温度、光强和pH对条斑紫菜孢子体和配子体类囊体膜上光系统活性的影响

光合作用研究中,对于个体发育过程中类囊体膜蛋白结构和功能的变化所知甚少,其中的一个限制因素是能否纯化得到大量高活性的稳定且均一的膜蛋白。作者以条斑紫菜（Porphyra yezoensis）2个不同发育阶段（孢子体和配子体）作为研究对象,分离得到了孢子体和配子体的类囊体膜．在不同的温度、光强和pH下,对其类囊体膜上的光系统活性进行了研究。结果表明,孢子体和配子体的PSⅠ活性均随温度和光强的升高而呈现一个先升高后降低的趋势,在温度18℃,光强为2320lx时具有最高的PSⅠ活性。而孢子体乖配子体的PSll活性随温度和光强的变化趋势不明显,孢子体PSⅡ活性在温度18℃,光强为2320lx时最高,配子体PSⅡ活性在温度13℃,光强为2800lx时最高。孢子体PSⅠ在酸性条件下较活跃,在pH5．4时具有最高的PSⅠ活性,配子体PSⅠ在碱性条件下较活跃,PSⅠ活性在pH10．4时最高;孢子体PSⅡ活性随pH的升高呈现一个先升高后降低的趋势,配子体PSⅡ活性随pH变化趋势不明显,但都在pH8．0处活性最高。     

Nonlinear baseflow recession analysis in watersheds with intermittent streamflow

Abstract

Discharge in most rivers consists mainly of baseflow exfiltrating from shallow groundwater reservoirs, while surface or other direct flows cease soon after rain storms or snowmelt. Analysis of observed baseflow recessions of two rivers in Turkey with intermittent flows and different geographical and climatic characteristics yielded nonlinear storage–outflow relationships of the highly seasonal aquifers. Baseflow separation was carried out using a nonlinear reservoir algorithm. Baseflow seasonality is related to the hydro-climatic conditions influencing groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration of groundwater. As intermittent streams generally have zero flows in the dry season, calibration of recession parameters is in many cases a complicated task.

Citation Aksoy, H. & Wittenberg, H. (2011) Nonlinear baseflow recession analysis in watersheds with intermittent streamflow. Hydrol. Sci. J. 56(2), 226–237.     

Megabenthic recolonization in an experimentally disturbed abyssal manganese nodule area 1

The near total removal of manganese nodules during commercial deep‐sea mining will destroy the habitat of the benthic hard‐bottom fauna within the mined areas and result in the formation of a soft‐bottom community of lower diversity. In 1989 the first large‐scale and long‐term experiment, DISCOL, was initiated in the abyssal tropical southeastern Pacific Ocean to study the impact of disturbances similar to ocean mining on the deep‐sea fauna. The megabenthic assemblage and the recolonization of the disturbed area were monitored during three cruises of the German research vessel SONNE by use of an Ocean Floor Observation System with real‐time TV and “photo‐on‐command” capabilities. The results of the image analyses of the baseline and three postimpact studies demonstrate not only a direct impact within the disturber tracks, but also an apparent impact on areas that were not primarily disturbed. Commercial mining will create a sediment plume, which will drift away with near‐bottom currents and also affect animals outside the mined areas. Reduction of environmental effects remains an important objective during development of future nodule collector systems.