Basin

Falling stage systems tract(FSST)is an offlap strata with strong relationship with hydrocarbon exploration,which is driven by relative lake-level fall and developed above the highstand systems tract and below the lowstand systems tract of a new sequence. It has no relationship with sediment supply. Based on the theory of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology,3D seismic data,drilling core data,and well-logging data were comprehensively analyzed. The study showed that the FSST strata was formed in the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in the Laizhouwan sag. The FSST can be divided into three units,namely as units P1,P2,and P3 from bottom to top. The P1 is the first unit of progradation downlap the bottom of the FSST. The top of the unit P3 is a sequence boundary exhibits subaerial unconformity. The seismic profile along the source direction is characterized by the low-angle oblique progradation reflection that downstream the center of lake basin from west to east. Incised valleys developed on the top of the FSST perpendicular to the source direction. Gamma-ray logging response is manifested by a series of funnel-shaped complex,indicating that the sedimentary response of the FSST was a cycle of coarsening-upward parasequence sets. Comprehensive studies on core interpretation and well-logging analysis showed that the FSST was a fluvial-delta sedimentary system with slumped fan deposits associated with the delta front. Consequently,the FSST is a common result of relative dry climate and falling of lake level,considering regional tectonic evolution,sediment supply,and paleo-climate change. The discovery of the FSST in the Laizhouwan sag has an important geological significance for the sedimentological interpretation,and it offers a guidance for further oil exploration in the study area. In addition,it also serves as a significant reference for future research on the FSST development and exploration in the continental lacustrine rift basin.     

面向应急测绘的无人机航飞任务统一描述

在深入分析无人机应急测绘任务主要特点、工作模式和主要流程的基础上,提出了任务需求语义约束的任务模板设计方法,并设计了一种统一的无人机航飞任务模板,通过在省级应急测绘指挥平台中的实际应用验证了该任务模版的正确性和有效性。     

利用重力资料与GPS数据研究伽师及邻区近期地壳运动特征

利用重力资料和GPS数据研究伽师及邻近地区地壳运动特征,首先对2005～2009年该区域流动重力观测资料进行平差计算,绘制出以1年为尺度的重力场变化的等值线图.分析表明,伽师及邻近地区近年来重力场变化相对活跃,且有一定的规律,最大重力异常值达到150×10 -8m·s-2.其次,利用2005 ～2009年该区域GPS数据在统一框架下进行重新解算,并利用理论计算得到该地区每年的面膨胀值.研究表明,该区域地壳面压缩、面膨胀交替出现,正负交界处往往是剪应变值增大的地区,即地震易孕育区域.最后探讨了重力与GPS(面膨胀)二者在地壳形变、地球动力之间的响应关系.研究表明,震前伽师及邻区重力值主要显示正变化,震后则呈现出大面积负值区域,说明压陷(面收缩)和向北扩张(面膨胀)作用交替进行,这与GPS计算出的面膨胀结果是一致的.