滕县、兖州煤田红层的富水性及其对煤炭开采的影响

在滕县、兖州含煤盆地内,上侏罗统红层直接覆盖于二叠、石炭系煤系地层之上,在勘探时期曾被归为隔水层。本文通过现场资料分析和大量室内测试结果,系统研究了本区红层的化学成分和矿物组成、储水空间和分布特征及其红层地下水对煤矿开采的影响。作者得出下列结论:在岩性和构造适宜地段,红层中可以赋存较为丰富的地下水,他们既是许多煤矿的供水水源,又对煤矿的开采构成充水威胁,并通过采动裂隙引发突水事故。     

用多变量时间序列相关模型预测矿井涌水量

运用多变量时间序列分析方法，建立了南桐煤矿二井的涌水量与降雨量之间的相关模型，并将其用于矿井涌水量的预测，结果表明，南桐二井涌水量与降雨量呈滞后一个月、三个月和三年的关系，预测结果与实测值对比分析表明，本模型的预测结果精度较高。     

The electrical conductivity of upper-mantle rocks: water content in the upper mantle

The electrical conductivity of upper-mantle rocks—dunite, pyroxenite, and lherzolite—was measured at ∼2–3 GPa and ∼1,273–1,573 K using impedance spectra within a frequency range of 0.1–10⁶ Hz. The oxygen fugacity was controlled by a Mo–MoO₂ solid buffer. The results indicate that the electrical conductivity of lherzolite and pyroxenite are approximately half and one order of magnitude higher than that of dunite, respectively. A preliminary model involving water and iron content effects on the electrical conductivity was derived and is summarized by the relation:

Study on oil–source correlation by analyzing organic geochemistry characteristics: a case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the south of Ordos Basin,China

In the south of the Ordos Basin, the oil source of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation is confused all the time, which affects further exploration. In this study, oil sources from the oil layers of Ch6, Ch8 and Ch9 are all analyzed and confirmed. Through their carbon isotope value and biomarkers, characteristics of crude oils from the Yanchang Formation are analyzed. Then, the oil–source relation is discussed, with the source rocks’ features. Finally, the oil–source relation is calculated through cluster analysis. It is believed that the oils from the Yanchang Formation deposit in a similar redox environment, with weak oxidation–weak reduction, and have all entered maturity stage. Ch9 crude oil is more mature than crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8, and has more advanced plants and fewer algae. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis show that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 may come from Ch7, and Ch9 crude oil may not. Cluster analysis displays that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 have closer squared Euclidean distance with Ch7 source rocks than Ch9 crude oil does, indicating crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 stem from Ch7 source rocks. And Ch9 crude oil has rather close squared Euclidean distance with Ch9 source rocks, illustrating Ch9 crude oil may be from Ch9 source rocks. This research may provide the theoretical basis for the next exploration deploy in the south of Ordos Basin.     

红岩煤矿岩溶双重介质对降雨响应特征的研究

根据大量监测资料,研究了矿区岩溶管道和溶孔、溶隙流对降雨的不同响应特征,并概化出本区的岩溶地下水系统结构图。最后应用时间序列分析频谱方法研究了３１年来矿井涌水量对降雨量的响应关系,即全矿涌水量滞后于降雨６ｄ。     

正定矩阵一维三角分解法及其应用

由文献［１］知,正定矩阵三角分解后,下三角阵中各元素在阵中的位置具有一定的分布规律,为此可将矩阵中用二维形式表示的诸元素利用位置函数表示为一维形式,文献［１］中所有利用下三角阵各元素进行计算的公式也都可表示为一维形式,使程序设计简单易行。     

正定矩阵的三角分解与线性对称方程组的解算

讨论用正定矩阵三角分解法解线性对称方程组的问题,将具有正定系数阵的线性方程组中的正定矩阵分解为两个互为转置的上、下三角阵之积,用比较法导出下三角阵诸元素与原矩阵诸元素之间的关系式,再将分解式代入原方程,从而导出用三角分解法解线性对称方程组的计算公式,此法计算规律性强,既适用于手算又适用于电算,可在测量平差等科学计算中广泛应用。     

A brief discussion on the relationship between apparent stress and slip-weakening law based on the energy partition criteria

According to the representation theorem of seismic energy radiation,we know that,at any point on the fault,the instantaneous seismic radiation energy,ES,the seismic moment M0,and the apparent stress σa=μES /M0(μ is the shear modulus on the fault plane) should be positive values at any time during an earthquake faulting.However,we have noticed that,in recent source parameter inversion scheme for deriving the critical slip-weakening distance,the apparent stress used as a constraint condition on the fault plan...     

隐伏和出露地表断层近断层地表运动特征的研究进展

本文介绍了在强震地震学研究方面国内外目前所关注的重要问题：隐伏断层和出露地表断层在地震发生时近断层地表运动特征存在着明显的差异。根据近几十年全球发生的中强地震的地表运动参数的统计分析所得的结果表明,由隐伏断层所造成的近断层地表运动强度（速度、加速度）大于出露地表断层所产生的地表运动强度,虽然发生在出露地表断层的地震往往可造成较大的近断层地表位移,但是当地震矩震级（MW）达到 7.5 级以上的时候,近断层地表加速度和速度在近源区却出现了饱和现象。对该问题的深入研究有着十分重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。本文着重介绍了当前国际上对该问题的研究现状,并且建议在此基础上利用三维有限差分断层动力学模型,模拟断层的动态破裂过程以及近断层地表运动的特征。     

基于动摩擦应力下调滑移弱化机制，利用地表破裂同震位移约束2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震破裂传播速度

利用2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震现场观测所提供的地表破裂同震位移数据,使用简单滑移弱化破裂模型,估算了发震主断层上的破裂传播速度. 该模型中考虑了断层破裂时动摩擦过程中应力上调和下调机制对地震波辐射能量分配的影响. 对比Bouchon和Valleacute;e有关昆仑山口西地震主断层破裂传播速度超过剪切波速度,甚至达到P波速度的结果, 采用动摩擦应力下调时的滑移弱化模型 (分数应力降模型),结果表明,伴随较高的地震波辐射效率,主断层的平均破裂传播速度等于或小于瑞利波速度,这与许力生和陈运泰的体波反演结果,以及陈学忠震源应力场估算的结果是一致的. 最后,联系到由地表破裂现象所反映出的断层力学特征,如与视应力相关的分数应力降 (动摩擦应力下调), 基于滑移弱化模型, 讨论了可能的震源破裂机制.