《海西交通图集》的编制探讨

《海西交通图集》是以省基础地理信息为基础框架,运用计算机制图技术、数据库技术和全数字桌面出版一体化技术集成制作的综合交通图集,也是一本反映海西交通基础设施及主要成就的图集。对图集的技术创新、内容选题、设计特点等进行分析与探讨。     

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷铜体庙组-南屯组储层次生孔隙成因及意义

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷白垩系南屯组和铜体庙组凝灰质砂岩、凝灰质泥岩、沉凝灰岩和凝灰岩储层是该区主要产层。油气储集空间以次生孔隙为主。大量碱性矿物组合如柯绿泥石、钠板石、碳钠铝石、方沸石、绿磷石、铈褐帘石、铁绿泥石等的存在,证明发生了大规模碱性溶解和交代作用。晶屑、玻屑、长石和粘土等填隙物均发生不同程度的溶解现象。研究表明,次生孔隙是凝灰质储层大规模碱交代作用的结果,预示盆地深部存在油气储集空间并富集油气。     

叠覆式三角洲——一种特殊的浅水三角洲

不同于常规三角洲以分流河道体系所形成的分流河道、河口坝、席状砂等微相为三角洲朵体的基本单元,叠覆式三角洲以内部结构简单的朵体为基本构成单元,朵体相互叠置,形成复合叠合体,进而构成三角洲骨架。单个朵体由河道扫描或扩展而成,复合朵体则是由单朵体侧向迁移或前(退)积而成。三角洲因大量朵体叠置而形成厚层状、内部结构复杂的复合砂体。不同朵体形成于不同时期,因而不存在统一的分流体系,单一沉积体具有层状特征,但不同期朵体受可容空间和地貌控制,呈三维叠置,而非简单的层状叠加,从而使得三角洲内部呈现出拼合式、立体式特点。单朵体是结构的基本单元,发育范围有限,与相邻朵体发育于不同时间单元,因而只能在复合体约束下小范围追踪。单一朵体接触关系及接触界面的渗流能力决定了油气富集和注水开发响应特征。朵体迁移、叠置造成大面积、巨厚的砂层可形成大型油气藏,而同时朵体间泥岩的不均匀分布也造就了砂体局部不连通或朵体间连通性变化,为岩性油气藏形成创造了条件,并且影响了注水开发中的注采对应性,进而影响水驱采油效果。     

试论胶东金成矿区成矿物质条件

对胶东群、粉子山群和蓬莱群的岩石学、地球化学等特征研究认为，胶东群是金的主要矿源层；粉子山群和煌斑岩脉也提供了部分金的来源。花岗质岩浆活动促使成矿物质转移。     

Enhanced anisotropic bounding surface plasticity model considering modified spacing ratio of anisotropically consolidated clay

Acta Geotechnica - The critical state of anisotropically consolidated clay is not well captured by the classical anisotropic bounding surface plasticity model without considering the real...     

应用各种示踪剂研究岩溶泉系统的补给边界

应用三种化学示踪剂,对桂林岩溶水文地质试验场“31号泉系统”的补给边界进行了研究。试验在雨期进行,示踪剂分别是降雨后投入落水洞随表层岩溶水带入地下;或在降雨前投入无水的落水洞中,待降雨后由地表产流带入地下。 试验表明,氯化锌、钼酸铵是较理想的示踪剂,地下水速度为4～250米/小时,速度差可能是由于包气带岩溶含水介质渗透性和水力坡度不同所致;泉口历时浓度曲线常呈多峰型,多是由于降雨脉冲影响所致;峰丛区高程不等的洼地多通道补给山边泉,峰丛区含水介质结构具有叠置性,即水平方向多通道,垂直方向多层次,故水均衡计算不可忽视;“31号泉系统”的补给边界,通过圈定有水力连系之洼地的地表分水岭来确定。      

The Dynamic Evaluation of Rock Slope Stability Considering the Effects of Microseismic Damage

A state-of-the-art microseismic monitoring system has been implemented at the left bank slope of the Jinping first stage hydropower station since June 2009. The main objectives are to ensure slope safety under continuous excavation at the left slope, and, very recently, the safety of the concrete arch dam. The safety of the excavated slope is investigated through the development of fast and accurate real-time event location techniques aimed at assessing the evolution and migration of the seismic activity, as well as through the development of prediction capabilities for rock slope instability. Myriads of seismic events at the slope have been recorded by the microseismic monitoring system. Regions of damaged rock mass have been identified and delineated on the basis of the tempo-spatial distribution analysis of microseismic activity during the periods of excavation and consolidation grouting. However, how to effectively utilize the abundant microseismic data in order to quantify the stability of the slope remains a challenge. In this paper, a rock mass damage evolutional model based on microseismic data is proposed, combined with a 3D finite element method (FEM) model for feedback analysis of the left bank slope stability. The model elements with microseismic damage are interrogated and the deteriorated mechanical parameters determined accordingly. The relationship between microseismic activities induced by rock mass damage during slope instability, strength degradation, and dynamic instability of the slope are explored, and the slope stability is quantitatively evaluated. The results indicate that a constitutive relation considering microseismic damage is concordant with the simulation results and the influence of rock mass damage can be allowed for its feedback analysis of 3D slope stability. In addition, the safety coefficient of the rock slope considering microseismic damage is reduced by a value of 0.11, in comparison to the virgin rock slope model. Our results demonstrate that microseismic activity induced by construction disturbance only slightly affects the stability of the slope. The proposed feedback analysis technique provides a novel method for dynamically assessing rock slope stability and can be used to assess the slope stability of other similar rock slopes.     

Petrogenesis and metallogenic potential of the Jurassic porphyries in the northwest Zhejiang Province,South China: insights from SHRIMP zircon geochronology,geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes of the Huangbaikeng ore-bearing porphyries

The northwest Zhejiang Province is a key domain for providing deep insight into the crust–mantle interaction and tectonic evolution of the South China block. In this paper, we collect geochemical, geochronological, and isotopic data of the Jurassic porphyries in this region, and investigated the Huangbaikeng ore-bearing porphyry in the Tongcun Mo–Cu deposit, using it as an example to uncover the porphyry petrogenesis and evaluate their metallogenic potential. Two varieties of the Huangbaikeng porphyry were distinguished: the medium- to coarse-grained type and medium- to fine-grained type. Zircon Sensitive High-Resolution Ion Microprobe U–Pb dating indicates that they were emplaced at 161.8 ± 2.8 and 162.7 ± 3.5 Ma, respectively, which are consistent with the molybdenite Re–Os ages of 163.9–161.8 Ma. The inherited zircons age spectrum significantly recorded a series of geological events, for example, assembly and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia supercontinent, and the Triassic collision of Yangtze and North China blocks. Whole rock Sr–Nd and Jurassic zircon Hf isotopic data yield mostly negative ε_Hf(t) values (0.5 to ?8.4) and ε_Nd(t) values (?0.79 to ?4.82). Besides the Huangbaikeng porphyry, all the Jurassic porphyries in the northwest Zhejiang Province have a wide range of SiO₂ contents (76.78–60.91 wt.%). They do not contain typical aluminous minerals (e.g. cordierite and garnet), and are mainly metaluminous to weakly peraluminous with high Na₂O, low FeO^T/MgO, and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y concentrations in composition. They thus fit the I-type granite definition. Some major and trace elements show strong correlations with SiO₂, possibly indicating extensive fractional crystallization during their magma evolution. Tectonic discriminations imply that these plutons were likely formed in a volcanic arc regime possibly related to subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate. Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic data suggest a mixed source of the Mesoproterozoic crust and 30–50% mantle components. Compared with the adjacent Dexing Cu-bearing porphyies, which have more positive ε_Hf(t) and ε_Nd(t) values with more significant mantle components (55–70%), the Jurassic porphyries in the northwest Zhejiang Province probably lack metallogenic potential to form a giant porphyry copper deposit as Dexing.     

A GIS-based method of risk assessment on no. 11 coal-floor water inrush from Ordovician limestone in Hancheng mining area,China

The no. 11 coal seam in the deep area of Hancheng mining area is mining in recent years, which is threatened by the water inrush from the Ordovician limestone aquifer. Coal-floor water inrush is governed by the water abundance of coal-floor aquifer, the water-resisting performance of coal-floor aquitard, and the pathway connecting the water source and the working face. To make an accuracy risk assessment of water inrush from the no. 11 coal seam floor, a GIS-based vulnerability index method (VIM) is adopted for its superior comprehensive consideration of more controlling factors, powerful spatial analysis, and intuitively display functions. This study firstly established an index system including the water pressure of the coal-floor aquifer, the unit water inflow, the thickness, the core recovery percentage, the thickness ratio of brittle rocks to ductile rocks, the thickness of effective aquitard, and the accumulated length of faults and folds, of which the former six indexes governed the water abundance of the coal-floor aquifer which was combined with the last two factors to determine the risk of coal-floor water inrush. Secondly, the thematic map of each controlling factor is established by GIS using the geological prospecting data, and the weight of each factor is determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) after consulting the expert review panel. At last, a vulnerability index is obtained and used to assess the risk of coal-floor water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam. The risk of water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam of the study area was ranked to three zones: the southeastern shallow area in red color is the dangerous zone, the wide northwestern area in green color is the safe zone, and the transition area in yellow color is the moderate-risk zone. Compared with the actual water-inrush incidents, the risk assessment result was verified to achieve an accuracy of 82.35%, which is proved to be a dependable reference for the prevention and controlling of coal-floor water inrush of the no. 11 coal seam in Hancheng mining area.