黑龙江省≥10℃积温时空变化特征

积温是作物种植界限的重要参考依据, 分析其变化特征可为农业气候区划、合理种植农作物等提供科学依据. 基于黑龙江省62个气象站点1961-2014年的逐日平均气温资料和地理信息数据, 采用多种气候统计方法, 建立多元线性回归模型, 分析了近54年来黑龙江省≥10℃积温的时空变化特征.结果表明: 1961年以来, 黑龙江省≥10℃积温初日明显提前, 终日显著推迟, 持续日数增加,≥10℃ 积温显著上升, 在1994年发生突变;≥10℃积温随着纬度的增加逐渐降低, 随海拔的升高而减少, 低于1 900℃积温区域所占面积有逐年减少的趋势, 2 700℃以上积温区域所占面积呈显著增加趋势; 随着黑龙江省积温的增加, 积温带明显向北、向东移动, 第一和第二积温带面积显著增加, 第六积温带面积显著缩小.     

滇东南地区晚二叠世吴家坪早期岩相古地理*

在对野外露头和钻孔资料分析基础之上,运用单因素分析多因素综合作图法,对滇东南地区晚二叠世吴家坪早期的岩相古地理进行了系统研究和编图,取得如下主要认识：（1）吴家坪早期研究区西部为康滇古陆,西南部为屏马—越北古陆,沉积相带自南西向北东展布,依次为沼泽—潮上带、潮间带、潮下带和局限浅海;（2）康滇古陆与屏马—越北古陆共同为研究区提供物源;（3）天生桥地区在晚二叠世吴家坪早期沉积厚度较大,构成盆地的沉积中心;（4）盆地中心位于研究区的东北部,水体较深;（5）滇东南地区铝土矿主要分布于潮下带和局限浅海上部,该相带发育的地区应是今后滇东南地区的主要找矿远景区。     

Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Granite Xenolith within the Lamprophyre at the Zhenyuan Gold Deposit (Yunnan Province, SW China)

The xenoliths in host rocks of hydrothermal gold deposits can generally provide much geochemical information of the deep rocks, which may have an implication for the sources of ore-forming materials. Geochronology and geochemical characteristics are reported for a granite xenolith, which is enclosed by the lamprophyre in the Zhenyuan gold deposit (Yunnan Province, SW China). This granite xenolith mainly consists of K-feldspar, quartz, and plagioclase with trace amounts of magnetite, titanite, apatite, zircon, and sulfides. Zircons from the granite xenolith yield a weighted average U-Pb age of 281.1 ± 1.3 Ma (MSWD = 2.1), which could represent the crystallization age of this granite xenolith. The Ti-in-zircon geothermometer and the Mn concentration in apatite calculate that this granite xenolith formed at 685 ± 43°C with the logfO2 values ranging from NNO + 3.7 to NNO + 6.4. The zircons in the granite xenolith have a restricted range of positive εHf(t) values ranging from +9.4 to +10.8, and the corresponding Hf TDM2 model ages range from 588 to 678 Ma. The zircon U-Pb age and the Hf isotopic compositions indicate this granite xenolith within the lamprophyre is mainly derived from partial melting of juvenile crustal rocks before the completed closure of the Ailaoshan Ocean. The pyrites in the granite xenolith have higher Bi concentrations, and lower As, Sb, and Tl concentrations than the gold-bearing pyrites of the ores in the Zhenyuan gold deposit. The low Au concentrations of the pyrites together with the ore-forming age of the Zhenyuan gold deposit (Oligocene) indicate the granite xenolith may have limited contribution to the gold mineralization of the Zhenyuan gold deposit.     

地震重点监视防御区制度实施现状调查分析(山东县级)

本文以山东省县级防震减灾工作为研究对象,对中国地震局在全国范围内开展的两次地震重点监视防御区制度实施情况调查问卷进行了统计分析,从组织机构、经费预算、监测预报、震害防御、应急救援和宣传教育等6个方面的14项具体指标展开对比分析,通过对各项指标在时间纵向的发展变化、在重防区内外的发展差异以及与全国同期水平的对比分析,详细总结了地震重点监视防御区制度在山东省县级层面的实施现状及其原因,并提出了推进地震重点监视防御区制度实施的政策建议.     

黑龙江省电线积冰的气候特征及电网冰区划分

以1981-2012年黑龙江省32个电线积冰观测站资料和80个气象站资料为基础,分析了黑龙江省积冰的时空分布特征;通过建立出雨凇、雾凇标准冰厚与气象因子的回归方程,对黑龙江电网冰区进行了初步划分. 结果表明：雨凇的密度要远大于雾凇,多数站最严重积冰现象是由雨凇导致的,雨凇对积冰灾害的形成有着至关重要的影响. 雾凇日数远远大于雨凇日数,1981-2012年二者均呈显著下降的趋势;雨凇在秋季（11月份）最多,春季次之,而雾凇日数在冬季（1月份）最多,秋季次之. 雨凇日数在漠河北部、黑河大部、孙吴大部、五常大部和虎林南部较多,雾凇日数在齐齐哈尔中部、绥化中部以及三江平原东部地区最多. 冰区分布图结果显示,富裕属于中冰区,齐齐哈尔属于重冰区,其他地区均属于轻冰区.     

滇西保山西邑地区香山组一段牙形石的发现及其时代意义

保山西邑铅锌矿区香山组一段灰岩牙形石丰富,包括5属7种1个相似种及2个未定种,分别为:Ancyrodella curvata,A.nodosa,A.spp.,Ancyrognathus triangularis,Icriodus alternatus alternatus,I.sp.,Palmatolepis hassi,Pa.simpla,Polygnathus webbi,Po.cf.tenellus和Po.sp.。该牙形石组合面貌可与上泥盆统Late Palmatolepis rhenana带对比,表明研究区内香山组一段的时代为晚泥盆世弗拉斯期晚期,并非早石炭世。     

The Application of Alkenone-Based pCO2 Reconstructions

The changing of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is closely related with the changing of global ice sheet,temperature and sea level. Knowledge of the past atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and its relationship with climate is an important method of predicting the future climate change. Coccolith derived long-chain alkenone carbon isotope is one of the important proxies to reconstruct past carbon dioxide, which is wildly applied in the reconstruction of the Cenozoic atmospheric carbon dioxide. In this paper, we focused on the method of alkenone-based atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, including the geochemical properties of long-chain alkenone, carbon diffusive model and the carbon isotope fraction. Then, we introduced the development of alkenone-based carbon dioxide proxy and its uncertainty. Coccolith cell geometry and growth rate have great influence on carbon dioxide fraction. Besides, there are some uncertainties about carbon concentration mechanisms in coccolithes, which may have some influence on alkenone-based carbon dioxide method to reconstruct ancient carbon dioxide more accurately. At the end, we summarized the Cenozoic carbon dioxide record with various proxies including alkenone carbon dioxide, boron isotope, palaeosol carbonate nodules and stomatal indices of fossil leaves.     

Two‐Stage Sulfide Mineral Assemblages in the Mineralized Ultramafic Rocks of the Laowangzhai Gold Deposit (Yunnan,SW China): Implications for Metallogenic Evolution

The Laowangzhai gold deposit, located in the Ailaoshan gold belt (SW China), is hosted in various types of rocks, including in quartz porphyry, carbonaceous slate, meta‐sandstone, lamprophyre, and altered ultramafic rocks. In contrast to other wall rocks, the orebodies in altered ultramafic rocks are characterized by the occurrence of a large amount of Ni‐bearing minerals. The ore‐forming process of the orebodies hosted by altered ultramafic rocks can be divided into two stages: pyrite‐vaesite‐native gold and gersdorffite‐violarite stages. The contents of As and Sb increased during the evolution of ore‐forming fluid based on the mineral assemblages. Thermodynamic modeling of the Ni‐Cu‐As‐Fe‐S system using the SUPCRT92 software package with the updated database of slop16.dat indicates the fS₂ in ore‐forming fluid decreases significantly from stage I to stage II. The decreases of fS₂ due to crystallization of sulfides and fO₂ due to fluid–rock reaction were responsible for ore formation in altered ultramafic rocks of the Laowangzhai gold deposit. Geological evidence, the in situ sulfur isotope values of pyrite, and the other published isotopic data suggest that the ore‐forming fluid for ultramafic rock ores was dominantly composed of evolved magmatic fluid with the important input of sediments.     

豫西熊耳山地区变质流体的性质与演化

流体包裹体研究发现,本区区域变质高峰期后热液以高盐度为特征,均一温度为205～360℃,盐度16～34wt％eq.NaCl。热液体系属Na-K-Cl-S-C型。变质压力增大到一定程度,变质流体的组成有重大改变,从以含水溶液为主的流体转到以CO_2为主的流体。不同地区的变质岩、混合岩中流体包裹体类型、均一温度、盐度都具有极大的相似性,为同一变质流体演化的产物,说明本区在变质-混合岩化构造热事件中具很大的均匀性。因此,变质作用过程中不可能有大规模的热流体循环,也不会造成大范围的矿质运移和沉淀成矿。本区金矿不是变质同生金矿,而是变质后生金矿。文中还对退变质过程中的p-T轨迹作了讨论。